This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber...This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.展开更多
A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse ...A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse and remote areas in China have been used to establish the typical annual dose as 5.5mGy/a and its associated deviation. Ten unauthenticated samples are then appraised using the technique which,in nearly all cases, leads to satisfactory results.展开更多
This paper expresses REN Ping＇s views on calligraphic arts and classical Chinese literature. Calligraphy and literature could not only express ideas, sentiments, and aesthetic charm, but also create harmony in relati...This paper expresses REN Ping＇s views on calligraphic arts and classical Chinese literature. Calligraphy and literature could not only express ideas, sentiments, and aesthetic charm, but also create harmony in relationships. The study focuses on his calligraphic styles such as Cursive Calligraphy （草书）, Regular Script （楷书）, Seal Script （篆书）, running style （行书） and so on. His calligraphic art creation lends a unique classical style to the Chinese movie, and shows a board and wide beauty of nature for pavilion ofZONG XIU in Hangzhou, which draws essence from ancient to nourishing the new. It is widely accepted that REN Ping＇s accomplishment results from, his accumulation of Chinese traditional culture, his rich knowledge in occidental philosophy and art, his outstanding artistic talents, and from his generosity, forthrightness, and sincerity, and his all-embracing humanistic feelings.展开更多
The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal image...The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal images in the classic book are rarely seen in daily life, translation of animal images in the ancient Chinese book remains a hard nut to crack. In this case, explicit and accurate interpretation of these culture-loaded items is crucial to make readers understand. However, few previous studies touched upon this area. In this case, componential analysis serves as a solution. As an effective approach for analyzing semantic components, componential analysis is an effective way to break down semantic components of words and make them easily understood. In the previous studies, papers relating translation to componential analysis were not the majority. Among them, few papers are concerning application of componential analysis to the translation of literary works. In this essay, the analysis of animal images could be interpreted in lexical and textual level respectively. In this case, componential analysis bridges the gap for culture differences and enables readers of target language to savor the beauty. Therefore, readers of the target language can enjoy alien cultures of ancient China by reading this translated version.展开更多
Novelist has a mission to shape the characters. The reason that Chinese classic novels have amazing artistic charm and immortal literary value ultimately lies in the diverse and distinctive characters that created by ...Novelist has a mission to shape the characters. The reason that Chinese classic novels have amazing artistic charm and immortal literary value ultimately lies in the diverse and distinctive characters that created by the author. From Jingwei and Kua Fu in the early myths to Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in classical novels of mature period, the characters have been talked about for many years. Through the typical image, the author deduces a section of joys and sorrows to the reader, showing the bizarre society. When making interpretation of characters in the ancient novel, we should both root in the social context but also pay attention to authors＇ appraise attitude. Because contemporary readers can not be out of real background, and also be allowed to make a reasonable re-interpretation, in order to make a more accurate, objective and comprehensive grasp of the characters in classical novels.展开更多
Ye Shu-xian＇s proposal of ＂Road of Jade＂ brings forward a new way to study the origin of civilization. Jade replaced bronze as one of the major criterions of the birth of civilizations. Ye explains jade as a mystic...Ye Shu-xian＇s proposal of ＂Road of Jade＂ brings forward a new way to study the origin of civilization. Jade replaced bronze as one of the major criterions of the birth of civilizations. Ye explains jade as a mystical witchcraft which has a sacred power for the ancient people. Because the jade is produced in the water, and has the similar color with the sky, both of which have significance for the origin of life, jade is thus considered to be the origin of power. The notion of jade-god gave birth to the civilization in ancient China and triggered competition among the settlements, which in turn, advanced the development of civilization.展开更多
Early efforts at mandibular reconstruction are described from ancient China and the Etruscans to even Hippocrates, involving wooden, terracotta and metal prostheses attached to bone or teeth. Since then, modem surgery...Early efforts at mandibular reconstruction are described from ancient China and the Etruscans to even Hippocrates, involving wooden, terracotta and metal prostheses attached to bone or teeth. Since then, modem surgery has developed more effective techniques, including no vascularized bone grafts, better alloplastic materials, vascularized loco regional grafts, soft and hard tissue compounds, bone fixation and stretching materials, and mechanisms for study models. These components have become indispensable in the surgeon＇s arsenal with regard to reconstructive surgery. A gold standard for mandibular bone reconstruction is the use of autogenous grafts. The objective of this study was to describe a clinical case of mandibular reconstruction with autogenous graft associated with adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The clinical case presented shows the treatment performed for after-effects correction due to the non-consolidation of sagittal mandibular osteotomy performed for correction of standard III dentofacial deformity, resulting in a pseudoarthrosis with bite deviation and facial asymmetry. As a treatment plan, mandibular reconstruction was instituted with autogenous graft of anterior iliac crest associated with the use prototyping biomodel and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. After a control of 1 year and 6 months, no signs of recurrence were identified and the radiographic image showed excellent positioning, good volume and maintenance of the mandibular contour.展开更多
The world admired Ancient Egypt since its conquest by the Roman Empire, For Europe, it was a dreamlike country full of wonders and magic, only in the beginning of the nineteenth century, the romantic interest gave way...The world admired Ancient Egypt since its conquest by the Roman Empire, For Europe, it was a dreamlike country full of wonders and magic, only in the beginning of the nineteenth century, the romantic interest gave way to serious scientific research. The founders of Egyptology widely known, hut the name of one of them, the German Egyptologist Adolf Erman, is rarely found in modern monographs of Western researches, dedicated to the history of Egypt. At the same time in Russia, where researches in the field of Egyptology have been started only in the late nineteenth century, a special attention was paid to Erman＇s works. The objective of this work was to evaluate the significant contribution of A. Erman to the development of the world and in particular Russian Egyptology. Analysis of Erman＇s, his disciples＇ and followers＇ works showed that he was the founder of the Berlin school of Egyptology which has brought up such famous Egyptologists as L. Borchardt, K. Zeta, H. Muller, G. Roeder, H. Schaefer, G. Shteindorf, and others. His influence went far beyond Germany： Among his students, there were researchers from England, the United States of America, and italy. Erman left a remarkable imprint on Russian Egyptology. B. Turayev and V. Struve were taught by Erman, then they became followers of this science at home; some of their students undertook an internship at Erman＇s school as well. After returning home the Russian researchers created works on the history and culture of ancient Egypt, lecturedon Egyptology in universities. As a result, Russian schools of Egyptology were founded by B. Turayev and V. Struve, the members of which proceeded to work on the history of Egypt and Ancient Orient, transferring their knowledge to the next generation.展开更多
Chinese traditional architectural paintings are more drawn to the interior and exterior painting walls, canopies, beams, Fang, stigma, brackets and interior ceilings, caisson, the architectural art of building compone...Chinese traditional architectural paintings are more drawn to the interior and exterior painting walls, canopies, beams, Fang, stigma, brackets and interior ceilings, caisson, the architectural art of building components were processed and formed their rich colors, making the Chinese ancient architecture even more magnificent. It has two kinds of practical effects, one is to decorate building, and the second is to protect the individual masonry wood components and parts them from wind and rain erosion. In other words, functional and aesthetic painting set in one. Most Chinese ancient buildings are wooden structures, for aesthetics and durability wooden structural parts, are generally required to cover color to paint the cover, so the Chinese ancient buildings, whether internal walls, ceiling, doors, windows, roofs, etc. are painted with colors, sculpturing patterns and patterns to enhance the expressive power of art architecture, it can be said that the ancient Chinese architecture buildings are colorized architecture. From afar to go, the overall color of ancient Chinese architecture makes people＇ s hearts worship must be generated by the primary function of psychological respected. Ancient architectural decoration can be summarized into three categories： gold, color ornaments and carvings, color ornaments which include brush color decoration ornaments, painting and murals are as one of the three categories, the color was given such a high mission in the world, yet there are no countries can be comparable with it, the reason is not just the appearance of color can achieve architectural beauty, but also to show people＇ s color sustenance and beliefs in a certain extent. Ancient architectural sculpture was created by people in the production practice activities, and it is a product of the interaction between material and spiritual civilization and has a very high social value and artistic value. It carries historical and cultural information, expresses people＇ s spiritual and cultural pursuits and beliefs and through different art forms, reflects the beauty of different materials, expresses a different artistic content.展开更多
Subei-Huainan in the southeastern margin of the North China platform is a key area of convergence of China’s north-south stratigraphic correlation of Neoproterozoic.Due to the lack of fossils,the Neoproterozoic strat...Subei-Huainan in the southeastern margin of the North China platform is a key area of convergence of China’s north-south stratigraphic correlation of Neoproterozoic.Due to the lack of fossils,the Neoproterozoic stratigraphic correlation is still a difficulty in this area.The division of Neoproterozoic strata and the establishment of the correlation framework of the stratigraphic sequences have been done through recognizing the regularity of meter-scale cycles by measuring the outcrop of Neoproterozoic strata and using the Fischer diagram and the sea-level curve of transgressive-regressive by the maximum flooding sedimentary and molar teeth carbonate sedimentary.The maximum flooding sedimentary which becomes cycle sequence comparison of sign is isochronous in the same basin and is a key of cycle sequence comparison although paleogeographic environment and sedimentary sequence may be different in the sedimentary strata of the same geologic time.Molars carbonates,having specific geological distrution time and depositional environment and mainly developing in the ramp environment of the platform edge in the 1500-650 Ma,are the new symbol of the stratigraphic correlation in the Neoproterozoic.Because of the missing of the fossil record,the maximum flooding and the molar-teeth carbonate sedimentary,as the new research ideas,are used in stratigraphic division and correlation.展开更多
文摘This article, by using mathematical expressions, offers a scientific framework for understanding how the grading system of Qing′s structural carpentry determines the design and construction in the grand style timber architecture.The Qing′s grand style timber structure, which is ready for prefabrication and assembly, is extremely hierarchical oriented and significantly standardized. The general procedure in designing a grand style timber structure is to start with the grade that defines the basic module (dou kou); next comes with the number of bracket set (cuan), the number of longitudinal bays and the number of purlins which affect its plan and cross section; thirdly choose a roof type that determines its longitudinal section and the facade as well. A series of formulae are conducted to help depict the layout, cross sectional roof curvature and special longitudinal treatments in 4 sloped and 9 spined roofs respectively.
文摘A rapid and effective TL technique to authenticate ancient Chinese pottery is proposed in the paper. Twenty three samples, ranging in age from 200 to 9000 a,including multiple styles and shapes and drawn from diverse and remote areas in China have been used to establish the typical annual dose as 5.5mGy/a and its associated deviation. Ten unauthenticated samples are then appraised using the technique which,in nearly all cases, leads to satisfactory results.
文摘This paper expresses REN Ping＇s views on calligraphic arts and classical Chinese literature. Calligraphy and literature could not only express ideas, sentiments, and aesthetic charm, but also create harmony in relationships. The study focuses on his calligraphic styles such as Cursive Calligraphy （草书）, Regular Script （楷书）, Seal Script （篆书）, running style （行书） and so on. His calligraphic art creation lends a unique classical style to the Chinese movie, and shows a board and wide beauty of nature for pavilion ofZONG XIU in Hangzhou, which draws essence from ancient to nourishing the new. It is widely accepted that REN Ping＇s accomplishment results from, his accumulation of Chinese traditional culture, his rich knowledge in occidental philosophy and art, his outstanding artistic talents, and from his generosity, forthrightness, and sincerity, and his all-embracing humanistic feelings.
文摘The thesis aims to explain the functions of componential analysis to animal images in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. It serves as a treasure to the tremendous Chinese classics. However, as most of the animal images in the classic book are rarely seen in daily life, translation of animal images in the ancient Chinese book remains a hard nut to crack. In this case, explicit and accurate interpretation of these culture-loaded items is crucial to make readers understand. However, few previous studies touched upon this area. In this case, componential analysis serves as a solution. As an effective approach for analyzing semantic components, componential analysis is an effective way to break down semantic components of words and make them easily understood. In the previous studies, papers relating translation to componential analysis were not the majority. Among them, few papers are concerning application of componential analysis to the translation of literary works. In this essay, the analysis of animal images could be interpreted in lexical and textual level respectively. In this case, componential analysis bridges the gap for culture differences and enables readers of target language to savor the beauty. Therefore, readers of the target language can enjoy alien cultures of ancient China by reading this translated version.
文摘Novelist has a mission to shape the characters. The reason that Chinese classic novels have amazing artistic charm and immortal literary value ultimately lies in the diverse and distinctive characters that created by the author. From Jingwei and Kua Fu in the early myths to Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in classical novels of mature period, the characters have been talked about for many years. Through the typical image, the author deduces a section of joys and sorrows to the reader, showing the bizarre society. When making interpretation of characters in the ancient novel, we should both root in the social context but also pay attention to authors＇ appraise attitude. Because contemporary readers can not be out of real background, and also be allowed to make a reasonable re-interpretation, in order to make a more accurate, objective and comprehensive grasp of the characters in classical novels.
基金This paper is supported by General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （Grant No.： 2013M542363）.
文摘Ye Shu-xian＇s proposal of ＂Road of Jade＂ brings forward a new way to study the origin of civilization. Jade replaced bronze as one of the major criterions of the birth of civilizations. Ye explains jade as a mystical witchcraft which has a sacred power for the ancient people. Because the jade is produced in the water, and has the similar color with the sky, both of which have significance for the origin of life, jade is thus considered to be the origin of power. The notion of jade-god gave birth to the civilization in ancient China and triggered competition among the settlements, which in turn, advanced the development of civilization.
文摘Early efforts at mandibular reconstruction are described from ancient China and the Etruscans to even Hippocrates, involving wooden, terracotta and metal prostheses attached to bone or teeth. Since then, modem surgery has developed more effective techniques, including no vascularized bone grafts, better alloplastic materials, vascularized loco regional grafts, soft and hard tissue compounds, bone fixation and stretching materials, and mechanisms for study models. These components have become indispensable in the surgeon＇s arsenal with regard to reconstructive surgery. A gold standard for mandibular bone reconstruction is the use of autogenous grafts. The objective of this study was to describe a clinical case of mandibular reconstruction with autogenous graft associated with adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The clinical case presented shows the treatment performed for after-effects correction due to the non-consolidation of sagittal mandibular osteotomy performed for correction of standard III dentofacial deformity, resulting in a pseudoarthrosis with bite deviation and facial asymmetry. As a treatment plan, mandibular reconstruction was instituted with autogenous graft of anterior iliac crest associated with the use prototyping biomodel and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. After a control of 1 year and 6 months, no signs of recurrence were identified and the radiographic image showed excellent positioning, good volume and maintenance of the mandibular contour.
文摘The world admired Ancient Egypt since its conquest by the Roman Empire, For Europe, it was a dreamlike country full of wonders and magic, only in the beginning of the nineteenth century, the romantic interest gave way to serious scientific research. The founders of Egyptology widely known, hut the name of one of them, the German Egyptologist Adolf Erman, is rarely found in modern monographs of Western researches, dedicated to the history of Egypt. At the same time in Russia, where researches in the field of Egyptology have been started only in the late nineteenth century, a special attention was paid to Erman＇s works. The objective of this work was to evaluate the significant contribution of A. Erman to the development of the world and in particular Russian Egyptology. Analysis of Erman＇s, his disciples＇ and followers＇ works showed that he was the founder of the Berlin school of Egyptology which has brought up such famous Egyptologists as L. Borchardt, K. Zeta, H. Muller, G. Roeder, H. Schaefer, G. Shteindorf, and others. His influence went far beyond Germany： Among his students, there were researchers from England, the United States of America, and italy. Erman left a remarkable imprint on Russian Egyptology. B. Turayev and V. Struve were taught by Erman, then they became followers of this science at home; some of their students undertook an internship at Erman＇s school as well. After returning home the Russian researchers created works on the history and culture of ancient Egypt, lecturedon Egyptology in universities. As a result, Russian schools of Egyptology were founded by B. Turayev and V. Struve, the members of which proceeded to work on the history of Egypt and Ancient Orient, transferring their knowledge to the next generation.
文摘Chinese traditional architectural paintings are more drawn to the interior and exterior painting walls, canopies, beams, Fang, stigma, brackets and interior ceilings, caisson, the architectural art of building components were processed and formed their rich colors, making the Chinese ancient architecture even more magnificent. It has two kinds of practical effects, one is to decorate building, and the second is to protect the individual masonry wood components and parts them from wind and rain erosion. In other words, functional and aesthetic painting set in one. Most Chinese ancient buildings are wooden structures, for aesthetics and durability wooden structural parts, are generally required to cover color to paint the cover, so the Chinese ancient buildings, whether internal walls, ceiling, doors, windows, roofs, etc. are painted with colors, sculpturing patterns and patterns to enhance the expressive power of art architecture, it can be said that the ancient Chinese architecture buildings are colorized architecture. From afar to go, the overall color of ancient Chinese architecture makes people＇ s hearts worship must be generated by the primary function of psychological respected. Ancient architectural decoration can be summarized into three categories： gold, color ornaments and carvings, color ornaments which include brush color decoration ornaments, painting and murals are as one of the three categories, the color was given such a high mission in the world, yet there are no countries can be comparable with it, the reason is not just the appearance of color can achieve architectural beauty, but also to show people＇ s color sustenance and beliefs in a certain extent. Ancient architectural sculpture was created by people in the production practice activities, and it is a product of the interaction between material and spiritual civilization and has a very high social value and artistic value. It carries historical and cultural information, expresses people＇ s spiritual and cultural pursuits and beliefs and through different art forms, reflects the beauty of different materials, expresses a different artistic content.
基金Project(XN2014119) supported by Northeast Petroleum University Cultivation Foundation of ChinaProject(U1262106) supported by the National Natural Science Joint Foundation of China
文摘Subei-Huainan in the southeastern margin of the North China platform is a key area of convergence of China’s north-south stratigraphic correlation of Neoproterozoic.Due to the lack of fossils,the Neoproterozoic stratigraphic correlation is still a difficulty in this area.The division of Neoproterozoic strata and the establishment of the correlation framework of the stratigraphic sequences have been done through recognizing the regularity of meter-scale cycles by measuring the outcrop of Neoproterozoic strata and using the Fischer diagram and the sea-level curve of transgressive-regressive by the maximum flooding sedimentary and molar teeth carbonate sedimentary.The maximum flooding sedimentary which becomes cycle sequence comparison of sign is isochronous in the same basin and is a key of cycle sequence comparison although paleogeographic environment and sedimentary sequence may be different in the sedimentary strata of the same geologic time.Molars carbonates,having specific geological distrution time and depositional environment and mainly developing in the ramp environment of the platform edge in the 1500-650 Ma,are the new symbol of the stratigraphic correlation in the Neoproterozoic.Because of the missing of the fossil record,the maximum flooding and the molar-teeth carbonate sedimentary,as the new research ideas,are used in stratigraphic division and correlation.
