Relationships between bird communities and vegetation structure in Honghuaerji, northern Inner Mongolia

The survey on bird communities was conducted by the belt-style method in six different sample plots in the Honghua抏rji Forests area in the northern Inner Mongolia in June 2001 and totally 28 bird species were recorded. Vegetation investigation was carried out in five 10 m×10 m quadrats at each plot. The asymptotic regression function formulae were adopted to identify the relationships between the vegetation coverage and the numbers of bird species and individuals. The analytical results showed that the changes of species number and density of bird as well as the formation of bird communities follow the changes of forest type and the total foliage. Both the number of bird species and their density decreased with the de-crease of total foliage. The similarity of bird community was very low at the breeding time. In the same classification of cluster, no similarity was higher than 0.65, which indicated that the composition of species had a great difference between all the bird communities. The bird breeding density was closely related to forest growth stage. From the bare grassland ecosystem to cli-max ecosystem, the density of bird species showed a gradually increasing trend.

Storage of biomass and net primary productivity in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia, China

Biomass and net primary productivity （NPP） are two important parameters in determining ecosystem carbon pool and carbon sequestration. The biomass storage and NPP in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau were investigated with method of harvesting standard size shrub in the growing season （June-October） of 2006. Results indicated that above- and belowground biomass of the same size shrubs showed no significant variation in the growing season （p〉0.1）, but annual biomass varied significantly （p〈 0.01）. In the A. ordosica community, shrub biomass storage was 699.76-1246.40 g.m^-2 and annual aboveground NPP was 224.09 g-m^-2·a^-1. Moreover, shrub biomass and NPP were closely related with shrub dimensions （cover and height） and could be well predicted by shrub volume using power regression.

法国南特祖代种鸭落户山东

日前,山东中发鸭业有限公司与法国奥尔维亚—古尔蒙选育种公司合作签字仪式在潍坊金茂大厦举行。法国奥尔维亚—古尔蒙选育种公司董事长伯努瓦·古尔蒙先生出席签字仪式并签字。昌邑市是家禽养殖大市,家禽年出栏量5000多万只,并形成了从饲料加工、种禽繁育、家禽饲养、屠宰加工。

磨坊的记忆

磨坊是古老的生产和生活用具,据考证在新疆也有约两千年的历史。浩瀚无垠的疆域,因了冰山雪水的造化所汇成的漫滩之水和溪流,得以生命的培育,而磨坊则应运而生,时代发展,历史变迁,但在新疆乡村水畔垄间,至今,都可以发现百年的磨坊,各具形态,保留着原始的生态,是一种历史文明的表现。都市里的孩子,是缺少对磨坊深刻的记忆的。他们大半是借助了旅游、影视和书本等,对磨坊有了粗浅的印象。而印象中,人力石磨坊无疑是主角。

Preview of the No.1148 Ramsar Site on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia

The Taolimiao-Alashan Nur (T-A Nur), of about 10 km2 a brackish lake located on the Ordos upland of western Inner Mongolia, northern China, used to

Study on Tourism Spatial Distribution in Bortala

Tourism spatial distribution has played an important role in local tourism development.The tourism function and development direction can be determined,as well as the complementary resources can be realized through investigating the status of tourism in the region,identifying the status of tourism development and division of the tourism spatial distribution.The Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang Bortala has been selected as a study area.Status of tourism development,tourism spatial distribution and some problem in Bortala were summarized.Finally,countermeasures were put forward pertinently.

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of rhyolitic lithic-crystal tuffs in Erdaohezi lead-zinc deposit,Inner Mongolia

Erdaohezi lead-zinc deposit belongs to the Derbugan metallogenic belt lying on the northwestern Hailaer-Genhe Mesozoic volcanic basin, located on the western slope of the Da Hinggan Mountains. The deposit is considered as one of the hypabyssal low-temprature hydrothermal lead-zinc deposits associated with volca- nism. In order to lay the foundation on studying its diagenesis and mineralization ages, the detailed studies were carried out by dating the host rocks （i. e. rhyolitic lithic-crystal tufts） using zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb method. The dating results show three groups ot! ages. The first group is the captured zircons （the weighted mean ^206pb/238U age as 175.6± 2.3 Ma, MSWD = 0.70, n = 3）. The second group can be regarded as the rock- forming age （the weighted mean ^206pb/238U age as 165.3± 1.9 Ma, MSWD = 2.40, n = 14）. The third group should represent the late stage of the magmatic evolution （the weighted mean ^206pb/238U age as 161.0 ± 3.1 Ma, MSWD = 0.86, n = 4）. According to the ages and the crystal form or CL image characteristics of zircons, it is determined that the diagenesis occurred in the late Middle Jurassic. Based on the regional geology and geo- chronological research, the acidic pyroclastic rocks are space accompaniment and time connection with the Tamu- langou Formation intermediate-mafic volcanic rocks. Both of them constitute the host rocks of the deposit together. The rock combination also provides favorable conditions for large-scale silver, lead and zinc mineralization in this area.

Coal petrology and facies of No.6 coal of the Haerwusu Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia

This paper discussed the petrological characteristics and coal facies of No.6 coal seam from the Haerwusu Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia by using of coal petrology and geochemistry. No.6 coal facies can be divided into 3 types, arid forest peat swamp （including two subfacies） and reed peat swamp, respectively. From bottom to top, the development of peat swamps present wavy changes, and three coal facies types appear alternately, with obvious thyme. According to the parameters, 11 secondary sequences were identified of the peat swamps of No.6 coal seam. The results indicate that the mire formed in brackish water-fresh water weak regression environment, changed in excess oxygen and poor oxygen, and reflected the characteristics of transition phase.

Vegetation Traits and Soil Properties in Response to Utilization Patterns of Grassland in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia, China

Numerous studies have focused on vegetation traits and soil properties in grassland, few of which concerned about effects of human utilization patterns on grassland yet. Thus, this study hypothesized that human disturbance(e.g., grazing, mowing and fencing) triggered significant variation of biomass partitioning and carbon reallocation. Besides, there existed some differences of species diversity and soil fertility. To address these hypotheses of grassland with diverse utilization patterns in Hulun Buir City, Inner Mongolia, China, we sampled in situ about aboveground biomass(AGB) and belowground biomass(BGB) to evaluate their biomass allocation. Species diversity and soil properties were also investigated. Subsequently, we discussed the relationship of species diversity with environmental conditions, using data collected from 23 sites during the ecological project period of Returning Grazing Lands to Grasslands(RGLG) program. The results were as follows: 1) both AGB and BGB were lower on grazing regime than those on fencing and mowing, but the ratio of root-to-shoot(R/S) was higher on grazing regime than the other two utilization patterns; 2) neither of evenness and Simpson Index was different significantly among all grassland utilization patterns in desert, typical, and meadow grassland at 0.05. In meadow grassland, species richness of fencing pattern was significantly higher than that of grazing pattern(p < 0.05); 3) both of soil organic carbon content and soil available phosphorous content were increased significantly on fencing pattern than grazing pattern(p < 0.05) in desert grassland, and mowing patterns increased the soil nutrients(soil organic carbon, soil total phosphorous, soil available phosphorous, and soil total nitrogen) significantly compared with grazing patterns(p < 0.05) in typical grassland. However, there were no significant differences among utilization patterns in meadow grassland. In conclusion, both of AGB and BGB were increased significantly by fencing. Moreover, species diversity and soil nutrients can be promoted via mowing and fencing. This study suggested that implementation of Ecological Project played a positive role in sustainable grassland utilization of Hulun Buir City and a strong positive influence on the entire temperate grassland.

明天的花园

法国后期象征主义诗坛的领袖古尔蒙写过诗歌《园子》:"西茉纳,八月的园子是芬芳、丰满而温柔的?……这里是从耶路撒冷来的葫芦……我们的园子是丰满而温柔的……人们闻到百里香和茴香的气味,我们的园子是丰满而温柔的。"经济急速膨胀,工作纷至沓来,都市生活与"园子"渐行渐远。

Distribution, occurrence and enrichment causes of gallium in coals from the Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia

We collected eleven bench samples of No. 6 coal from the Heidaigou Surface Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia, China, and four samples from the affiliated coal preparation plant. Based on these samples, we used inductively coupled-plasma mass spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer techniques, and borehole exploration data, to investigate the distribution, occurrence and enrichment causes of gallium （Ga） in the coals. Our results show： （1） Gallium is significantly enriched in the coal seams from the study area, with an average content of 18.8-26.0 ppm. Gallium is distributed heterogeneously in the coals, and reaches ore-forming scales only in No. 6 coal of Heidaigou Surface Mine, not in the other mining districts of Jungar Coalfield. （2） On the horizontal plane, Ga is enriched in the main minable coals from the northern and middle part of the coalfield. In the vertical profile, Ga content in the coal seams is higher at the base of Taiyuan Formation （Nos. 8 and 9） and Shanxi Formation （Nos. 3 and 4） than at the top of the Taiyuan Formation. Within the identical coal seam, Ga content is higher in the benches near the roof and floor than in the middle section. （3） Gallium in the coals is associated mainly with kaolinite and boehmite. Additionally, Ga may be adsorbed to some extent by humic acid, resulting in a high level in weathering coal. （4） Geological factors affect Ga enrichment in coal, such as the prop- erty of parent rocks in the source area, the sedimentary environment, organic matter, structure, and past magmatic hydrothermal activity. Especially, Ga content in parent rocks plays a leading role. （5） The mobility and precipitation of trace elements like Ga are controlled principally by the geochemical behavior of the major element A1. Terrestrial and transgressive environments can cause the precipitation of bauxite, whereas marine-continental depositional environments may cause the separation of Ga from A1. In addition, Ga may migrate in the form of gas tively enriched in high-volatile coal. and may be affected by the ground temperature. Thus, it is relatively enriched in high-volatile coal.