法的安定性与国家治理——从济南老火车站被拆谈起

最近我到济南为山东省有关领导干部作法治报告,发现不少人私下表露出对济南老火车站被拆的惋惜。济南老火车站是指“津浦铁路济南站”,由德国著名建筑师赫尔曼·菲舍尔设计,1992年被拆除。济南老火车站当初不该拆,但拆了也不必重建。我们要记住的是教训,要树立的是新理念,这一理念与法的安定性有关。法的安定性是以自然法为基础的一项法治原则。

Global Classical Solutions of Inhomogeneous Quasilinear Hyperbolic Systems

In this paper,we consider a kind of quasilinear hyperbolic systems with inhomogeneous terms satisfying dissipative condition or matching condition.For the Cauchy problem of this kind of systems,we prove that,if the initial data is small and satisfies some decay condition,and the system is weakly linearly degenerate,then the Cauchy problem admits a unique global classical solution on t ≥ 0.

Photogrammetry - Remote Sensing on the Study of Monuments and Historical Centers： The Effect of Hazards -The Case of Delphi Historical Center

Monuments and historical centers, because of their particular importance, are studied in multiple ways. The study concerns different scientific disciplines and technology. Photogrammetry and remote sensing contribute essentially to this study, because of the valuable qualitative and quantitative information they offer. In this paper we search through the possibilities of very high resolution satellite imagery on historical centers study, referring to Delphi historical center. The study concerns image enhancement techniques and visual interpretation of Ikonos satellite imagery. Image enhancement techniques facilitate visual interpretation, detection and recognition, of the physiognomy and spatial arrangement of Delphi historical center and offer information about physical and architectural features in the wide area of the historical center.

Growth of Scotch Pine （Pinus sylvestris L.） Plantation in Northern Mongolia

The growth of Scotch pine in Northem Mongolian plantations was studied to determine variation in heights, diameters at breast height （DBH）, and main and annual volume increment of stem volumes in relation to plantation age. The study was conducted in the Tujyin Nars region, where six plantations ranging from 9 to 25 years old were selected for the assessment. Results indicate that the growth of Scotch pine on the plantations did not vary by site, and that more intensive annual increment in height was observed on Scotch pine plantations between the ages of 8 to 15 years. The amount of annual height increment and radial growth improves regularly up to 9 to 11 years of age and then the intensity of annual increment declines due to competition for light and nutrients. Additionally, there was a reduction in the number of trees per ha. Results suggest that it is necessary to implement forestry thinning which aimed at improving growth of Scotch pine on the plantations because intensity of annual increment in height and diameter reduces regularly due to restriction of growing condition.

Characteristics of Momentum and Heat Transfer over Semiarid Grasslands with Different Grazing Intensities in Inner Mongolia,China

The drag coefficient （Ca） and heat transfer coefficient （Ch） with the bulk transfer scheme are usually used to calculate the momentum and heat fluxes in meteorological models. The aerodynamic roughness length （z0m） and thermal roughness length （z0h） are two crucial parameters for bulk transfer equations. To improve the meteorological models, the seasonal and interannual variations of Z0m, Z0h, coefficient kB-1, Cd, and Ch were investigated based on eddy covariance data over different grazed semiarid grasslands of Inner Mongolia during the growing seasons （May to September） from 2005 to 2008. For an ungrazed Leymus chinensis grassland （ungrazed since 1979）, Z0m and z0h had significant seasonal and in- terannual variations. Zorn was affected by the amount and distribution of rainfall, kB 1 exhibited a relatively negative variation compared with z0h, which indicates that the seasonal variation of z0h cannot be described by kB 1. To parameterize Zorn and z0h, the linear regressions between ln（z0m）, ln（z0h）, and the leaf area index （LAI） were performed with R2=0.71 and 0.83. The monthly average kB-1 was found to decrease linearly with LAI. The four-year averaged values of Ca and Ch were 4.5 × 10^-3 and 3.9× 10^-3, respectively. The monthly average Cd only varied by 8% while the variation of Ch was 18%, which reflects the dif- ferent impacts of dead vegetation on momentum and heat transfer at this natural grassland. Moreover, with the removal of vegetation cover, grazing intensities reduced Z0m, Z0h, Cd, and Ch.

Features of the M7.9 Earthquake in the Russia-Mongolia-China Boundary Region

At 19:33 p.m on September 27, 2003, an earthquake with M7.9 occurred in the Russia-Mongolia-China boundary Region. It was strongly felt in the Altay region of Xinjiang. The losses caused by the earthquake was 76 million yuan (RMB). Some information about the earthquake was outlined, including basic parameters, focal mechanism, evaluation of earthquake disaster losses and so on. The satellite remote sensing information worked initial analysis for deformation of ground and failure phenomenon.

我的名字叫“差生”

讲述李岩的故事需要勇气,因为我无法做到心平气和。他的沉沦与奋起,他的烦恼与欢喜,人们很难体会,当然也很难理解。但他的故事是真实的,像撕碎的纸无法复原那样,真实得让人不愿意相信。父母离婚,尖子生迅速沉沦三年前,李岩上初二,因学习成绩迅速下滑,经校方介绍找到我做心理辅导。刚见面,我问他叫什么,他说他叫"差生",没好气的表情,还死活不肯落座,好像随时准备离开似的。

Effects of Grazing Intensity on Soil Water Regime and Flux in Inner Mongolia Grassland,China

In the past few decades, the increase in grazing intensity has led to soil degradation and desertification in Inner Mongolia grassland, China, due to population growth and shift in the socio-economic system. Two sites with different grazing intensities, continuous grazing site （CG） with 1.2 sheep ha-1 year-1 and heavy grazing site （HG） with 2.0 sheep ha-1 year-1, were investigated at the Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station （43° 37′ 50″ N, 116° 42′ 18″ E） situated in the northern China to i） characterize the temporal distribution of soil water content along soil profile; and ii） quantify the water fluxes as affected by grazing intensity. Soil water content was monitored by time domain refiectometry （TDR） probes. Soil water retention curves were determined by pressure membrane extractor, furthermore processed by RETC （RETention Curve） software. Soil matric potential, plant available water and water flux were calculated using these data. Both sites showed an identical seasonal soil water dynamics within four defined hydraulic periods： i） wetting transition coincided with a dramatic water increase due to snow and frozen soil thawing from March to April; 2） wet summer, rainfall in accordance with plant growth from May to September; 3） drying transition, a decrease of soil water from October to November due to rainfall limit; and 4） dry winter, freezing from December to next February. Heavy grazing largely reduced soil water content by 43%-48% and plant available water by 46%-61% as compared to the CG site. During growing season net water flux was nearly similar between HG （242 mm） and CG （223 mm） sites between 5 and 20 cm depths. However, between 20 and 40 cm depths, the upward flux was more pronounced at HG site than at CG site, indicating that water was depleted by root uptake at HG site but stored at CG site. In semi-arid grassland ecosystem, grazing intensity can affect soil water regime and flux, particularly in the growing season.

Quantitative Analysis on Measure Results by Resistograh for Wood Decay of Ancient Architecture

The air-dried density, bending strength (MOR) and compressive strength parallel to grain of different grades of rotten wood were measured with test specimens of 100-130 year-old larch (Larix sp.) collected in Wu Ying Dian, the Forbidden City. In addition, the MOR of specimens was measured by Resistograph and the correlations were analyzed between resistance value and mechanical properties of wood. The correlations are significant for quantitative evaluation of wood structural condition by Resistograph. The results showed that wood air-dried density, strength properties and resistance values decreased significantly with the increase of decay degree, and there were remarkable differences among various grades of wood. Based on the rotten degree, the attenuation rate is in the following order: MOR> compressive strength parallel to grain > air-dried wood density > resistance value, and the above 4 indexes were 32%, 53%, 73% and 74% of those of intact wood, respectively, when the degree of rotten wood reached grade 3. Significant positive correlation at 0.01 level was showed between the wave trough values and wood air-dried density, MOR, compressive strength parallel to grain. The correlations between the wave peak values and the average value and air-dried wood density, MOR reached 0.01 level, and the correlations between the wave peak values and the average value and compressive strength parallel to grain reached 0.05 level. Based on the correlation between resistance value and physico-mechanical properties of wood, the values could be analyzed quantitatively.