浅谈古法语的绝对宾格形式——从街道命名规则说起

法语的街道命名问题易为人忽略,然而在实际语言使用中,该问题却颇为棘手。其实,街道命名规则很大程度上是古法语绝对宾格的“化石”残留。掌握一些古法语名词形态学常识有助于对相关规则的理解。本文以街道命名规则为契机,对古法语的绝对宾格形式进行了一番梳理,结果发现,不仅街道命名规则受古法语绝对宾格形式的影响,而且该形式还是现代法语中其他一些语法现象的根源所在。

古法语《圣格列高利传》:从乱伦到成圣

《圣格列高利传》是古法语叙事诗里圣徒传记文类较早的作品,出现于基督教文学首次采用乱伦主题作为宣传教义的12世纪,对后世整个欧洲文学曾经产生过不小的影响,但从未被中西学者所重视。本文首次从文学的角度探讨其最早之写本,先介绍古法语叙事诗里圣人传记文类,再从西方中世纪文学里的乱伦主题探讨诗的内容与叙事手法,注重其叙述世俗经验的文学层面,并与其衍生的中古德语诗人哈特曼·冯·奥的《格列高利》做比较,从世俗批评的角度论述这首诗的宗教与世俗意义。

缪萨尔和伯桑——《列那狐传奇》中学识法的两张面孔

古法语《列那狐传奇》中的两个动物形象——缪萨尔和伯桑——代表着学识法对狮王诺布勒法庭的影响。它们也是分析这种影响的渠道及其接受的关键。缪萨尔是为国王提供法律咨询的教皇特使,语言古怪、扭曲、难以理解,反映的是学识法传播过程中与本土法律观念格格不入的异国侧面。伯桑则以自然的法语坚持正当程序的重要性,意在改造以复仇意志为基础的既有的正义观念。通过转置这两种动物的象征意义,叙事者揭露了学识法付诸实践对封建政治社会结构的扭曲力。

A brief analysis of the classical poetry Chinese-English translation： From the perspective of ＂Beauty in three aspects＂

With the growing of mutual communication between different cultures, the translation of classical Chinese poetry becomes quite significant in the contemporary times. This paper first briefly introduces classical Chinese poetry, major classical Chinese poetry translation schools and their representatives, and professor XU Yuan-zhong＇s famous principle of ＂Beauty in three aspects＂. In order to help disseminate this part of Chinese culture through discussing how the reader of the translation may be inspired, moved and aesthetically entertained in the same way as one reads the original, this paper will analyze the classical poetry Chinese-English translation from the perspective of ＂Beauty in three aspects＂, namely, in three parts--beauty in meaning, beauty in sound and beauty in form. Thus, it serves the purpose to offer a relatively comprehensive view of the classical poetry Chinese-English translation.