Through the Pearl River Estuary Wan Qing-sha W2 core AMS 14^C dating of sediments, combining with paleomagnetic test, pollen analysis, and comprehensive comparison with other relevant records, the regional framework o...Through the Pearl River Estuary Wan Qing-sha W2 core AMS 14^C dating of sediments, combining with paleomagnetic test, pollen analysis, and comprehensive comparison with other relevant records, the regional framework of Holocene age was established. Using the combined feature grain size and magnetic susceptibility proxies for the environment, climate change information in the area since about 6 000 cal yr BP was obtained. The result showed the area since the middle Holocene had experienced three stages climate changes of warm and dry - cool and wet temperature and humidity South area of China in the late Holocene climate （especially rainfall） had important changes, corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere solar radiation reducing, air temperature decreasing, Asian monsoon weakening, and it had close ties with activities to strengthen El Nino - Southern Oscillation events.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the ploidy of Chinese old roses and their progenies. [Method] The ploidy level of 38 roses was examined by the flow cytometry. [Result] The four Chinese old roses that influence...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the ploidy of Chinese old roses and their progenies. [Method] The ploidy level of 38 roses was examined by the flow cytometry. [Result] The four Chinese old roses that influenced breeding of mod- ern roses were diploid. Since the progenies of these Chinese old roses crossed with the tetraploid European old roses were almost tetraploid, it is probable that the pro- genies were arisen by the unreduced gametes of the Chinese old roses. Other Chi- nese old roses analysed were triploid, it was presumed that triploids and diploids were intermingled in China of the 1700s and the plant hunters preferred the more fertile Chinese old roses to be introduced to Europe. Sixteen hybrids of Chinese old rose originated in China consisted of six diploids, five triploids and five tetraploids. [Conclusion] Although these diploid Chinese roses might be the progeny brought by crossing among only Chinese old roses, it was considered that triploids and tetraploids have been arisen by crossing between European old roses and Chinese old rose.展开更多
A review was conducted on the environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research since the 1980s in the Yangtze Delta. Former environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research results ...A review was conducted on the environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research since the 1980s in the Yangtze Delta. Former environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research results can be summed up into 4 aspects： 1） Formation and evolution of the Taihu Lake; 2） Transgression and sea-level changes in the Holocene epoch; 3） Reconstruction of the pre-historical environment; and 4） Impacts of environmental variations on the rise and fall of human civilization （formation of the cultural interruptions）. Based on this review, some limitations in the present research methods and possible outcomes are pointed out in this paper.展开更多
A dipole pattern of summer precipitation over the mid-high latitudes of Asia, which is characterized by opposing summer precipitation variations between the Mongolian and Northeast China(MNC) region and the West Siber...A dipole pattern of summer precipitation over the mid-high latitudes of Asia, which is characterized by opposing summer precipitation variations between the Mongolian and Northeast China(MNC) region and the West Siberian Plain(WSP), is found to be clear and stable on both interdecadal and interannual scales during 1981–2011. Spring snow cover anomalies over a small region within the WSP and the Heilongjiang River(HR) region are closely related to the variation of this dipole mode during the subsequent summer, and they can therefore be considered as forecasting factors. Our statistical results imply a potential process explaining the relationship between the spring snow anomalies and the summer rainfall dipole. Corresponding to the snow anomalies, Rossby waves propagate along a path from the WSP region, via the Mongolian Plateau, to the Stanovoy Range during summer. At the same time, Rossby-wave energy divergences and convergences along this path maintain and reinforce an anomalous cyclone and anticyclone pairing over the Asian continent, which is significantly linked to opposite summer precipitation anomalies between the MNC and WSP regions. Numerical experiments are needed to further confirm the above conjecture and demonstrate the detailed physical mechanisms linking the spring snow cover anomalies and summer precipitation dipole.展开更多
Since the time of the rainy Holocene, there have been periods of consecutive rain and drought on Egypt. Study of carbon 14 in the long-lived coniferous tree rings could see activity in the sun （spots and solar flares...Since the time of the rainy Holocene, there have been periods of consecutive rain and drought on Egypt. Study of carbon 14 in the long-lived coniferous tree rings could see activity in the sun （spots and solar flares） during eleven years cycle, as well as knowledge of possible flooding of the Nile and the periods of increase and decrease of the extent necessary to meet the soil around Lake Qarun in Fayoum-Egypt. From historical records in ancient Egypt and Muslim countries, the possible link between periods of the disappearance of sunspots on the solar disc for several years and is known to inch lower level and role of the minimum level of Mandour creeping ice on Southern Europe to the Mediterranean Sea, and the offset of the drought in North Africa and the Sahel region of Africa during the last thousand years. Analyzed pollen fossils of the overlapped layers of soil in two areas of the Delta were Avaris in Sharkiya Province and Mendes in Dakahliya Province. The study pointed out that there are differences due to environmental conditions, demonstrated by the analysis of soil pH, increased electrical connectivity also, the evidence of sulfates and chlorides indicate high salinity of Mendes and Avaris. Also the analysis of fossil pollen of successive layers of soil for both regions resulted in findings of fossil pollen of the species Chenopodiaceae by 51.2%, in Mendes, while, 7% in the Avaris. This is strong evidence of the existence conditions of salt in Mendes than Avaris archaeological sites.展开更多
Through a sampling analysis of trace elements and REE in the section of Middle Permian Zhesi Formation in Solon area of Inner Mongolia,it is found that the overall sandstone and mudstone samples are characterized by L...Through a sampling analysis of trace elements and REE in the section of Middle Permian Zhesi Formation in Solon area of Inner Mongolia,it is found that the overall sandstone and mudstone samples are characterized by LREE-enrichment. By analysis of the discriminant index of the sedimentary environment,the tectonic setting of Zhesi Formation is determined to be a continental island arc environment. Meanwhile,according to the sedimentary structure and lithology combination,Zhesi Formation is divided into the neritic-bathyal retention-reduction environment as well as the delta front and prodelta sedimentary systems.展开更多
African artists demonstrate social commitment and sensibility in various ways as they create works that both sensitise and conscientise people in their milieu. Although ecocriticism itself is a relatively new theory, ...African artists demonstrate social commitment and sensibility in various ways as they create works that both sensitise and conscientise people in their milieu. Although ecocriticism itself is a relatively new theory, African artists have been preoccupied with issues bothering around environment in order to protect and preserve it. ljala genre has been studied by different scholars such as Babalola S. A. （1966）, Olukoju E. O. （1978） and Alagbe ＇Sayo （2007） from diverse perspectives; however, its ecocritical relevance has not been investigated. It is in view of the foregoing that this paper carries out an ecocritical reading of ljala chant： an example of Ogundare Foyanmu＇s selected ljala chant. The paper aims at establishing environmental consciousness in the work of this oral artist. It is observed that though ecocritical theory itself is new in African literature, African artists have shown commitment towards environmental protection in their works from time immemorial. Foyanmu conscientises the people to desist from sneeringly underrating the effect of water hazard. The paper, therefore, has no doubt, established that the subject ofljala genre is not in any way limited to hunting or hunters＇ life. It is also used to address other relevant socio-political and economic issues展开更多
There is the question--can we hope that humanism and erudition can redevelop nowadays？ In the long history of humanistic inheritance, from ancient times till the end of the 18th century, there was obvious decadence o...There is the question--can we hope that humanism and erudition can redevelop nowadays？ In the long history of humanistic inheritance, from ancient times till the end of the 18th century, there was obvious decadence of essential humanistic points. As the historial period, humanism means revival of classical culture, and as a specific culturological phenomenon, it means erudite education created by Hellens and developed by Romans, who recovered ＂humanitas＂ as global education. Italy was the first who helped humanists to contemplate on classical culture; and in post-medieval age, Italian humanists achieved a supreme measure of humanism through their ＂humanistic studies.＂ We will try to point out good achievements of humanism erudite education in European culture in later epochs. Humanism leads man to turn over to world--after medieval stricture--and it becomes self-conscious revolution, what we can see in Latin literature till the 18th century. Rise of individualism, development of libraries and humanistic academies give chance to latin tradition in European literature as universal discipline, including erudite education in international corpus （Ragusa also）. High-intellectual and latinized elites with humanistic state of mind develop complex spiritual inteligency with science requests in later epochs too. We will try to explain in which degree humanism, with its synthetic point of view, influences on later corpus of European literary themes and how great its actuallity is nowdays.展开更多
文摘Through the Pearl River Estuary Wan Qing-sha W2 core AMS 14^C dating of sediments, combining with paleomagnetic test, pollen analysis, and comprehensive comparison with other relevant records, the regional framework of Holocene age was established. Using the combined feature grain size and magnetic susceptibility proxies for the environment, climate change information in the area since about 6 000 cal yr BP was obtained. The result showed the area since the middle Holocene had experienced three stages climate changes of warm and dry - cool and wet temperature and humidity South area of China in the late Holocene climate （especially rainfall） had important changes, corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere solar radiation reducing, air temperature decreasing, Asian monsoon weakening, and it had close ties with activities to strengthen El Nino - Southern Oscillation events.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the ploidy of Chinese old roses and their progenies. [Method] The ploidy level of 38 roses was examined by the flow cytometry. [Result] The four Chinese old roses that influenced breeding of mod- ern roses were diploid. Since the progenies of these Chinese old roses crossed with the tetraploid European old roses were almost tetraploid, it is probable that the pro- genies were arisen by the unreduced gametes of the Chinese old roses. Other Chi- nese old roses analysed were triploid, it was presumed that triploids and diploids were intermingled in China of the 1700s and the plant hunters preferred the more fertile Chinese old roses to be introduced to Europe. Sixteen hybrids of Chinese old rose originated in China consisted of six diploids, five triploids and five tetraploids. [Conclusion] Although these diploid Chinese roses might be the progeny brought by crossing among only Chinese old roses, it was considered that triploids and tetraploids have been arisen by crossing between European old roses and Chinese old rose.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.4040.1006）.
文摘A review was conducted on the environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research since the 1980s in the Yangtze Delta. Former environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research results can be summed up into 4 aspects： 1） Formation and evolution of the Taihu Lake; 2） Transgression and sea-level changes in the Holocene epoch; 3） Reconstruction of the pre-historical environment; and 4） Impacts of environmental variations on the rise and fall of human civilization （formation of the cultural interruptions）. Based on this review, some limitations in the present research methods and possible outcomes are pointed out in this paper.
基金the joint support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41375090)the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (Grant No. 2013Z002)the International Cooperation and Exchange of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2009DFA21430)
文摘A dipole pattern of summer precipitation over the mid-high latitudes of Asia, which is characterized by opposing summer precipitation variations between the Mongolian and Northeast China(MNC) region and the West Siberian Plain(WSP), is found to be clear and stable on both interdecadal and interannual scales during 1981–2011. Spring snow cover anomalies over a small region within the WSP and the Heilongjiang River(HR) region are closely related to the variation of this dipole mode during the subsequent summer, and they can therefore be considered as forecasting factors. Our statistical results imply a potential process explaining the relationship between the spring snow anomalies and the summer rainfall dipole. Corresponding to the snow anomalies, Rossby waves propagate along a path from the WSP region, via the Mongolian Plateau, to the Stanovoy Range during summer. At the same time, Rossby-wave energy divergences and convergences along this path maintain and reinforce an anomalous cyclone and anticyclone pairing over the Asian continent, which is significantly linked to opposite summer precipitation anomalies between the MNC and WSP regions. Numerical experiments are needed to further confirm the above conjecture and demonstrate the detailed physical mechanisms linking the spring snow cover anomalies and summer precipitation dipole.
文摘Since the time of the rainy Holocene, there have been periods of consecutive rain and drought on Egypt. Study of carbon 14 in the long-lived coniferous tree rings could see activity in the sun （spots and solar flares） during eleven years cycle, as well as knowledge of possible flooding of the Nile and the periods of increase and decrease of the extent necessary to meet the soil around Lake Qarun in Fayoum-Egypt. From historical records in ancient Egypt and Muslim countries, the possible link between periods of the disappearance of sunspots on the solar disc for several years and is known to inch lower level and role of the minimum level of Mandour creeping ice on Southern Europe to the Mediterranean Sea, and the offset of the drought in North Africa and the Sahel region of Africa during the last thousand years. Analyzed pollen fossils of the overlapped layers of soil in two areas of the Delta were Avaris in Sharkiya Province and Mendes in Dakahliya Province. The study pointed out that there are differences due to environmental conditions, demonstrated by the analysis of soil pH, increased electrical connectivity also, the evidence of sulfates and chlorides indicate high salinity of Mendes and Avaris. Also the analysis of fossil pollen of successive layers of soil for both regions resulted in findings of fossil pollen of the species Chenopodiaceae by 51.2%, in Mendes, while, 7% in the Avaris. This is strong evidence of the existence conditions of salt in Mendes than Avaris archaeological sites.
文摘Through a sampling analysis of trace elements and REE in the section of Middle Permian Zhesi Formation in Solon area of Inner Mongolia,it is found that the overall sandstone and mudstone samples are characterized by LREE-enrichment. By analysis of the discriminant index of the sedimentary environment,the tectonic setting of Zhesi Formation is determined to be a continental island arc environment. Meanwhile,according to the sedimentary structure and lithology combination,Zhesi Formation is divided into the neritic-bathyal retention-reduction environment as well as the delta front and prodelta sedimentary systems.
文摘African artists demonstrate social commitment and sensibility in various ways as they create works that both sensitise and conscientise people in their milieu. Although ecocriticism itself is a relatively new theory, African artists have been preoccupied with issues bothering around environment in order to protect and preserve it. ljala genre has been studied by different scholars such as Babalola S. A. （1966）, Olukoju E. O. （1978） and Alagbe ＇Sayo （2007） from diverse perspectives; however, its ecocritical relevance has not been investigated. It is in view of the foregoing that this paper carries out an ecocritical reading of ljala chant： an example of Ogundare Foyanmu＇s selected ljala chant. The paper aims at establishing environmental consciousness in the work of this oral artist. It is observed that though ecocritical theory itself is new in African literature, African artists have shown commitment towards environmental protection in their works from time immemorial. Foyanmu conscientises the people to desist from sneeringly underrating the effect of water hazard. The paper, therefore, has no doubt, established that the subject ofljala genre is not in any way limited to hunting or hunters＇ life. It is also used to address other relevant socio-political and economic issues
文摘There is the question--can we hope that humanism and erudition can redevelop nowadays？ In the long history of humanistic inheritance, from ancient times till the end of the 18th century, there was obvious decadence of essential humanistic points. As the historial period, humanism means revival of classical culture, and as a specific culturological phenomenon, it means erudite education created by Hellens and developed by Romans, who recovered ＂humanitas＂ as global education. Italy was the first who helped humanists to contemplate on classical culture; and in post-medieval age, Italian humanists achieved a supreme measure of humanism through their ＂humanistic studies.＂ We will try to point out good achievements of humanism erudite education in European culture in later epochs. Humanism leads man to turn over to world--after medieval stricture--and it becomes self-conscious revolution, what we can see in Latin literature till the 18th century. Rise of individualism, development of libraries and humanistic academies give chance to latin tradition in European literature as universal discipline, including erudite education in international corpus （Ragusa also）. High-intellectual and latinized elites with humanistic state of mind develop complex spiritual inteligency with science requests in later epochs too. We will try to explain in which degree humanism, with its synthetic point of view, influences on later corpus of European literary themes and how great its actuallity is nowdays.
