目的观察新型可充气抗休克裤预防蛛网膜下腔阻滞(腰麻)下剖宫产术中低血压的效果。方法选择择期在腰麻下行剖宫产术的单胎足月妊娠产妇97例,年龄18~35岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,孕期>37周。采用随机数字表将产妇分为两组:对照组(n=48)和观察组(...目的观察新型可充气抗休克裤预防蛛网膜下腔阻滞(腰麻)下剖宫产术中低血压的效果。方法选择择期在腰麻下行剖宫产术的单胎足月妊娠产妇97例,年龄18~35岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,孕期>37周。采用随机数字表将产妇分为两组:对照组(n=48)和观察组(n=49)。观察组腰麻后立即穿戴新型可充气抗休克裤,对照组不使用。腰麻后2~30 min每隔2 min测量并记录一次血压,如果术中出现低血压(SBP<基础值的80%),静脉注射去氧肾上腺素100μg。记录术中低血压、高血压、恶心、呕吐、心动过缓的发生情况。记录胎儿娩出时间、新生儿体重以及新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分。结果观察组术中低血压、恶心发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组胎儿娩出时间、新生儿体重以及新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分差异均无统计学意义。结论新型可充气抗休克裤可以降低术中低血压的发生率和血压下降幅度。展开更多
Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the constru...Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts that possess both largely accessible active sites and superior ORR/OER intrinsic activities is challenging.Herein,we report the design and successful preparation of a 3D hierarchically porous graphene framework with interconnected interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores,enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt(pyri-N-Co)active sites,namely,CoFe/3D-NLG.The pyri-N-Co bonding significantly accelerates sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis kinetics,in turn substantially improving the intrinsic ORR/OER activities per active site,while copious interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores enable ultra-efficient mass transfer throughout the graphene architecture,thus ensuring sufficient exposure of accessible pyri-N-Co active sites to the reagents.Such a robust catalyst structure endows CoFe/3D-NLG with a remarkably enhanced reversible oxygen electrocatalysis performance,with the ORR half-wave potential identical to that of the benchmark Pt/C catalyst,and OER activity far surpassing that of the noble-metal-based RuO2 catalyst.Moreover,when employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn-air battery,CoFe/3D-NLG manifests an exceedingly high open-circuit voltage(1.56 V),high peak power density(213 mW cm^(–2)),ultra-low charge/discharge voltage(0.63 V),and excellent charge/discharge cycling stability,outperforming state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts.展开更多
文摘目的观察新型可充气抗休克裤预防蛛网膜下腔阻滞(腰麻)下剖宫产术中低血压的效果。方法选择择期在腰麻下行剖宫产术的单胎足月妊娠产妇97例,年龄18~35岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,孕期>37周。采用随机数字表将产妇分为两组:对照组(n=48)和观察组(n=49)。观察组腰麻后立即穿戴新型可充气抗休克裤,对照组不使用。腰麻后2~30 min每隔2 min测量并记录一次血压,如果术中出现低血压(SBP<基础值的80%),静脉注射去氧肾上腺素100μg。记录术中低血压、高血压、恶心、呕吐、心动过缓的发生情况。记录胎儿娩出时间、新生儿体重以及新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分。结果观察组术中低血压、恶心发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组胎儿娩出时间、新生儿体重以及新生儿1、5 min Apgar评分差异均无统计学意义。结论新型可充气抗休克裤可以降低术中低血压的发生率和血压下降幅度。
文摘Efficient and affordable electrocatalysts for reversible oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR and OER,respectively)are highly sought-after for use in rechargeable metal-air batteries.However,the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts that possess both largely accessible active sites and superior ORR/OER intrinsic activities is challenging.Herein,we report the design and successful preparation of a 3D hierarchically porous graphene framework with interconnected interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores,enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt(pyri-N-Co)active sites,namely,CoFe/3D-NLG.The pyri-N-Co bonding significantly accelerates sluggish oxygen electrocatalysis kinetics,in turn substantially improving the intrinsic ORR/OER activities per active site,while copious interlayer macropores and in-plane mesopores enable ultra-efficient mass transfer throughout the graphene architecture,thus ensuring sufficient exposure of accessible pyri-N-Co active sites to the reagents.Such a robust catalyst structure endows CoFe/3D-NLG with a remarkably enhanced reversible oxygen electrocatalysis performance,with the ORR half-wave potential identical to that of the benchmark Pt/C catalyst,and OER activity far surpassing that of the noble-metal-based RuO2 catalyst.Moreover,when employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn-air battery,CoFe/3D-NLG manifests an exceedingly high open-circuit voltage(1.56 V),high peak power density(213 mW cm^(–2)),ultra-low charge/discharge voltage(0.63 V),and excellent charge/discharge cycling stability,outperforming state-of-the-art noble-metal electrocatalysts.
