多体量子系统中量子可分态的分类

为了研究多体量子系统中量子态的可分性,利用Bell不等式给出了多体量子可分态的所有分类.这些不等式能分类22222量子系统中所有可能的k-可分量子态,包括全可分、双可分、三可分、四可分.利用推广的Bell算子和真纠缠分类,运用Cauchy-Schwarz不等式、线性规划等方法,给出了Bell算子平均值的绝对值上界,实现了多体可分态的分类.

无限维两体量子系统态的可分性鲁棒和纠缠鲁棒

研究了量子信息理论中无限维两体量子态的可分性鲁棒和纠缠鲁棒问题。利用无限维两体量子系统态的Concurrence纠缠度以及可分态的边缘态的概念,讨论了无限维两体量子态的可分性鲁棒和纠缠鲁棒的定义。得到了可分性鲁棒以及纠缠鲁棒的若干基本性质,推广了有限维两体量子态的相应结果,获得了无限维两体量子系统态的可分性鲁棒和纠缠鲁棒分别为零的等价条件。

一类多量子比特完全可分态的可分表示及应用

可分量子态能够写成乘积态的凸组合.通过可分量子态的可分表达式可以更好地理解量子态的数学结构.给出了一类多量子比特完全可分量子态的可分分解表示.此外,通过该类可分态的完全可分表示得到了一类阶数为2k的正交矩阵.

一类量子比特-垂特态中测量诱导的非经典关联(英文)

采用文献[Luo S L.Using measurement-induced disturbance to characterize correlations as classical or quantum[J].Phys Rev A,2008,77:022301]中提出的测量诱导扰动方法计算了一类2体可分量子比特-垂特关联态中的非经典关联.具体来说,就是利用谱分解技巧来获得每个态中的经典关联,继而得出其中包含的量子关联.经过对这些态中的量子关联的详尽分析,一些独特的性质被展示出来.

量子信道对纠缠鲁棒性的影响

考虑量子信道对多体纠缠鲁棒性的影响.先根据可分态之集为一个凸闭集,证明可以取到纠缠鲁棒性定义中的下确界,再证明同一纠缠态ρ的两个最优态的凸组合仍是最优态,纠缠鲁棒性作为定义态集合上函数是下半连续的;最后,分别给出一个量子信道不增加、不减少及保持所有量子态的纠缠鲁棒性的充分必要条件.

矩阵在量子计算与量子信息中的应用

介绍了量子计算与量子信息中的一些重要的矩阵及其应用,包括密度矩阵、酉矩阵等.

保持算子张量积凸组合的非线性映射

本文给出保持凸组合的可分二体态之间非线性双射的结构性质,证明了此类映射Φ在一定的条件下具有形式Φ(ρσ)=(ST)Ψ(ρσ)(ST)*Tr((ST)Ψ(ρσ)(ST)*).其中,Ψ是恒等映射,或转置,或对第一个张量因子取偏转置,或对第二个张量因子取偏转置,或上述映射与交换映射(swap)的复合。

A Self-organization Mapping Neural Network Algorithm and Its Application to Identify Ecosystem Service Zones

The self-organization mapping （SOM） neural network algorithm is a new method used to identify the ecosystem service zones at regional extent. According to the ecosystem assessment framework of Millennium Ecosystem Assessment （ MA）, this paper develops an indicator system and conducts a spatial cluster analysis at the 1km by I km grid pixel scale with the SOM neural network algorithm to sort the core ecosystem services over the vertical and horizontal dimensions. A case study was carried out in Xilingol League. The ecosystem services in Xilingol League could be divided to six different ecological zones. The SOM neural network algorithm was capable of identifying the similarities among the input data automatically. The research provides both spatially and temporally valuable information targeted sustainable ecosystem management for decision-makers.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Ecological Treatment of Scattered Domestic Wastewater in China

The concept,merits and domestic project examples of ecological disposal technique of dispersal sewage were introduced in detail.It was pointed out that the ecological disposal of dispersal sewage was investment-saved,energy consumption-reduced and ecological balance-protected advanced technology.This technology was suitable for small community,dispersal units and agencies,villages and other regions without pipe network pervaded and an available approach for solving present environment-protection problems and keeping sustainable development in China.

Bioaccessibility of Vanadium from Soil and Mineral Measured by in vitro Model

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the existing forms and bioaccessibility of vanadium（V） from soil and mineral of Panzhihua region.[Method] The representative Xigeda soil and vanadium-titanium magnetite were collected from Panzhihua region to determine the existing forms of vanadium from soil and mineral;in vitro bionic digestion model was established to measure the bioaccessibility of vanadium.[Result] The dissolved concentrations of vanadium from farmland,mining area and vanadium-titanium magnetite in gastric juice were respectively 5.02,9.50 and 3.88 mg/kg,and the bioaccessibility ranged from 0.09% to 3.00%;the dissolved concentrations of vanadium in intestinal juice were respectively 2.98,5.43 and 4.49 mg/kg,and the bioaccessibility ranged from 0.10% to 1.78%.The content of vanadium in various existing forms varied significantly,the contents of vanadium in non-specific adsorption state and specific adsorption state were low,but residual content was completely high,which accounted for 75.06%,95.32% and 86.27% of the total content of vanadium in samples.[Conclusion] Bioaccessibility of dissolved vanadium in gastric juice was higher than that in small intestinal juice.Vanadium from soil and mineral was difficult to generate morphological transformation and migration,which was the main reason for low bioaccessibility.

Change of Ecological Footprint and Analysis of Ecological Sustainability——Taking Zhangjiakou City as an Example

This paper researches the ecological sustainability of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, China, using the ecological footprint model. According to the study we find that Zhangjiakou City was in the situation of ecological deficit from 1990 to 2000 and the deficit had the enlarging tendency. In 1990 the per capita ecological footprint was 0.964 and the per capita ecological capacity was 0.5 l 8, thus it can be calculated that the per capita ecological deficit was 4）.446. However in 2000, the per capita ecological footprint increased to 1.068, at the same time the per capita eco- logical capacity decreased to 0.471, then the per capita ecological deficit in 2000 was 4）.597. Furthermore, this paper studies the ecological sustainability of the city from the changes of the ecological footprint of per 10,000 yuan GDP and the productivity of ecological system. Finally the authors point out the shortage of the model and the way to improve it.

A_4型箭图的可分单态射表示和RSS等价

研究了A4型非线性定向箭图的可分单态射范畴与可分满态射范畴之间的RSS等价。利用组合和表示论的方法显式构造了RSS等价函子及其拟逆,并在A是A2的路代数时给出其Auslander-Reiten箭图。

Indecomposable Representations of the Square—Root Lie Algebras of Vector Type and Their Boson Realizations

The explicit expressions for indecomposable representations of nine square-root Lie algebras of vector type, , are obtained on the space of universal enveloping algebra of two-state Heisenberg–Weyl algebra, the invariant subspaces and the quotient spaces. From Fock representations corresponding to these indecomposable representations, the inhomogeneous boson realizations of are given. The expectation values of in the angular momentum coherent states are calculated as well as the corresponding classical limits.

A Note on Normal Forms of Quantum States and Separability

We study the normal form of multipartite density matrices.It is shown that the correlation matrix(CM)separability criterion can be improved from the normal form we obtained under filtering transformations.Based on CMcriterion the entanglement witness is further constructed in terms of local orthogonal observables for both bipartite andmultipartite systems.

Ecological Network Analysis Quantifying the Sustainability of Regional Economies: A Case Study of Guangdong Province in China

To meet the challenge of sustainable development, sustainability must be made. Ecological network analysis(ENA) was introduced in this paper as an approach to quantitatively measure the growth, development, and sustainability of an economic system. The Guangdong economic networks from 1987 to 2010 were analyzed by applying the ENA approach. Firstly, a currency flow network among economic sectors was constructed to represent the Guangdong economic system by adapting the input-output(I-O) table data. Then, the network indicators from the ENA framework involving the total system throughput(TST), average mutual information(AMI), ascendency(A), redundancy(R) and development capacity(C) were calculated. Lastly, the network indicators were analyzed to acquire the overall features of Guangdong's economic operations during 1987–2010. The results are as follows: the trends of the network indicators show that the size of the Guangdong economic network grows exponentially at a high rate during 1987–2010, whereas its efficiency does not present a clear trend over its whole period. The growth is the main characteristic of the Guangdong economy during 1987–2010, with no clear evidence regarding its development. The quantitative results of the network also confirmed that the growth contributed to a great majority of the Guangdong economy during 1987–2010, whereas the development's contribution was tiny during the same period. The average value of the sustainability indicator(α) of the Guangdong economic network was 0.222 during 1987–2010, which is less than the theoretically optimal value of 0.37 for a sustainable human-influenced system. The results suggest that the Guangdong economic system needs a further autocatalysis to improve its efficiency to support the system maintaining a sustainable evolvement.

Study of Vertical Breakwater Reliability Based on Copulas

The reliability of a vertical breakwater is calculated using direct integration methods based on joint density functions.The horizontal and uplifting wave forces on the vertical breakwater can be well fitted by the lognormal and the Gumbel distributions,respectively.The joint distribution of the horizontal and uplifting wave forces is analyzed using different probabilistic distributions,including the bivariate logistic Gumbel distribution,the bivariate lognormal distribution,and three bivariate Archimedean copulas functions constructed with different marginal distributions simultaneously.We use the fully nested copulas to construct multivariate distributions taking into account related variables.Different goodness fitting tests are carried out to determine the best bivariate copula model for wave forces on a vertical breakwater.We show that a bivariate model constructed by Frank copula gives the best reliability analysis,using marginal distributions of Gumbel and lognormal to account for uplifting pressure and horizontal wave force on a vertical breakwater,respectively.The results show that failure probability of the vertical breakwater calculated by multivariate density function is comparable to those by the Joint Committee on Structural Safety methods.As copulas are suitable for constructing a bivariate or multivariate joint distribution,they have great potential in reliability analysis for other coastal structures.

Urban ecological sustainability assessment of the human-made system and natural system based on emergy and GIS approach

Due to the complexity of sustainable urban research,the environmental sustainability was assessed.Taking the sponge city as an example,the case study was conducted based on the integrated geographic information system(GIS)and emergy methods.The results demonstrate that the emergy of agricultural crops,major industrial products,comprehensive energy products,imports and exports,waste products and increased natural system emergy are the decisive factors for the sustainability assessment.Agricultural crops are the primary contributor,which accounts for 48.9%of the total emergy amount.Urban solid waste has a self-evident superiority in the waste products emergy proportion.Surface water and vegetal biomass emergy possess the pivotal consequences,far higher than soil organic matter.The sewage treatment stations(0.11%)play a small role in the sustainability assessment of the sponge city.The emergy sustainability index is 0.02181,which indicates poor environmental sustainability.According to the study results,increasing renewable energy input proportion and adopting the vegetal biomass of high unit emergy values(UEVs)can improve the sustainability level.

Research on Water Resources Conservation of Mountain River Based on the Concept of Region Partition

Presently concepts and methods related to water resources conservation of mountain rivers are seriously insufficient,and its level is far from being adaptable to the development of a harmonious society.As mountain ecosystems play a key role in water resources conservation of mountain rivers,and the characteristics of mountain ecosystems and hydrologic features of mountain river follow strong temporal and spatial distribution,partition theory can be applied to the water resources conservation of mountain river.This theory observes the following partition principles:regional relativity,spatial continuity,integralcounty,meeting management needs,hierarchical principle,and comparability principle.And it lays equal emphasis on both water resources conservation and environmental protection,on both water quality conservation and water quantity protection,on the combination of water features,water cycle and water pollution.In the partition methods,index method and map superposition method will be applied in region partition.The example of region partition of water resources conservation in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River shows that the partition theory is practicable in water resources conservation of mountain rivers,and it provides a platform for future study in water resources conservation.

Unique influences of reboiler inventory control on the operation of totally reboiled reactive distillation columns

In this work,the dynamics and operation of the totally reboiled reactive distillation columns are visualized in terms of transfer function based process models.This kind of processes is found to be characterized by underdamped step responses due to the special topological configuration and the intricate interplay between the reaction operation and the separation operation involved.The under-dampness can be substantially alleviated through the tight inventory control of bottom reboiler and this presents beneficial effects to process dynamics and operation.Two totally reboiled reactive distillation columns,separating,respectively,a hypothetical synthesis reaction from reactants A and B to product C,and a real decomposition reaction from 1,4-butanediol to tetrahydrofuran and water,are employed to demonstrate these uncommon behaviors.The results obtained give full support to the above qualitative interpretation.Despite the strong influences of reaction kinetics and thermodynamic properties of the reacting mixtures,the totally reboiled reactive distillation columns are generally considered to present such unique behaviors and require tight inventory control of bottom reboiler to facilitate their control system development.

Distribution of First Passage Times for Lumped States in Markov Chains

First passage time in Markov chains is defined as the first time that a chain passes a specified state or lumped states. This state or lumped states may indicate first passage time of an interesting, rare and amazing event. In this study, obtaining distribution of the first passage time relating to lumped states which are constructed by gathering the states through lumping method for a irreducible Markov chain whose state space is finite was deliberated. Thanks to lumping method the chain＇s Markov property has been preserved. Another benefit of lumping method in the way of practice is reduction of the state space thanks to gathering states together. As the obtained first passage distributions are continuous, it may be used in many fields such as reliability and risk analysis