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基于模糊理论的水资源合理配置研究 被引量:6
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作者 姚荣 唐德善 张娜 《水电能源科学》 2005年第6期5-7,41,共4页
针对流域水资源区间可分配量计算的困难,建立了基于最大POME的模糊模式识别和AHP法的流域水资源合理配置模型,并进行了实例研究。结果表明:可更简便、合理地优化流域内水资源配置。
关键词 水资源合理配置 可分配量 模糊模式识别 AHP法
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A Nodal Electricity Market Design Based on Regulated Access to Transmission Network
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作者 Jean Constantinescu 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2013年第12期2404-2408,共5页
Accomodation of power system constraints with the market mechanism is encountered as a major challenge along the way toward implementation of different electricity market designs. Allocation of fixe or flow-dependent ... Accomodation of power system constraints with the market mechanism is encountered as a major challenge along the way toward implementation of different electricity market designs. Allocation of fixe or flow-dependent inter-zone trading capacities by the PX (power exchange) can not be accepted unreservedly. The paper is meant to show that a nodal electricity market design that is based on bids for local energy and a regulated transmission access including allocation of "entry-exit" transmission capacity would be the desired solution. The market players could easily optimize their portfolio while the TSOs (transmission system operators) are requested to mobilize the network's in-built flexibility to increase the cross zonal capacity. In the proposed market design, the PX's allocation of trading capacity is clearly separate from the TSO's management of the power system operational constraint5. Clear operator roles would enlarge access to electricity market as well as market integration of variable RESs (renewable energy sources) that are critically dependent on short notice access to regionat markets, 展开更多
关键词 Electricity market design nodal model network access transmission capacity congestion management.
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Carbon budget proposal: a framework for an equitable and sustainable international climate regime 被引量:4
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作者 Pan Jiahua Chen Ying 《Social Sciences in China》 2010年第1期5-34,共30页
A worldwide consensus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions has been reached at the technical and political level. However, as the issue involves economic costs and developmental interests, the international institutio... A worldwide consensus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions has been reached at the technical and political level. However, as the issue involves economic costs and developmental interests, the international institutional framework for addressing global greenhouse gas emissions has consistently failed to balance the demands of equity and sustainability. But the sustainability of carbon budget proposal is undoubtedly achievable if the total global carbon budget (the total amount of carbon permitted by climate security) is made an absolute constraint. If an initial allocation is made among all members of the global village on a per capita basis, a limited total budget could not only meet basic needs but also ensure equity. Taking into account historical emission levels and future needs, we should implement carbon budget transfer payments and devise a corresponding financial mechanism to ensure efficient allocation. Unlike the phase-by-phase progress and provisional goals of the Kyoto Protocol, the carbon budget proposal presented here is a comprehensive and holistic package. Due to the politicization of the climate change question, however, many technical issues can only be worked out through international political and diplomatic negotiations. 展开更多
关键词 Carbon budget proposal EQUITY SUSTAINABILITY international climate regime
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