A novel temperature sensor is developed and presented especially for the purpose of on-line thermal monitoring of VLSI chips.This sensor requires very small silicon area and low power consumption,and the simulation re...A novel temperature sensor is developed and presented especially for the purpose of on-line thermal monitoring of VLSI chips.This sensor requires very small silicon area and low power consumption,and the simulation results show that its accuracy is in the order of 0.8℃.The proposed sensor can be easily implemented using regular CMOS process technologies,and can be easily integrated to any VLSI circuits to increase their reliability.展开更多
As a potential solution to the crises of energy and resources, forward osmosis(FO) has been limited by the development of draw agents. An ideal draw agent should be able to generate high osmotic pressure and can be ea...As a potential solution to the crises of energy and resources, forward osmosis(FO) has been limited by the development of draw agents. An ideal draw agent should be able to generate high osmotic pressure and can be easily recovered. In this study, a thermo-sensitive polyelectrolyte of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)(PNA)is developed as an efficient draw agent, and two easy and simple methods are proposed to effectively recover the polyelectrolytes. After adjusting the pH value of polyelectrolyte solutions to around 6.0, the polyelectrolyte can generate relatively high osmotic pressure, and induce average water fluxes of 2.09 and 2.95 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) during12 h FO processes when the polyelectrolyte concentrations are 0.20 and 0.38 g·ml^(-1) respectively. After acidifying and heating to 70 °C, the PNA-10 polyelectrolyte can aggregate together because of hydrophobic association and separate from water, so it can be easily recovered by either simple centrifugation or gravitational sedimentation. The recovery ratios of PNA-10 polyelectrolyte in both methods are as high as 89%, and the recovered polyelectrolytes can be reused with almost the same FO performance as fresh ones. The results in this study provide valuable guidance for designing efficient and easily recoverable draw agents for FO processes.展开更多
An induction motor with its speed modulated by frequency features wide transfer speed range, high systematie efficiency, simple structure and long life, and it therefore becomes one of the best driving motors used in ...An induction motor with its speed modulated by frequency features wide transfer speed range, high systematie efficiency, simple structure and long life, and it therefore becomes one of the best driving motors used in electrical vehicles. The present research trend of it is high power, high speed, high efficiency and long life. How to meet the above requirements by using the electromagnetic design, structure design and beat design, becomes a matter that needs to be resolved now. In this paper, the characters of the motor in operation are analyzed, all kinds of factors that relate to life are laid out, its heating and loss are discussed and analyzed. The key reasons affecting the motor life are presented, and different characters of a high induction motor are compared with these of a general induction motor. A design idea is described, that is : we should consider how to improve the efficiency and reliability as well as bow to reduce the heating by changing the electromagnet, structure, dissipation and operation of the motor. How to reduce its losses and to improve its dissipation has been presented in the paper.展开更多
The multi-source data fusion methods are rarely involved in VNIR and thermal infrared remote sensing at present. Therefore, the potential advantages of the two kinds of data have not yet been adequately tapped, which ...The multi-source data fusion methods are rarely involved in VNIR and thermal infrared remote sensing at present. Therefore, the potential advantages of the two kinds of data have not yet been adequately tapped, which results in low calculation precision of parameters related with land surface temperature. A new fusion method is put forward where the characteristics of the high spatial resolution of VNIR （visible and near infrared） data and the high temporal resolution of thermal infrared data are fully explored in this paper. Non-linear fusion is implemented to obtain the land surface temperature in high spatial resolution and the high temporal resolution between the land surface parameters estimated from VNIR data and the thermal infrared data by means of GA-SOFM （genetic algorithms ＆ self-organizing feature maps）-ANN （artificial neural net-work）. Finally, the method is verified by ASTER satellite data. The result shows that the method is simple and convenient and can rapidly capture land surface temperature distribution of higher resolution with high precision.展开更多
文摘A novel temperature sensor is developed and presented especially for the purpose of on-line thermal monitoring of VLSI chips.This sensor requires very small silicon area and low power consumption,and the simulation results show that its accuracy is in the order of 0.8℃.The proposed sensor can be easily implemented using regular CMOS process technologies,and can be easily integrated to any VLSI circuits to increase their reliability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21276162)the Program for Yangtse River Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities(IRT1163)
文摘As a potential solution to the crises of energy and resources, forward osmosis(FO) has been limited by the development of draw agents. An ideal draw agent should be able to generate high osmotic pressure and can be easily recovered. In this study, a thermo-sensitive polyelectrolyte of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)(PNA)is developed as an efficient draw agent, and two easy and simple methods are proposed to effectively recover the polyelectrolytes. After adjusting the pH value of polyelectrolyte solutions to around 6.0, the polyelectrolyte can generate relatively high osmotic pressure, and induce average water fluxes of 2.09 and 2.95 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1) during12 h FO processes when the polyelectrolyte concentrations are 0.20 and 0.38 g·ml^(-1) respectively. After acidifying and heating to 70 °C, the PNA-10 polyelectrolyte can aggregate together because of hydrophobic association and separate from water, so it can be easily recovered by either simple centrifugation or gravitational sedimentation. The recovery ratios of PNA-10 polyelectrolyte in both methods are as high as 89%, and the recovered polyelectrolytes can be reused with almost the same FO performance as fresh ones. The results in this study provide valuable guidance for designing efficient and easily recoverable draw agents for FO processes.
文摘An induction motor with its speed modulated by frequency features wide transfer speed range, high systematie efficiency, simple structure and long life, and it therefore becomes one of the best driving motors used in electrical vehicles. The present research trend of it is high power, high speed, high efficiency and long life. How to meet the above requirements by using the electromagnetic design, structure design and beat design, becomes a matter that needs to be resolved now. In this paper, the characters of the motor in operation are analyzed, all kinds of factors that relate to life are laid out, its heating and loss are discussed and analyzed. The key reasons affecting the motor life are presented, and different characters of a high induction motor are compared with these of a general induction motor. A design idea is described, that is : we should consider how to improve the efficiency and reliability as well as bow to reduce the heating by changing the electromagnet, structure, dissipation and operation of the motor. How to reduce its losses and to improve its dissipation has been presented in the paper.
基金Supported by the Key Laboratory of Mapping from Space of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping（No.200815）, the Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC 40371087, 40701119）, the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China （973 Program） （No. 2007CB714401）, the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （863 Program） （No. 2007AA10Z201 ）.
文摘The multi-source data fusion methods are rarely involved in VNIR and thermal infrared remote sensing at present. Therefore, the potential advantages of the two kinds of data have not yet been adequately tapped, which results in low calculation precision of parameters related with land surface temperature. A new fusion method is put forward where the characteristics of the high spatial resolution of VNIR （visible and near infrared） data and the high temporal resolution of thermal infrared data are fully explored in this paper. Non-linear fusion is implemented to obtain the land surface temperature in high spatial resolution and the high temporal resolution between the land surface parameters estimated from VNIR data and the thermal infrared data by means of GA-SOFM （genetic algorithms ＆ self-organizing feature maps）-ANN （artificial neural net-work）. Finally, the method is verified by ASTER satellite data. The result shows that the method is simple and convenient and can rapidly capture land surface temperature distribution of higher resolution with high precision.
