高职院校校企合作办学模式下企业可持续参与办学研究

职业教育的发展需要企业可持续参与学校建设。目前,企业参与职业教育存在企业教育制度不健全、缺乏内驱力和缺乏约束力等制约因素,需要完善法律政策,建立利益补偿机制,强化行业监督职能等,以促进企业的参与行为。同时,需要学校自身提高师资队伍面向企业的职业能力,突出学校办学特色,提高人才培养质量,建立校企合作的长效机制。

体教融合视域下我国竞技体操后备人才培养实践启示——基于武汉体育学院体操学校的质性研究

基于我国竞技体操后备人才培养的现实需要,结合体教融合视域下的新契机、新要求,以武汉体育学院体操学校为案例,采用单案例扎根理论研究法,对武汉体育学院体操学校的后备人才培养真实场景进行探索式记录及概念化总结,构建体教融合视域下我国竞技体操后备人才培养的概念模型。发现:武汉体育学院体操学校在竞技体操后备人才的培养过程中已形成“理念+资源”同发力保障运动员身心健康、“培养+输送”全链条解决运动员后顾之忧、“品牌+传承”双驱动化解运动员人才断层等卓有成效的科学化、多元化、可持续化方案,为体教融合视域下我国竞技体操后备人才培养实践提供了如下启示:(1)加快训练理念转变,建立科学训练新格局;(2)扎根体育院校阵地,健全人才培养新体系;(3)明晰人力产权归属,打通人才横向输送渠道;(4)重视师资综合素质,角色转型调和学训矛盾;(5)加强体操精神宣传,塑造体操文化传承力量。

Reconciling Local and Global Agendas in Sustainable Development: Participatory Research with Indigenous Andean Communities

This paper discusses participatory research in the Andes and presents a case study in Cotacachi, Ecuador, where sustainability scientists and indigenous people seek common ground in their respective but drastically different research and social agendas. Participatory research based on Andean experiences pre-dated and inspired much of the later international movement in agriculture, health, and conservation. Andean communities have a long history in demanding that outsiders address the needs of the community as a condition for carrying out scientific or applied activities. What an Andean community, however, sees as relevant may or may not be within the rubric of ‘participatory research’ as it is practiced throughout much of the world. In fact, overzealous participatory researchers are just as bothersome as their predecessors bearing long questionnaires. More important to Andean people is an equitable relationship with researchers and developers in which exchanges of value are made. A distinction between ‘enriching’ and ‘extractive’ research is drawn. In the case of the SANREM project in Cotacachi, Ecuador, scientists carried out enriching research activities of interest to local people as a wayto generate social capital for conducting basic research which does not have an obvious, immediate local benefit. The requested research did not have a conventional participatory methodology but provided valuable products (educational opportunity, germplasm, community visualization tools, and information) to the indigenous community in exchange for time and resources to conduct research on more basic natural resource questions. We argue that in the Andean context the key to reconciling the needs of scientists and of local needs is seeking new forms of equitable collaboration which reach beyond the present and now somewhat tired discourse of ‘participation’.

Co-management: transformation of community affair model in Chinese nature reserves

This article analyzes the application of co-management in establishing and zoning nature reserves, explains two types of participatory models, explains the main content and steps required to implement a co-management program, and suggests future direction of co-management. In China, great progress has been achieved since 1956 when the first nature reserve was established. However, conflicts between nature reserve officials and community members, and differences be-tween conservation and utilization of natural resources suggest that the traditional community affair model is unfit to some de-gree. A more workable and economically sustainable model is recommended. Co-management appears to be the preferred management model. International conservation organizations have carried out projects in Chinese nature reserves in recent years, and co-management is thought to be an effective approach to resolve conflicts coming from community and to improve nature reserves management.

Logic of Citizen Participation in Sustainable Development

Sustainable development,a concept which has been built with the sustainability of economic progression as a main thrust,has been a widely preferred model to traditional developmental models.However,the real meaning of what sustainable development is and should include has been an object of debate.On the one hand,differing from traditional economic developmental models,economic progress does not necessitate the practice of ‘sustainable development'.On the other hand,current levels of science and technology are still unable to solve several problems that arise with economic development.Sustainable development has transferred the responsibility of environmental destruction to that of developing countries.Lastly,instead of utilizing the best technology and leadership into formulating excellent environmental-protection policies,it is more important to create widespread awareness to the public on the need to protect the environment and thereby engage their participation in decision-making to actually realize what is truly ‘sustainable development'.

Functioning Hydraulic and Morphological Sustainability of River Training Works in Bangladesh

River dynamics play the most vital role in the socio-economic of the country. These rivers are highly dynamic in nature which causes extensive riverbank erosion. Active river bank erosion and bed scouring, is apprehended to change the scenario, leading to loss of limited valuable land of Bangladesh. River training is being practiced in Bangladesh since 1960s but the process is very expensive especially in the Ganges and the Jamuna Rivers. Five types of river training works were selected at different reaches. Hydro-morphological characteristics of the major rivers are being evaluated not only in engineering concepts but also in socio-economic and environmental aspects. PRA （participatory rural appraisal） tools were applied to evaluate protection safety, hydraulic and hydrological connectivity, ecological and environmental characteristics, causes of failure and social acceptability. This comparative study is being carried out for closing the gap between the modem river training works and in country experience through adaptation of research findings with a view to effectively arresting river bank erosion. Sirajganj Hardpoint, Chandpur Town Protection work and Nakalia Revetment are found to be suitable and effective. A technically suitable structure may not have good social acceptance without IWRM （integrated water resource management）.

The Role of Business in Accelerating Sustainable Development in Africa

Sustainable development is seen as a way to end extreme poverty, promote economic growth, and advance environmental sustainability and reduce gender inequality. Sustainable development is embedded in the Gross Domestic Product （GDP） of a nation and GDP is used as an indicator of the economic health of a country and also as a way of measuring a country＇s standard of living. Accelerating sustainable development requires the involvement of businesses to play a role in creating economic growth and job creation. The understanding is that when businesses invest in capital that is used in the production of goods, they create employment which in turn helps boost the people＇s standard of living as they earn some income. However, accelerating sustainable development has a beating on employee empowerrnent where workers are paid living wages to meet their fundamental needs, job security, and right to join a trade union and working in an environment free of sexual harassment.

Sustainable Development, Partnership for the Future

The issue of development as an urgent question is facing future challenges and is recognized along side with the efforts made to promote qualitative changes, aiming at the adaptation, activation, organization, and optimum use of efforts, capacities, and available potentials. So much is said about development, its characteristics, and related considerations. However, main features remain to show in this contest. These include objective participation of society, the endeavor towards adapting the features of advanced societies, together with observing social, economical and environmental specifications, and the changes which aim to fulfill essential needs, together with observing issues emanating from social changes.

Importance of Community Participation in Sustainable Utilization of Wetlands： Case of Chebvute in Zvishavane District of Zimbabwe

Since the turn of the 21st century, the central government in Zimbabwe encouraged community participation in natural resources utilization. The research intends to understand the efficacy of this paradigm shift on sustainable wetland utilization in communal areas, focusing specifically on Chebvute wetland in Zvishavane district of Zimbabwe. Research data was gathered through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, direct observations and field measurements. These instruments targeted 19 purposively selected plot holders, project chairperson, Environmental Management Agency officer, Agritex officer and the headman. Mapping of the wetland area and its landuse was done using global positioning system receivers and the map was produced using ILWIS, ArcView and Google Earth images. Research findings revealed that the conserved wetland increased its size and biodiversity. Generally, all crops grown had estimated yields higher than the national averages per hectare. The average maize yield was 2.726 tonnes per hectare compared to national average of 0.87. However, conflicts between plot holders, other community members and officials from government institutions such as Environmental Management Agency and Agritex should be ironed out in order to safeguard the wetland＇s future.

Planning Sustainable Consumption and Quality of Life in the Baku City

The study of sustainable consumption （SC） and quality of life （QoL） in Baku City was undertaken as part of the Baku Strategic Plan prepared by the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University, and partially supported by the Society of Urbanists of Azerbaijan, Research Group. The key purpose of the research was to provide useful information for developing planning and design strategies that would foster sustainable urbanization through enhancing QoL and consumption, which was one of the most important principles of sustainable urbanization. Another purpose was to explore the impact of environmental, economic, social, physical, and health-related indicators on SC and QoL satisfaction among Baku residents. Ultimately, the research will provide recommendations which will further enhance the SC and QoL in Baku City at a number of levels, from empowering communities at a local level to participate in the evolution of their neighborhoods to influence institutional and corporate objectives and sustainability policies. The information collated will feed into the Baku Strategic Planning Process and help to determine developed strategies for urban development and urban regeneration.

Strategic environmental assessment in China

In the past three decades, especially in recent years, the environment has unceasingly deteriorated with rapid development of Chinese economy, and the inherent limitations of conventional project EIA have come to light. Thus, to pursue a broader course of sustainable development, the Chinese government has attached more and more importance to SEA. Strategic Environmental Assessment （SEA） is a frontier subject in the field of Environmental Impact Assessment （EIA）. This article describes the current situation of SEA in China, discusses major problems with SEA, and then recommends improvements in the system. EIA Act of the People＇s Republic of China was promulgated which explicitly provides SEA is required in regional and sector plans and programs. In order to promote comprehensive development of SEA, a lot of work has been done by SEPA. Some SEA ＂experiments＂ have been implemented, and some research has been conducted on the topic in China. But SEA as applied today in China is confronted with a host of methodological and institutional limitations. Moreover, public participation is often extremely limited, because the system restricts public participation. Policies and strategies are kept secret from the public. Most of the research has been focused on the concept, theory, and framework of SEA. Comprehensive application of SEA in China has yet to occur, and only a limited number of case studies are available. We believe SEA can be improved by the following recommendations： dividing SEA into two stages, formulating legislation to safeguard the funds for SEA, guiding actively the public to participate in SEA, completing basic data bank about SEA, and setting up Hall for Workshop of Meta-synthetic Engineering for SEA.

The Role and Effectiveness of Local Institutions in the Management of Forest Biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve,Iringa Region-Tanzania

This paper examines the role and effectiveness of locacal institutions in the management of forest biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve, Tanzania. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal and field observations. The study revealed that the most remarkable local institutions connected to forest biodiversity management include： Village Natural Resources Man- agement Committee （92%）, tree nursery group （79.4%）, beekeep- ing groups （61.1%）, fish fanning （43.3%）, livestock rearing group （33.9%）. Main activities carried out by local institutions which directly contribute to the sustainability Of forest reserve include： forest patrols, fire extinguish, preparation of fire breaks, plant- ing of trees along the forest boundaries, creation of awareness, arresting of forest defaulters, participation in income generation activities. For the purpose of realization that local communities are capable of managing forest biodiversity through their traditional institutions, the policy should provide tangible opportunity for local communities to meet their needs as they manage the forests.

Reflections on the Connotations of Ecotourism

As the most desirable option for sustainable development of tourism industry, ecotourism still suffers from lack of a clear-cut and widely accepted definition, posing many risks and threats in its practices. Based on collection and collation of various concepts and explanations of ecotourism both at home and abroad, this paper reflects on the current connotations of ecotourism in terms of four aspects, namely, objects of ecotourism, ecotourists, nature of ecotourism as well as the relationship between ecotourism and communities. In-depth analysis was performed in an effort to revise the misinterpretation of ecotourism and provide implications for ecotourism initiatives. The main conclusions and fruits of this article include： 1） The objects of eeotourism should go beyond natural, pristine, or even only primitive natural areas to including cultural resources together with their natural context which also deserve preservation. 2） Tourism operators, compared to tourists, have more leverage and hence should shoulder more responsibilities for conservation. 3） Ecotourism should serve as a principle to guide tourism initiatives towards sustainability, rather than merely a special tour package. 4） The theoretic foundation was laid for community participation in ecotourism.

Sustainability and Public Engagement in Mining： The Role of Engineers

Social issues are increasingly recognized as significant inhibitors to mineral development projects. Increasingly, social risk is being recognized as a key factor determining the success of a mineral investment. Groups opposed to a mine for social or political reasons otten use environmental impacts, real or perceived, to prevent mine development. These risk factors depend largely on cultural perceptions of mining activities and must be understood as such in order to be appropriately managed. A first step to addressing social issues is inclusive, transparent and meaningful engagement of stakeholders. This process allows stakeholders to understand what the other parties value in order to collectively establish a common currency for development and the creation of mutual value. Expanding the scope of benefits and values a mine can bring is of increasing importance to mining companies who typically consult outside specialists remote from the mine site and late in the development timeline for this purpose. Training technical staff, engineers and geologists, who make initial and ongoing contact with local interests, in a holistic approach to mine development is crucial to successful and economic mineral development projects. Further extending this conversation to the genera/ public, media governments and non-govemmental organizations is a necessary step in developing a meaningful discourse on the benefit of mining activities.

The Study on Strategy of Sustainable Development in Coastal Tourism Resources from the Global Change Perspective

Global change is induced by human activities and these changes impact tourism development. The transportation system especial y aviation consumed by tourists and accommodation facilities in coastal destinations release massive greenhouse gases and contribute to global change. The ocean is very important to the society and the economy, and coastal tourism is one of the main human activities in the coastal zone. Coastal tourism resources are rich in China, and coastal tourism plays a decisive role in the marine economy. Here, we analyze problems and chal enges during the development of coastal tourism resources from the global change perspective, and identify key factors for the future and ecologically friendly coastal tourism resource development and management under the framework of sustainable development. Based on our ifndings we recommend changing the pattern and products of coastal tourism to develop low carbon coastal tourism based on the idea of“green thinking”;more attention on developments of creative tourism products such as ecotourism and alternative tourism;changes to coastal tourism resource utilization by developing low carbon coastal tourism, advocating carbon emission reduction, promoting carbon compensation and carbon economy, and encouraging new energy saving technology application. Stakeholders also need to be considered. All these measures should be implemented and optimized during the process of planning-management-monitoring-evaluation in the dynamic model. Due to limited data on coastal tourism resource development and management in the global change perspective, part of our reference data is from whole tourism research results and this is a shortcoming of our approach.