一种新的服务开发理念:可持续服务创新

随着环保和可持续发展的观念日益深入人心,环保意识和环保消费创造了新的市场需求,不仅在制造业领域,而且在服务业领域都应当重视和实践可持续发展式的经营管理。将可持续发展的思想用于服务创新理论的理念,对实施可持续服务创新具有重要意义。归纳总结可持续服务创新的主要途径,旨在引起服务业对可持续发展思想的足够重视,为实施可持续服务创新提供一定的参考。

基于CiteSpace的可持续产品服务系统商业模式研究

目的对可持续产品服务系统商业模式的相关研究文献进行可视化分析。方法使用文献计量法,以2000—2019年间Web of Science核心数据库相关论文为数据基础,利用信息可视化软件Cite Space,对可持续产品服务系统(SPSS)商业模式的主要研究国家和地区、发文作者、合作网络、发文机构、热点关键词等做了综合分析。结论从2000年到2019年,可持续产品服务系统(SPSS)的研究总体上逐渐增加。SPSS研究群体多集中在西欧国家;研究机构主要集中在高校、研究院所等机构;设计系、商学院、工程管理系、机械系、环境化学研究所等二级研究机构之间的跨学科合作比较常见。"共享经济""循环经济""协同消费""数据化"和"价值共创"等是近年来SPSS研究中的高频关键词。在新的研究形势下,SPSS的理论创新研究、评估方法的创新研究和实践路径研究是需要重点关注的方面。

可持续能源系统的学习网络——推动可持续系统能源设计创新的开放性全民思潮

本文展示了可持续能源系统的学习网络(Le NSes)项目的情况,该项目是一个非欧多极的高等教育机构(HEIs)网络致力于发展面向全民的可持续能源系统设计课程。这个由欧盟委员会成立的项目目前有四个来自非洲和三个来自欧洲的设计院校参与。本文首先介绍了Le NSes中设计高等教育机构(HEIs)的知识发展与传播的开放与自由拷贝思想,这一方式也使由Le NS所倡导的思想得以呈现和加强。可持续学习网(Le NS)由欧盟委员会于几年前成立(2007-2010,亚洲互联计划)。这一网络催生了其他几个区域性高等教育网络(HEIs)的成立,其中包括中国的Le NS。文章又介绍了研究工作假说,这一假说是新近获誉的Le NSes项目的根基。在将其应用于分散式可再生能源(DRE)时,产品服务系统设计了一个十分具有可行性的方法,成为向可持续化社会转型的关键手段之一。

遂宁市绿色经济发展模式研究

遂宁市地处四川省丘陵地区,以一条具有鲜明地区特色的丘区绿色生态发展的新路子来促进经济社会的跨越式发展,极具重大现实意义。本文在对近年遂宁市绿色经济发展进行总结的基础上,针对遂宁市三次产业的具体市情,提出了原生态农业、可循环工业、可持续服务业的绿色经济发展模式。

提高智慧城市规划成功率的几点建议

智慧城市是新一代信息技术支撑、知识社会创新2.0环境下的城市新形态。本文以只做信息技术有优势的项目、服务精致化才能生存、优秀的产品是修改出来的、用二八定律提升项目成功率、以可持续的服务链为目标和智慧城市规划不要背上新技术包袱等六方面介绍了在智慧城市建设中应注意的有关问题。

人本视角下高职职业指导对策研究

从人本视角看,当前高职院校职业指导距高质量职业指导,还有一定距离。职业指导中存在一些问题:职业指导服务忽视了指导对象的人本发展、缺乏个性化指导、职业能力评估效果不佳、职业路径和目标评估手段不足、缺乏可持续服务。因此,要树立人本发展的理念,提供个性化指导,加强职业能力评估,积极开展规划指导和目标评估,加大支持力度,提供可持续职业指导服务。

Theory and Practice of Soil and Water Ecology

Author of this paper introduced the formation and development, main viewpoints, and framework of the theory of soil and water ecology, as well as the role and value of realizing the sustainable utilization of soil and water ecological resources, the sustainable maintenance of ecological environment, and the sustainable development of economy and society. The paper argued that in the current era, it is imperative to maintain the integrity and continuity of soil and water ecology and culture, emphasize the planning and construction of soil and water ecological infrastructure, and ensure the service functions of urban ecosystem, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of soil and water ecological resources, and the sustainable maintenance of ecological environment, and the sustainable development of economy and society.

Poverty Reduction,Environmental Protection and Ecosystem Services:A Prospective Theory for Sustainable Development

Poverty reduction and environmental protection are two global tasks for sustainable development.The study perspective has changed over time,from narrowly focusing on poverty reduction to comprehensively strengthening human-welfare.We reviewed key references targeting the theoretical content and practical approach relying on poverty,environment protection and ecosystem services.We discussed the contradicting views on the relationship of poverty and environmental degradation,and then illustrated the study progress of a cutting-age topic-ecosystem services which pave a way to address poverty reduction and environmental protection together.At last,we investigated essential factors that affect the development and environmental protection.Considering the evolution of the concept of poverty,we found that the environment has occupied an increasing proportion in the cognizance of poverty.The relationship between poverty and environmental degradation is regional uniqueness.In practical aspect,projects based on the management and valuation assessment of ecosystem services draw researchers′attention all over the world.The appropriate scale,essential economic incentives,morality,law and social equality are key factors affecting individuals′decisions which directly relate to the sustainable development.

A watershed-based adaptive knowledge system for developing ecosystem stakeholder partnerships

This study proposes a Watershed-based Adaptive Knowledge System(WAKES) to consistently coordinate multiple stakeholders in developing sustainable partnerships for ecosystem management.WAKES is extended from the institutional mechanism of Payments for Improving Ecosystem Services at the Watershed-scale(PIES-W).PIES-W is designed relating to the governance of ecosystem services flows focused on a lake as a resource stock connecting its inflowing and outflowing rivers within its watershed.It explicitly realizes the values of conservation services provided by private land managers and incorporates their activities into the public organizing framework for ecosystem management.It implicitly extends the "upstream-to-downstream" organizing perspective to a broader vision of viewing the ecosystems as comprised of both "watershed landscapes" and "marine landscapes".Extended from PIES-W,WAKES specifies two corresponding feedback:Framework I and II.Framework I is a relationship matrix comprised of three input-output structures of primary governance factors intersecting three subsystems of a watershed with regard to ecosystem services and human stakeholders.Framework II is the Stakeholder-and-Information structure channeling five types of information among four stakeholder groups in order to enable the feedbacks mechanism of Framework I.WAKES identifies the rationales behind three fundamental information transformations,illustrated with the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and the Strategic Action Program of the Bermejo River Binational Basin.These include(1) translating scientific knowledge into public information within the Function-and-Service structure corresponding to the ecological subsystem,(2) incorporating public perceptions into political will within the Serviceand-Value structure corresponding to the economic subsystem,and(3) integrating scientific knowledge,public perceptions and political will into management options within the Value-and-Stakeholder structure corresponding to the social subsystem.This study seeks to share a vision of social adaptation for a global sustainable future through developing a network to adopt contributions from and forming partnerships among all ecosystem stakeholders.

Evaluating Value of Natural Landscapes in China

Natural landscapes consist of the natural substances, environment, and phenomena, all of which provide many benefits to people, including a sense of place, sightseeing, relaxing, and recuperating. However, the economic value of natural landscapes has only been recognized in recent decades, and the resulting large-scale decline and degradation of ecosystems now severely threatens the sustainable provision of their services to society. There is an emerging consensus that natural capital should be incorporated into the current socioeconomic accounting system. Many studies valuated natural resources at local and regional scales, but there are very few empirical studies at a national level. To provide a benchmark for natural landscape management on a national scale, we use the travel cost method(TCM) and the contingent valuation method(CVM) to determine the economic value and the spatial distribution of natural landscapes across China. Our results show that the total economic value of China′s natural landscape was 9.75 × 10^(11) U.S. dollars(USD) in 2012. Of this value, the highest proportion was in the eastern and southwestern regions of China, which accounts for 23.7% and 18.3%, respectively. The provinces of Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang were the top five in terms of the largest number of natural landscapes and largest economic values. Together, these five provinces accounted for 32.9% of the total number of natural landscapes and 29.4% of the total economic value in 2012. We believe this study will increase awareness of the value of natural landscapes, and more importantly provide a scientific basis for resolving conflicts between development and resource conservation.

Measurement of Surplus Labor in Viet Nam Agriculture

The large shift of surplus labor from agriculture to industry and services is seen in many countries around the world as well as in Vietnam in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country that has set questions about the sustainability of rural surplus labor： is there still a source of surplus labor in rural areas？ If so, how large is the source of surplus labor and how long it can be lasting？ These questions were hotly debated in the literature abroad. But in Vietnam there is very little or hardly exchanged opinions about the concepts and methods of measurement of surplus labor in general and surplus labor in agriculture in particular. This article refers to the measurement approach of surplus labor in agriculture in Vietnam.

The Global Science of Integrated Water Governance

Abstract： This study discusses the benefits of establishing a broader discipline of water science, based on the organizing mechanism of PES-W （payments for ecosystem services on the watershed scale）. PES-W is derived from an extension of governance analyses of 163 watershed-based PES （payments for ecosystem services） programs, and from the integrative decision mechanism of IPES （integrated payments for ecosystem services） to generalize the PES approach. PES-W reflects three interrelated perspectives fundamental to the global science of integrated water governance： （1） the ecological and economic perspective to integrate human incentives for integrated water resources governance; （2） the sociological and ecological perspective to form partnerships for meta-monitoring and recta-funding for integrated watershed governance; and （3） the scientific and sociological perspective to develop organizing botmdaries based on technology, lifestyle, entrepreneurship and organizing infrastructure for integrated aquatic ecosystem governance. This study is intended to communicate with the international scientific communities for establishing an advanced, academic, and practical multidisciplinary field of the global science of integrated water governance as a critical condition for sustainable development in human societies.

A Case Study on Sustainability Analysis of Fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java Province

This research was to assess the sustainability of fisheries in Pangandaran, West Java. This fishery is an important one in the region, but is threatened by increasing over-exploitation which has led to a steady decrease in the production. In addition to over-exploitation problem, a record of tsunami disaster makes this fishery a unique case. This research, based on a set of primary and secondary data was carried out using the Rapfish analytical approach. Primary data were collected using a stratified cluster random sampling technique, where as many as 186 outboard fishing operators were selected. Meanwhile, relevant complementary data were solicited purposively from five employees of Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Service. Following from the Rapfish approach, it was found through this research that sustainability levels of fisheries in Pangandaran fall into poor category. For all types of fisheries that exist in the region, almost all sustainability dimensions namely ecological, social, technological and ethical dimensions were scored below 50 of the 100 maximum values. This paper concludes with a suggestion, pointing out attributes that should receive government attention in order that the sustainability of the fisheries in the future.

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises （SMEs） in Personal Services

Entrepreneurship has become an attribute of the current growth without business activities. Entrepreneurship is a global world. It is not possible to think about economic driving force of technological development and scientific research. It materializes knowledge and involvement of people and society. Expansion of business activities is a source of individual country＇s economic performance. It contributes to the development of people＇s living standards. In every market economy, it represents an irreplaceable role for small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. A strong representation of＂micro-enterprises＂ can be found in the field of personal services. Companies within the course of their existence go through particular stages of their development--from their foundation through the stage of steady development. After this stage, there comes their decline that can develop even into their termination. We indicate this process as a company life cycle. The aim of the submitted project is to map the life cycle of particularly chosen companies providing accommodation and catering services and to find a mutual relation among observed quantities and their stable economic positions in the market. The analysis is based on the data of macro-economic character, the data about development of receipts in the sector, development of inflation, tempo of economic growth, and development of consumer prices. Out of a company, non-financial factors will also be considered. The core of the analysis is the stage of sustainable stability of the assessed companies. The point of the findings is revelation of the causes of risks of possible transition into the stage of termination due to the decline of services volume, decline of profitability, and long-lasting payment insolvency. The contribution of the project is to draw our attention to possible risks of critical situation development and to propose how to avoid them so that the company will not occur in financial straits. Achieved information could assist the company management to make relevant decisions.

为高等教育信息化基础设施发展可持续的数据服务:要求和可吸取的经验(英文)

美国加州大学圣迭戈分校(UCSD)的科研信息化基础设施(RCI)项目的目标是在集中存储、主机托管、计算、数据管理、联网和技术服务等方面为师生员工提供长期优质的服务。在2012年9月到2013年2月之间,为了确定数据存储的要求以及工作优先排序,RCI数据服务团队(RCIDS)与多名教师和高级职员进行了一系列访谈。这些采访涉及了圣迭戈分校的29个独立的部门和科研单位,有50个不同的小组参加,共代表了600多名研究人员。这些研究小组的各样数据,从人类基因组序列,海洋天然产物,到宇宙模拟实验,是与全球成千上万用户分享的。根据这些访谈的结果,我们总结了圣迭戈分校研究人员对数据服务的10个要求以及5个现有的挑战与风险。RCIDS提出在一个可持续的商业模式下,首先部署网络附加存储(NAS)数据服务;然后,再通过进一步的讨论以及考虑新兴的云计算技术来确定更长远的服务计划;最后,我们对于建立可持续性的高等教育e-科学基础设施的实施方案,基于云计算的数据服务,以及可吸取的经验教训提供了广泛的讨论。

Analysis on Sustainable Development of CNPC Mud Logging Business

As oil and gas development gets more difficult, the market competition in engineering technology services tends to be fiercer. CNPC mud logging business is facing double challenges from tedmology and market. We analyzed both external and internal environment for CNPC logging business development, made clear the opportunities and challenges, gained insights in to the existing problems, and proposed countermeasu res from the aspects of management system, service mode, proyqtability, techniques and equipment, market expansion, and personnel training.

Environmental Impacts of Oil and Gas Production in Nigeria

Energy and environment are essential for sustainable development of any nation hence the need for effective and efficient energy production. UNFCCC reports indicate that those who are least responsible for climate change are the most vulnerable to its projected impact and the masses are the ones affected by environmental degradation and lack of access to clean and affordable energy services. This paper therefore addresses the effects of these issues, some forms of energy production in Nigeria and the effects on our environment and how it can be effectively managed through innovative policies and partnership with organizations that can help pilot projects that will build a sustainable energy.

Energy Poverty and UN Development Goals

The importance of energy has been rooted in every aspect of human life. If we have no access to electricity and depend on traditional biomass fuels to meet household energy demands, it will mean we cannot enjoy the modern energy service. With the deepening international understanding of the issue, many countries have been promoting the practice of eliminating energy poverty, and the "universal access to affordable, clean and sustainable energy" has become one of the post 2015 UN development goals.

Technological Innovation in Sustainable Building

Modern energy services are a necessary prerequisite for human well-being and the economic development of a country. Access to modern energy is essential for the supply of clean water, hygiene and health, and for the provision of reliable and efficient lighting, heating, cooking, and mechanical power. It seems clear, therefore, that the energy factor and its availability, the demand for which is growing, must be ensured over time. Moreover, considering that the world population will significantly increase in coming decades and, legitimately, all of these individuals want access to sources of energy for a better quality of life. The patterns of consumption most commonly used nowadays are expensive and highly polluting, but, most importantly, now they are almost completely exhausted. Therefore, research has to find sources of ＂alternative＂ and renewable energy in order to sustain the continuously growing global demand for energy. It is necessary, therefore, to develop and improve policies in order to change current consumption patterns, while strengthening approaches and strategies for sustainable models, applying incentives for good behavior and penalizing waste, and promoting the empowerment of producers. This paper concerns this sector and aims to highlight innovation in bioclimatic and eco-friendly buildings.

Discussion on China ＇s Agricultural Development during 2011-2015

During the 11th Five-year Plan period, China＇s agricultural productivity improved on all levels; the contribution rate of technologies to agriculture rose steadily, the agricultural service system was gradually restored and agricultural policy regimes were consummated. However, China＇s sustainable agricultural development faces severe tests such as agri-tech ＂short slabs＂ and poor collaborative operation. The 12＇h Five- year Plan period will bring both strategic opportunities and challenges. Brisker market demands and more agricultural inputs, a higher technical level and better policy regimes will drive development. On the other hand, agriculture will be confronted with more resource and environment constraints, fewer traditional comparative advantages and hidden hazards, etc. Over the next five years, China should stay its course to agricultural modernization based on its national conditions and the sustainable development concept and establish a ＂broad interpretation of grain security＂ to improve the productivity, risk- resistance capabilities and market competitiveness of its agricultural industry.