[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T a...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T and Grazing-8000） as experimental materials, after priming with 0.5 mmol/L putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） for 24 h and chilling imbibition at 5 ℃ for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the effect of Put, Spd and Spm priming on chilling tolerance and germination ability of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition was investigated. [Result] Put, Spd and Spm priming improved the activities of peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and content of soluble protein content under low temperature stress, significantly in-creased the germination rate, and shortened the average germination duration. After chilling imbibition for 48 h, compared with the control, the average germination rate of annual Lolium perenne seeds was improved by 15.5% and 12.0% after Put, Spd and Spm priming, and the average germination duration was shortened by 1.21 and 1.14 d. During seed imbibition, the chilling tolerance of Grazing-8000 was stronger than that of Diamond T. Overall, Put, Spd and Spm treatment could increase the chilling tolerance of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition, and improve the germination ability of seeds under low temperature stress. [Conclusion] Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the application of seed priming technology in the production of annual ryegrass.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of the study was to establish the effective and accurate formulas for estimating the digestible energy （DE） values of plant protein supplement in pig. [Method] By difference method with different...[Objective] The aim of the study was to establish the effective and accurate formulas for estimating the digestible energy （DE） values of plant protein supplement in pig. [Method] By difference method with different amount of alternative feeds （20% -50%）, two4 x4 Latin- square-designed trials were taken on eight castrated male pigs [ Yorkshire x Landrace x Neijiang pig, initial body-weight： （46 ±2） kg ] to deter- mine the apparent digestible energy （ADE） of the eight kinds of plant protein supplement commonly used in China, that is, corn gluten meal （sol.）, soybean meal （ sol. ）, fababean, pea, rapeseed meal （ sol. ）, sesame meal （ sol. ）, rapeseed meal （ exp. ） and cotton seed meal （sol.）. [Resultl （1） Fiber was the most important factor to estimate the ADE of plant protein supplement in pigs, and ADF was the best one. （2） The most effective equations were as below： （ 1 ） OE （kJ/kg DM） = 14 741.86 - 185.01ADF＋54.01SCHO＋22.45CP （ R =0.988,RSD= 67.9,P〈0.01 ） ; （2） DE （kJ/kg DM） =22 223.26 -209.58ADF＋26.79SCHO-1.09GE （ Ff =0.989,RSD=66.9, P〈0.01 ） . [Conclusion] The accurate, practical and specific regression equations were established for DE prediction of plant protein supplement in pig.展开更多
Low-temperature soluble carbohydrate accumulations are commonly associated with anthocyanin coloration, attenuated growth and cold adaptation of cool-season grasses. The vrn-1 gene has potent effects on vernalization ...Low-temperature soluble carbohydrate accumulations are commonly associated with anthocyanin coloration, attenuated growth and cold adaptation of cool-season grasses. The vrn-1 gene has potent effects on vernalization requirement, growth, and soluble carbohydrate accumulations of the winter-annual Triticeae species. Two hundred and four unmapped AFLP markers and genome-specific DNA markers genetically linked to the vrn-1 gene were used to detect QTL controlling soluble carbohydrate accumulations, anthocyanin coloration and growth characteristics in a segregating population derived from open pollinated Leymus cinereus x L. triticoides hybrids. These perennial Triticeae grasses are distinguished by adaptation and growth habit. As expected, positive trait correlations and pleiotropic gene effects were detected for soluble carbohydrate accumulations and anthocyanin coloration. Likewise, positive trait correlations and pleiotropic gene effects were detected for tillering, leaf development, leaf growth, regrowth and rhizome spread. However, soluble carbohydrate accumulations were not associated with attenuated growth. In fact, several DNA marker alleles, including one near vrn-Ns1, had positive effects on soluble leaf carbohydrate concentrations and low temperature growth. The corresponding DNA marker near vrn-Ns1 had more specific effects on tillering. We speculate that vrn-1 exerts quantitative effects on low-temperature soluble leaf carbohydrate accumulations and growth habit of the perennial Leymus. However, a number of other DNA markers displayed highly significant effects on soluble carbohydrate accumulations and various growth characteristics. Findings indicate that anthocyanin coloration may be a useful phenotypic marker for soluble carbohydrate accumulation. Although variation for soluble carbohydrates was not associated with attenuated growth in this population, this trait was under genetic control.展开更多
Zhongmian 42 and Xinluzao 36 were used as raw materials to determine the contents of soluble sugar and protein, as well as dynamic changes of enzyme activities after flowering during cotton fiber growth. The results s...Zhongmian 42 and Xinluzao 36 were used as raw materials to determine the contents of soluble sugar and protein, as well as dynamic changes of enzyme activities after flowering during cotton fiber growth. The results showed that contents of soluble protein in the two species sharply declined 7 to 21 days after flowering, as the soluble sugar in Zhongmian 42 leveling off after 21 days of flowering while the soluble sugar in Xinluzao 36 dropped notably after 21 days of flowering before remaining stable after seven days later. The soluble sugar decreased 7 to 14 days after flowering before sharply rising to the maximum seven days later, and then began to decline quickly. The soluble sugar was the minimum after 35 days of flowering and then remaining stable. Peroxidase activity generally increased. Indole-3- acetic acid oxidase activities were low at 7 days after flowering. IAAO activity reached to the peaks on the 14th and 28th day after flowering. IAAO activity of two varieties decreased with the same trend 35 days after flowering.展开更多
基金Supported by Agricultural Research Project of Guizhou Province([2010]No.3045)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T and Grazing-8000） as experimental materials, after priming with 0.5 mmol/L putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） for 24 h and chilling imbibition at 5 ℃ for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the effect of Put, Spd and Spm priming on chilling tolerance and germination ability of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition was investigated. [Result] Put, Spd and Spm priming improved the activities of peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and content of soluble protein content under low temperature stress, significantly in-creased the germination rate, and shortened the average germination duration. After chilling imbibition for 48 h, compared with the control, the average germination rate of annual Lolium perenne seeds was improved by 15.5% and 12.0% after Put, Spd and Spm priming, and the average germination duration was shortened by 1.21 and 1.14 d. During seed imbibition, the chilling tolerance of Grazing-8000 was stronger than that of Diamond T. Overall, Put, Spd and Spm treatment could increase the chilling tolerance of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition, and improve the germination ability of seeds under low temperature stress. [Conclusion] Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the application of seed priming technology in the production of annual ryegrass.
文摘[Objective] The aim of the study was to establish the effective and accurate formulas for estimating the digestible energy （DE） values of plant protein supplement in pig. [Method] By difference method with different amount of alternative feeds （20% -50%）, two4 x4 Latin- square-designed trials were taken on eight castrated male pigs [ Yorkshire x Landrace x Neijiang pig, initial body-weight： （46 ±2） kg ] to deter- mine the apparent digestible energy （ADE） of the eight kinds of plant protein supplement commonly used in China, that is, corn gluten meal （sol.）, soybean meal （ sol. ）, fababean, pea, rapeseed meal （ sol. ）, sesame meal （ sol. ）, rapeseed meal （ exp. ） and cotton seed meal （sol.）. [Resultl （1） Fiber was the most important factor to estimate the ADE of plant protein supplement in pigs, and ADF was the best one. （2） The most effective equations were as below： （ 1 ） OE （kJ/kg DM） = 14 741.86 - 185.01ADF＋54.01SCHO＋22.45CP （ R =0.988,RSD= 67.9,P〈0.01 ） ; （2） DE （kJ/kg DM） =22 223.26 -209.58ADF＋26.79SCHO-1.09GE （ Ff =0.989,RSD=66.9, P〈0.01 ） . [Conclusion] The accurate, practical and specific regression equations were established for DE prediction of plant protein supplement in pig.
文摘Low-temperature soluble carbohydrate accumulations are commonly associated with anthocyanin coloration, attenuated growth and cold adaptation of cool-season grasses. The vrn-1 gene has potent effects on vernalization requirement, growth, and soluble carbohydrate accumulations of the winter-annual Triticeae species. Two hundred and four unmapped AFLP markers and genome-specific DNA markers genetically linked to the vrn-1 gene were used to detect QTL controlling soluble carbohydrate accumulations, anthocyanin coloration and growth characteristics in a segregating population derived from open pollinated Leymus cinereus x L. triticoides hybrids. These perennial Triticeae grasses are distinguished by adaptation and growth habit. As expected, positive trait correlations and pleiotropic gene effects were detected for soluble carbohydrate accumulations and anthocyanin coloration. Likewise, positive trait correlations and pleiotropic gene effects were detected for tillering, leaf development, leaf growth, regrowth and rhizome spread. However, soluble carbohydrate accumulations were not associated with attenuated growth. In fact, several DNA marker alleles, including one near vrn-Ns1, had positive effects on soluble leaf carbohydrate concentrations and low temperature growth. The corresponding DNA marker near vrn-Ns1 had more specific effects on tillering. We speculate that vrn-1 exerts quantitative effects on low-temperature soluble leaf carbohydrate accumulations and growth habit of the perennial Leymus. However, a number of other DNA markers displayed highly significant effects on soluble carbohydrate accumulations and various growth characteristics. Findings indicate that anthocyanin coloration may be a useful phenotypic marker for soluble carbohydrate accumulation. Although variation for soluble carbohydrates was not associated with attenuated growth in this population, this trait was under genetic control.
文摘Zhongmian 42 and Xinluzao 36 were used as raw materials to determine the contents of soluble sugar and protein, as well as dynamic changes of enzyme activities after flowering during cotton fiber growth. The results showed that contents of soluble protein in the two species sharply declined 7 to 21 days after flowering, as the soluble sugar in Zhongmian 42 leveling off after 21 days of flowering while the soluble sugar in Xinluzao 36 dropped notably after 21 days of flowering before remaining stable after seven days later. The soluble sugar decreased 7 to 14 days after flowering before sharply rising to the maximum seven days later, and then began to decline quickly. The soluble sugar was the minimum after 35 days of flowering and then remaining stable. Peroxidase activity generally increased. Indole-3- acetic acid oxidase activities were low at 7 days after flowering. IAAO activity reached to the peaks on the 14th and 28th day after flowering. IAAO activity of two varieties decreased with the same trend 35 days after flowering.
