浆细胞病患者血清可溶性白细胞介素—6受体检测及其临床意义

为了解可溶性白细胞介素—6受体(sIL—6R)在浆细胞中的作用和意义,运用酶联配基免疫检测方法测定了62例多发性骨髓瘤(MM)、5例巨球蛋白血症、1例μ重链病患者及15例正常对照者血清sIL—6R浓度。结果表明,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期MM患者、巨球蛋白血症患者血清sIL—6R明显高于正常对照(P【0.01)。

可溶性白细胞介素2受体与肾脏病关系的初步研究

可溶性白细胞介素２受体与肾脏病关系的初步研究牟之新，李平生，叶夏云，田方，贺锐ＰＲＦＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＯＦＳＯＬＵＢＬＥＩＮＴＥＲＬＥＵＫＩＮ－２ＲＥＣＥＰＴＯＲＴＯＲＥＮＡＬＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＳＭｏｕＺｉｘｉｎ；Ｌｉ...

Effect of Foliar Fertilizer Spraying at Seedling Stage on the Growth Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Brassica napus L.

In order to select a suitable foliar fertilizer for Brassica napus L.at the seedling stage,using‘Fengyou 958’as the material,different foliar fertilizers including BR,Se,Si,BR+Si,BR+Se,Se+Si and BR+Se+Si were sprayed at the seedling stage to study their effect on the physiological characteristics,growth and yield of Brassica napus L..The results showed that the growth,chlorophyll content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,and yield of different treatments at the budding stage improved compared with the control.The effect of the Si+Se treatment was the best,followed by the Se and Si treatments.The chlorophyll content of the flower decreased continuously during the whole flowering period,and the chlorophyll content of the mature silique peel was higher than that of the seed.The content of soluble sugar in flowers was the highest in the early flowering stage,and the content of soluble sugar in leaves at the flowering stage was higher than that at the budding stage.The soluble sugar content in the harvested silique peel decreased gradually with the increase of time,and that in the silique peel and seed was similar at 35 d after pollination.The soluble protein content in the silique peel and seed decreased gradually at the mature stage,and the soluble protein content in the silique peel was higher than that in the seed at the same stage.Si+Se foliar fertilizer spraying at the seedling stage can promote the growth and yield of Brassica napus L.and can be applied in Brassica napus L.production.

高血压脑出血病人脑脊液sICAM-1与sIL-6R的对比观察

目的对比观察高血压脑出血急性期不同时间脑脊液 (CSF)可溶性细胞间黏附分子 (sICAM -1)和可溶性白细胞介素 6受体(sIL -6R)及白细胞介素 6(IL -6)的变化与继发性脑损伤的关系。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定 2 0例 (对照组 )和 15例高血压脑出血病人CSF中sICAM -1、sIL -6R、IL -6含量变化。结果 高血压脑出血后第 1天CSFsICAM -1、sIL -6R、IL -6含量升高已达高峰。sICAM -1在出血后 5d～ 7d明显下降 ,但仍高于正常对照 ,而sIL -6R和IL -6虽有下降 ,但仍维持在较高水平 ,两者之间呈正相关 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,而sICAM -1与sIL -6R含量变化无明显相关 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 sICAM -1、sIL -6R和IL -6参与高血压脑出血的免疫和炎症反应过程 ,与继发性脑损伤程度有关 ,sICAM -1与sIL -6R和IL

Effects of Polyamine on Leaf Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Maize Seedlings under Osmotic Stress

[Objective]The research aimed to probe into the mechanism of polyamine enhancing the tolerance of plants to drought stress and provide theoretical basis for application of polyamine in process of maize drought resistance. [Method]With PEG-6000 simulating natural drought,the change in content of soluble protein and relative water content were investigated in seedling leaves of two maize cultivars,Nongda 108 and Yedan 13 under osmotic stress with exogenous Spd treatment. [Result]On the 7th day,leaf relative water content and the content of soluble protein decreased more significantly in leaves of Yedan 13 （drought-sensitive） than in Nongda 108 （drought-tolerant）. Exogenous Spd treatment not only obviously inhibited the decrease of leaf relative water content,but also increased the content of soluble protein. [Conclusion]Exogenous Spd treatment could enhance the tolerance of maize seedlings to osmotic stress,via improving the content of soluble protein in seedling leaves.

Effects of Different Storage Temperature on Nutritional Quality of Potato Cultivar Kexin No.1

Objective] This study almed to investigate the effects of different storage temperature on nutritional quality of potato cuItivar Kexin No.1 and expIore the opti-mal storage temperature and time for Kexin No.1 with different uses. [Method] After storage at different temperature （1, 4, 10 and 16 ℃）, changes in dry matter, starch, reducing sugar and protein contents, amyIase activity and germination rate of potato cuItivar Kexin No.1 were observed and analyzed. [Result] Reducing sugar content of Kexin No.1 stored at 1 and 4 ℃ increased significantIy compared with that of Kexin No.1 stored at 10 and 16 ℃. Kexin No.1 stored at 1 ℃ exhibited no chiI ing injury. After storage at 16 ℃, Kexin No.1 began to germinate at 30 d, and the Iength and number of germinated buds increased significantIy with the extension of storage time, dispIaying a significant reduction in moisture content. Kexin No.1 potato couId be stored at 1 and 4 ℃ for more than 120 d without any changes in various indi-cators. Therefore, 1-4 ℃ was the optimal storage temperature for potato cuItivar Kexin No.1. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of post-harvest storage conditions of potatoes.

Effects of Two Kinds of Heavy Metals Including Cr^(6+) and Pb^(2+) on Garlic Germination

[Objective] This study aimed to revealing the effects of two kinds of heavy metals including Cr6＋ and Pb2＋ on garlic germination.[Method] Root length,enzyme（SOD and CAT）activity and soluble protein content during garlic germination were determined under the stress of two kinds of heavy metals including Cr6＋ and Pb2＋.[Result] During garlic germination,there was an obvious inhibition on buds and seedlings when the concentration of heavy metals including Cr6＋ and Pb2＋ was more than 20 mg/L,while SOD and CAT had certain buffering ability to the heavy metal toxicity with low concentration.With the stress of Cr6＋ in low concentration,SOD activity increased with the increase of metal ion concentration,and then reached maximum when the treatment concentration was 50 mg/L,while CAT activity gradually increased when Cr6＋ concentration was lower than 20 mg/L.With the high concentration of Cr6＋（more than 50 mg/L）or the Pb2＋ stress,SOD and CAT activity continued to decrease with the increase of concentration of heavy metal ions.With various concentrations of heavy metal（Cr6＋ and Pb2＋）solution,soluble protein content showed the decreasing trend with time prolong,and the decreasing trend was obvious with the increase of concentration.Moreover,the tolerance of garlic on Cr6＋ toxicity was much higher than that on Pb2＋.[Conclusion] Two kinds of heavy metals including Cr6＋ and Pb2＋ have impacts on four factors mentioned above during garlic germination,and this study provides a theoretical basis for further discussion of the toxic mechanism of heavy metals on plants.

Effect of Polyamine Priming on Chilling Tolerance of Lolium perenne during Seed Imbibition

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of potyamine priming on physiological and biochemical variations of Lolium perenne embryos and seed germination. [Method] With annual Lolium perenne （Diamond T and Grazing-8000） as experimental materials, after priming with 0.5 mmol/L putrescine （Put）, spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） for 24 h and chilling imbibition at 5 ℃ for 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the effect of Put, Spd and Spm priming on chilling tolerance and germination ability of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition was investigated. [Result] Put, Spd and Spm priming improved the activities of peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and content of soluble protein content under low temperature stress, significantly in-creased the germination rate, and shortened the average germination duration. After chilling imbibition for 48 h, compared with the control, the average germination rate of annual Lolium perenne seeds was improved by 15.5% and 12.0% after Put, Spd and Spm priming, and the average germination duration was shortened by 1.21 and 1.14 d. During seed imbibition, the chilling tolerance of Grazing-8000 was stronger than that of Diamond T. Overall, Put, Spd and Spm treatment could increase the chilling tolerance of annual Lolium perenne seeds during imbibition, and improve the germination ability of seeds under low temperature stress. [Conclusion] Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the application of seed priming technology in the production of annual ryegrass.

Comparison of Biochemical Substances in the Fiber Development of Different Cotton Varieties

Zhongmian 42 and Xinluzao 36 were used as raw materials to determine the contents of soluble sugar and protein, as well as dynamic changes of enzyme activities after flowering during cotton fiber growth. The results showed that contents of soluble protein in the two species sharply declined 7 to 21 days after flowering, as the soluble sugar in Zhongmian 42 leveling off after 21 days of flowering while the soluble sugar in Xinluzao 36 dropped notably after 21 days of flowering before remaining stable after seven days later. The soluble sugar decreased 7 to 14 days after flowering before sharply rising to the maximum seven days later, and then began to decline quickly. The soluble sugar was the minimum after 35 days of flowering and then remaining stable. Peroxidase activity generally increased. Indole-3- acetic acid oxidase activities were low at 7 days after flowering. IAAO activity reached to the peaks on the 14th and 28th day after flowering. IAAO activity of two varieties decreased with the same trend 35 days after flowering.

Elementary study of differential expression of total soluble proteins in different life phases of Porphyra yezoensis

Total soluble proteins of different life stages, filamentous sporophytes cultivated in high temperatures, and blade gametophytes harvested in different seasons, were identified by SDS-PAGE. The types and amounts of expressed proteins also varied amongst the samples. The fewest soluble proteins were present in filamentous sporophytes. There were more types and amounts of soluble protein in conchospores than in filamentous sporophytes, but fewer than in bulgy sporophytes. More types of protein were detected in filamentous sporophytes cultivated in high temperatures than in those growing in normal situations. The most types and amounts of protein were found in blade gametophytes in all samples. Blade gametophytes harvested last year and stored at -20 ℃ showed only minor differences in expression of proteins when compared with those harvested in different seasons.

Effect of Different Fertilization Patterns on Buckwheat Seed Quality

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the taste and quality of buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum） seeds. [Method] Buckwheat seeds were fertilized by using a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design to establish quaternary quadratic regression equations between N, P, K, organic fertilizers and soluble sugar, protein contents in buckwheat seeds. [Result] According to the regression equations, appropriately increasing the application amount of P fertilizer and maintaining the ratio of N fertilizer to organic fertilizer at 1：140 could improve soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds. By simulation optimization using a computer,in order to ensure high soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds, the optimal fertilization patterns of each fertilizer were： N, 535.35-581.10 kg/hm^2; P2O5,69.511 5-71.359 5 kg/hm^2; K2 O, 249.525-270.975 kg/hm^2; organic fertilizer, 76 590-80 514 kg/hm^2. The optimal fertilization ratio of N, P, K and organic fertilizers was8：1：4：1 114. [Conclusion] This study provided scientific basis for producing buckwheat products with good taste, high nutrition value and excellent quality.

Serum CD 4 4 Variant 6 as an Indicator of Tumor Burden and Metastasis in Patients with Gastric Car cinoma

Objective: To study the expression of CD44 correlation with the ability ofmetastasis of tumor cells in gastric carcinoma, to find the correlation of the concentration ofsoluble CD 44 Variant 6 (sCD44v6) and the histologic expression of CD44 Variant 6 (CD44v6) in tumorswith the clinico- pathologic features, and to make serum concentration of the CD44v6 and theexpression of CD44v6 may be useful an indicator as an early diagnosis, invasion, metastasis, andprognosis. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 70 patients with primary gastric carcinomabefore surgery and 20 patients after surgery. Serum levels of CD44v6 were determined with aquantitative- enzyme- link-immuno- adsorbent assay. The expression of CD44v6 in tumors was examinedby immuno-histo-chemical staining. Results: Both the serum concentration of CD44v6 and itsexpression in tumors were positively related to the depth of invasion of the tumor, lymph nodemetastasis, clinical stage, and diffuse type gastric carcinoma, but not to the tumor size. The serumlevel of CD44v6 in patients with gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in control. Theserum concentration of CD44v6 was markedly lowered after curative surgery (F<0. 001), and the serumlevel of CD44v6 was higher in patients with gastric cancer with CD44v6 positive tumor cells than inthose with CD44v6 negative tumor cells. The serum level of CD44v6 was a prognostic indicator inpatients with diffuse type gastric carcinoma, as was the histological expression of CD44v6.Conclusion: CD44v6 of gastric cancer and serum concentration of CD44v6 seems to be correlated to theprogression of diffuse type gastric carcinoma metas- tasis and clinical stage. An elevated level ofsCD44v6 may serve as an indicator of lymph node metastasis (especially early metastasis) and badprognosis in pa tients with gastric carcinoma.

Effect of Two Herbicides on the Growth of Early Seedlings of Rye(Secale cereale)

[Objective]The aim was to study the effect of herbicide on the growth of early seedlings of rye（Secale cereale）.[Method]Effect of two kinds of herbicide（Atrazine and APM）on seedling growth of rye was investigated at the physiological,biochemical and cellular level.[Result]The Atrazin significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll a,b and soluble proteins.Rye seeds were treated with 0.01-1 mg/L Atrazine for 16 h,the contents of chlorophyll a and b decreased from 1.26（a）,0.49（b）mg/g FW（control）to 1.15（a）,0.46（b）mg/g FW（0.1 mg/L）and 0.81（a）,0.33（b）mg/g FW（1.0 mg/L）.The content of soluble protein decreased with the increasing concentration of Atrazin.Atrazin had no significant influence on the cell division and chromosome structure variation.The contents of chlorophyll a,b and soluble proteins had no significantly change under the treatment of APM,but the number of chromosome structure variation such as chromosome bridge,multipolar division cells,lagging chromosome and unequal division cells increased significantly.[Conclusion]The critical concentration of Atrazine was 0.1-1.0 mg/L and 4 mg/L of APM in rye.

An Improved Strategy for Efficient Expression and Purification of Soluble HIV-1 Tat Protein in E.coli

Although the endogenous function of Tat has been elucidated in the past twenty years, the study of its exogenous activity has been hampered due to the difficulty of large scale preparation of the active Tat protein. To express the full-length Tat protein in E.coli, the tat gene was cloned from an HIV infected patient by overlapping PCR. Rare codon usage analysis showed that rare E.coli codons, especially consecutive rare codons for Arg, account for 14% (14 of 101) rare E.coli codons in the tat gene. The expression of the HIV-1 tat gene was verified to be very poor in strain BL21 (DE3) due to the abundance of rare codons; however, tat gene expression was found to be very efficient in the host strain of Rosetta-gami B (DE3), which was supplemented with six rare tRNAs for Arg, Leu, Ile and Pro. Subsequent purification revealed that the proteins are soluble and unusually, the tagged Tat can form dimers independent of cystine disulfide bonds. The purity, integrity and molecular weight of the Tat protein were demonstrated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Reporter gene activating assay was further confirmed by investigating the transactivation activity of the recombinant Tat protein. Our improved strategy for efficient high level expression and purification of soluble Tat protein has paved the way to fully investigate its exogenous function.

Partial Characteristics of Hydrogen Production by Fermentative Hydrogen-producing Bacterial Strain B49

To investigate the characteristics of hydrogen production by a novel fermentative hydrogen-producing bacterial strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), batch experiments are conducted under different conditions. Hydrogen production has a correlation with cell growth and the consumption of glucose and soluble protein. The optimum pH for cell growth is 4.5±0.15. At acidic pH 4.0±0.15, the bacteria has the maximum accumulated hydrogen volume of 2382 ml/L culture and the maximum hydrogen evolution rate of 339.9 ml/L culture·h with 1% glucose. The optimum temperature for cell growth and hydrogen production is 35℃. In addition, fermentative hydrogen-producing bacterial strain B49 can generate hydrogen from the decomposition of other organic substrates such as wheat, soybean, corn, and potato. Moreover, it can also produce hydrogen from molasses wastewater and brewage wastewater, and hydrogen yields are 137.9 ml H 2/g COD and 49.9 ml H 2/g COD, respectively.

Optimization of the Purification Methods for Recovery of Recombinant Growth Hormone from Paralichthys olivaceus

This study aimed to optimize the purification of recombinant growth hormone from Paralichthys olivaceus. Recombinant flounder growth hormone （r-fGH） was expressed by Escherichia coli in form of inclusion body or as soluble protein under different inducing conditions. The inclusion body was renatured using two recovery methods, i.e., dilution and dialysis. Thereafter, the refolded protein was purified by Glutathione Sepharase 4B affinity chromatography and r-fGH was obtained by cleavage of thrombin. For soluble products, r-fGH was directly purified from the lysates by Glutathione Sepharase 4B affinity chromatography. ELISA-receptor assay demonstrated that despite its low receptor binding activity, the r-fGH purified from refolded inclusion body had a higher yield （2.605 mg L^-1） than that from soluble protein （1.964 mg L^-l）. Of the tested recovery methods, addition of renaturing buffer （pH 8.5） into denatured inclusion body yielded the best recovery rate （17.9%）. This work provided an optimized purification method for high recovery of r-fGH, thus contributing to the application of r-fGH to aquaculture.

Oxidative stress responses of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria asiatica to different concentrations of cyanobacteria

In a 10-day aquarium experiment, this investigation examines macrophyte restoration in eutrophic Lake Taihu, the physiological effects of different plant biomass levels and of increasing natural cyanobacterial concentrations on a submerged macrophyte, Vallisneria asiatica. Cyanobacterial stress suppressed the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of the plant＇s leaves and induced the catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） activities of its roots. The soluble protein content in V. asiatica decreased with an increase in natural cyanobacterial concentrations, whereas the malonaldehyde （MDA） increased significantly at chlorophyll a （Chl a） concentrations of 222 and 262 μg/L in water. V. asiatica adapted to the stress caused by cyanobacterial concentrations by adjusting its antioxidant defense system to remove the excessive reactive oxygen species when the algal Chl a concentration was 〉109 μg/L. Additionally, high biomass of V. asiatica （2 222 g FW/m^2） can inhibit the reproduction of cyanobacteria more significantly than low biomass （1 111 g FW/m^2）. High biomass of V. asiatica increased the oxidative stress in an individual plant when the initial Chl a concentration in the water reached 222 and 262 μg/L, as expressed by the increased MDA in leaves, compared with low biomass of K asiatica. This provides a basis for controlling cyanobacterial concentrations and V. asiatica biomass for the recovery of V. asiatica in eutrophic Lake Taihu.

Soluble forms of extracellular cytokeratin 18 may differentiate simple steatosis from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

AIM: To investigate whether serum levels of two soluble forms of extracellular cytokeratin 18 (M30-antigen and M65-antigen) may differentiate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from simple steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: A total of 83 patients with suspected NAFLD and 49 healthy volunteers were investigated. Patients with suspected NAFLD were classified according to their liver histology into four groups: definitive NASH (n = 45), borderline NASH (n = 24), simple fatty liver (n = 9), and normal tissue (n = 5). Serum levels of caspase-3 generated cytokeratin-18 fragments (M30-antigen) and total cytokeratin-18 (M65-antigen) were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Levels of M30-antigen and M65-antigen were significantly higher in patients with definitive NASH compared to the other groups. An abnormal value (> 121.60 IU/L) of M30-antigen yielded a 60.0% sensitivity and a 97.4% specificity for the diagnosis of NASH. Sensitivity and specificity of an abnormal M65-antigen level (> 243.82 IU/L) for the diagnosis of NASH were 68.9% and 81.6%, respectively. Among patients with NAFLD, M30-antigen and M65-antigen levels distinguished between advanced fibrosis and early-stage fibrosis with a sensitivity of 64.7% and 70.6%, and a specificity of 77.3% and 71.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of M30-antigen and M65-antigen may be of clinical usefulness to identify patients with NASH. Further studies are mandatory to better assess the role of these apoptonecrotic biomarkers in NAFLD pathophysiology.