The experiment was carried out in a private orchard situated at Atrush town, Duhok Govemorate Kurdistan Region-Iraq during 2011 season to study the effect of foliar application of three concentrations of potassium （0...The experiment was carried out in a private orchard situated at Atrush town, Duhok Govemorate Kurdistan Region-Iraq during 2011 season to study the effect of foliar application of three concentrations of potassium （0.0%, 0.5% and 1%） and three concentrations of copper （0.0%, 0.02% and 0.04%） on an eight years old peach cultivar, planted in clay soil, spaced at 4.0 m x 4.0 m. The foliar application was done twice, on April 24, 2011 and May 25, 2011. The results showed that spraying of potassium at both concentration （0.5% and 1%） or copper at high concentration （0.04%） had a positive effect on leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total chlorophyll, fruit weight, fruit number and yield per tree as well as fruit diameter, pith thick, pulp weight, seed weight and total soluble solid. The interaction between potassium and copper significantly enhanced all detected traits, since trees receiving 1% and sprayed with 0.04% of copper was characterized by the highest values of all growth and yield characteristics compared to the lowest values at untreated trees （control）.展开更多
The power conversion efficiency for single-junction solar cells is limited by the Shockley-Quiesser limit.An effective approach to realize high efficiency is to develop multi-junction cells.These years have witnessed ...The power conversion efficiency for single-junction solar cells is limited by the Shockley-Quiesser limit.An effective approach to realize high efficiency is to develop multi-junction cells.These years have witnessed the rapid development of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells.The excellent optoelectronic properties and tunable bandgaps of perovskite materials make them potential candidates for developing tandem solar cells,by combining with silicon,Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)and organic solar cells.In this review,we present the recent progress of perovskite-based tandem solar cells,including perovskite/silicon,perovskite/perovskite,perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2),and perovskite/organic cells.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for perovskite-based tandem solar cells are discussed.展开更多
文摘The experiment was carried out in a private orchard situated at Atrush town, Duhok Govemorate Kurdistan Region-Iraq during 2011 season to study the effect of foliar application of three concentrations of potassium （0.0%, 0.5% and 1%） and three concentrations of copper （0.0%, 0.02% and 0.04%） on an eight years old peach cultivar, planted in clay soil, spaced at 4.0 m x 4.0 m. The foliar application was done twice, on April 24, 2011 and May 25, 2011. The results showed that spraying of potassium at both concentration （0.5% and 1%） or copper at high concentration （0.04%） had a positive effect on leaf area, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total chlorophyll, fruit weight, fruit number and yield per tree as well as fruit diameter, pith thick, pulp weight, seed weight and total soluble solid. The interaction between potassium and copper significantly enhanced all detected traits, since trees receiving 1% and sprayed with 0.04% of copper was characterized by the highest values of all growth and yield characteristics compared to the lowest values at untreated trees （control）.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773045,21772030,51922032,and 21961160720)for financial support。
文摘The power conversion efficiency for single-junction solar cells is limited by the Shockley-Quiesser limit.An effective approach to realize high efficiency is to develop multi-junction cells.These years have witnessed the rapid development of organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells.The excellent optoelectronic properties and tunable bandgaps of perovskite materials make them potential candidates for developing tandem solar cells,by combining with silicon,Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)and organic solar cells.In this review,we present the recent progress of perovskite-based tandem solar cells,including perovskite/silicon,perovskite/perovskite,perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2),and perovskite/organic cells.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for perovskite-based tandem solar cells are discussed.
