Social stock for metal determines secondary or recoverable resources to a certain extent.Top-down analysis method for the studying of metal in social stock was given.Influences of metal consumption under three circums...Social stock for metal determines secondary or recoverable resources to a certain extent.Top-down analysis method for the studying of metal in social stock was given.Influences of metal consumption under three circumstances,that is keeping constant,varying in a linear trend and in an exponential trend,on one kind of metal’s social stock,recyclable ratio and average age were analyzed.Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock for China during the period 2006-2009 were calculated.The results reveal that Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock kept increasing and reached 88.9 million tons and 51.4 millions tons in 2009,respectively,their average recyclable ratios are 1.45% and 0.30%,and the average ages are 4.65 years and 6.89 years,respectively.The recyclable ratios and average ages of Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock will rise in future along with the decline of the increasing rate of aluminum consumption and copper consumption.展开更多
Products with long life-spans are generally acknowledged to have a significant contribution towards sustainability. This paper provides an overview and discussion of the two years results of a longitudinal study perfo...Products with long life-spans are generally acknowledged to have a significant contribution towards sustainability. This paper provides an overview and discussion of the two years results of a longitudinal study performed with users and several cork products. The research aimed to tackle the process of life-span, and the results include： （1） the identification and interrelation of the aspects influencing the life-span of the products; （2） the evolution of life-span over time; and （3） new knowledge and guidelines arising about the material. Overall, most cork products are still being used, have a very good life-span, and most issues arising are material related.展开更多
With the application of energy-saving, environmental and durable LED lighting products, the reliability testing has become a pivot point for the large scale industrialization and popularization. The paper briefly intr...With the application of energy-saving, environmental and durable LED lighting products, the reliability testing has become a pivot point for the large scale industrialization and popularization. The paper briefly introduces two methods to be respectively applied in the accelerated depreciatinn lesting for the luminous flex of LED lighting products and the life of outdoor LED-driving power, which can sharply shorten the time for lifetime lest. providing references for the LED lighting products＇ reliability evaluation.展开更多
Chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcement is considered as one of the major mechanisms resulting in the reduction of structural resistance of reinforced concrete structural elements located in marine and other a...Chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcement is considered as one of the major mechanisms resulting in the reduction of structural resistance of reinforced concrete structural elements located in marine and other aggressive environments. A study of reinforced concrete structures located at the Fangcheng dock in the Beibu Gulf port, China, was present. The result from field survey indicates that the concrete cover depth and chloride diffusion coefficient fit best normal distribution and lognormal distribution, respectively. The service life of structure is about 55 a, while initiation time is 45 a. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the most influential factor of the structure service life prediction is concrete cover, followed by diffusion coefficient, diffusion decay index, critical chloride concentration, surface chloride concentration, current density and localized pitting corrosion. Finally, the effects of diffusion decay index and critical chloride concentration on structure service life prediction are discussed.展开更多
基金Project (71003018) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (N110402003) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Social stock for metal determines secondary or recoverable resources to a certain extent.Top-down analysis method for the studying of metal in social stock was given.Influences of metal consumption under three circumstances,that is keeping constant,varying in a linear trend and in an exponential trend,on one kind of metal’s social stock,recyclable ratio and average age were analyzed.Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock for China during the period 2006-2009 were calculated.The results reveal that Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock kept increasing and reached 88.9 million tons and 51.4 millions tons in 2009,respectively,their average recyclable ratios are 1.45% and 0.30%,and the average ages are 4.65 years and 6.89 years,respectively.The recyclable ratios and average ages of Al-contents and Cu-contents in social stock will rise in future along with the decline of the increasing rate of aluminum consumption and copper consumption.
文摘Products with long life-spans are generally acknowledged to have a significant contribution towards sustainability. This paper provides an overview and discussion of the two years results of a longitudinal study performed with users and several cork products. The research aimed to tackle the process of life-span, and the results include： （1） the identification and interrelation of the aspects influencing the life-span of the products; （2） the evolution of life-span over time; and （3） new knowledge and guidelines arising about the material. Overall, most cork products are still being used, have a very good life-span, and most issues arising are material related.
文摘With the application of energy-saving, environmental and durable LED lighting products, the reliability testing has become a pivot point for the large scale industrialization and popularization. The paper briefly introduces two methods to be respectively applied in the accelerated depreciatinn lesting for the luminous flex of LED lighting products and the life of outdoor LED-driving power, which can sharply shorten the time for lifetime lest. providing references for the LED lighting products＇ reliability evaluation.
基金Project(41274012) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcement is considered as one of the major mechanisms resulting in the reduction of structural resistance of reinforced concrete structural elements located in marine and other aggressive environments. A study of reinforced concrete structures located at the Fangcheng dock in the Beibu Gulf port, China, was present. The result from field survey indicates that the concrete cover depth and chloride diffusion coefficient fit best normal distribution and lognormal distribution, respectively. The service life of structure is about 55 a, while initiation time is 45 a. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the most influential factor of the structure service life prediction is concrete cover, followed by diffusion coefficient, diffusion decay index, critical chloride concentration, surface chloride concentration, current density and localized pitting corrosion. Finally, the effects of diffusion decay index and critical chloride concentration on structure service life prediction are discussed.
