司法实践中对手机短信作为证据的认定

在现实生活中,人们经常使用移动电话发送和接收短信。在司法实践中,涉及移动电话短信息作为证据的案件不断出现。移动电话短信息作为一种新的证据形式进入了诉讼领域,对传统的证据形式提出了挑战。在诉讼中,如何对其定性是证据理论和实务上亟待解决的问题。同时,对证据理论的研究也需要不断创新。

A new measure for evaluating spatially related properties of traffic information credibility

With the wide applications of sensor network technology in traffic information acquisition systems,a new measure will be quite necessary to evaluate spatially related properties of traffic information credibility.The heterogeneity of spatial distribution of information credibility from sensor networks is analyzed and a new measure,information credibility function(ICF),is proposed to describe this heterogeneity.Three possible functional forms of sensor ICF and their corresponding expressions are presented.Then,two feasible operations of spatial superposition of sensor ICFs are discussed.Finally,a numerical example is introduced to show the calibration method of sensor ICF and obtain the spatially related properties of expressway in Beijing.The results show that the sensor ICF of expressway in Beijing possesses a negative exponent property.The traffic information is more abundant at or near the locations of sensor,while with the distance away from the sensor increasing,the traffic information credibility will be declined by an exponential trend.The new measure provides theoretical bases for the optimal locations of traffic sensor networks and the mechanism research of spatial distribution of traffic information credibility.

论反垄断诉讼中的专家证人

在反垄断诉讼中,涉案商品服务的相关市场如何界定、当事方的限制性行为是否具有排除限制竞争效果等问题,往往成为双方对事实争议的焦点问题。而这些事实问题并非普通的事实问题,而是科学事实问题,需要通过经济学分析、社会学分析等科学方法加以论证。为辅助法庭对案件事实进行查明,双方可以申请具有专业资质的专家提供专家意见或证词,对所主张的事实加以论证。然而,法庭需要通过明确专家证人资质要求,来筛选真正能够对事实认定起到辅助作用的专家。此外,法庭还需要确立证词可采信性标准,审查评估专家证人证词的可信度,最终决定对专家证人证词是否采信。法学专家不能成为专家证人对科学事实进行论证,法官可以在判决书参考法学专家观点来增强判决说理,但法律条文仍应由法官来解释。