铁路软件可靠性测评技术及应用研究

跟随"一带一路"战略的实施,中国高铁出口正在加速进行。在"互联网+"兴起的新形势下,计算机网络已经渗透到铁路运输的方方面面,铁路的安全运营直接依托于计算机安全,保障铁路安全可靠的核心是软件的安全可靠。阐述国内外铁路软件的可靠性测评标准、可靠性测评过程,对可靠性模型进行分类总结,回顾可靠性测评在我国安全关键行业内的应用情况,并针对铁路行业的软件可靠性测评提出思考和探究。

军事综合电子信息系统可靠性测评技术现状

论述了军事综合电子信息系统可靠性测评的必要性及所面临的挑战

软件可靠性测评相关理论综述

软件测试保证和提高软件质量的重要工作,软件可靠性是评价软件质量的重要指标。在总结国内外软件可靠性研究的现状与发展的基础上,首先对软件可靠性的定义、度量和软件可靠性工程进行论述,然后针对软件测试和软件可靠性评价的相关技术和两者之间的联系进行了重点的研究。

一种模块化的实时软件可靠性测评方法

根据实时软件的可靠性评估需要,在分析传统软件可靠性增长模型局限性的基础上,提出了一种模块化的实时软件可靠性测评方法。该方法将系统的可靠性指标分配到各任务模块,并将贝叶斯理论用于单个模块的可靠性测评。相比基于可靠性增长模型的传统测试方法,该方法可降低系统测试的复杂程度,提高评估精度,特别适合对高可靠性软件的测评。

基于体系结构的软件可靠性测评研究

针对传统高可靠性软件测评方法存在的问题,在分析基于体系结构测评重要性的基础上提出了基于软件体系结构的可靠性测评方法.将软件可靠性增长测试和软件可靠性验证测试有机统一起来,从模块级对可靠性进行控制,并提供可靠性先验信息.该方法有利于实现软件可靠性快速增长,有效减少测试用例量.

军工产品嵌入式软件可靠性评测技术

软件可靠性是衡量软件质量的重要指标之一,软件可靠性评测是获取软件可靠性定量指标的关键手段和方法,合理、有效地获取软件可靠性数据对评价软件质量具有重要意义。该文结合有关军工产品中嵌入式软件的开发过程,较为详尽地分析了软件可靠性评测的全过程,在"测试-排错-新版本"的迭代过程中采用软件负载压力测试方法和可靠性统计技术,跟踪故障强度的变化,并对软件失效数据进行采集与分析,从而达到软件可靠性评价的目的,最后,对软件测试与软件可靠性测试进行了比较分析,提出了各自测试的侧重点。通过对软件实行可靠性评测,可使软件产品在投入使用或装载在硬件产品之前就提高了其系统可靠性,使军工产品系统可靠性的提高有了更充分的保证和支持。

容错计算机系统的可靠性建模和分布式仿真

对容错计算机系统的可靠性进行评估是一项重要而困难的工作。为容错计算机系统的各个组成部件建立了部件级故障模型,并以此为基础建立了整个容错计算机系统的可靠性测评模型。基于所建立模型,我们提出了分布式仿真的思想,它把系统的各个部件仿真为网络上的一个站点,并增设一台服务器来对整个系统的可靠性性能进行统计和分析。仿真结果验证了建立模型的正确性和方法的有效性。

一种嵌入式系统的可靠性测试与评价方法

使用Markov模型进行嵌入式系统的可靠性测评,能够明显地节约计算时间,并保证可靠性测评的准确性,因而越来越受到人们的关注。在Markov模型中,可以使用敏感性因子描述嵌入式系统可靠性,建立敏感性因子和测试资源的关联,为系统模块分配可靠性指标,把嵌入式系统的可靠性测试,转化为相应的优化问题。文中介绍了一种基于Markov模型的嵌入式系统可靠性测试与评价方法,包括测评框架、设计指标分配和敏感性分析等内容,说明如何依照可靠性测评框架对嵌入式系统进行可靠性测评。

数控机床可靠性加速试验与评估研究

针对数控机床可靠性快速测评技术研究不足、行业内缺少相应的可靠性快速测评方法的问题,提出一种基于修正应力的逆幂律模型评估方法。首先,应用AHP方法建立加速应力层次修正结构对加速应力进行修正;其次,基于修正应力的加速模型确定了试验的总体试验方案、流程、剖面以及数据采集方式,并采用修正应力对逆幂律模型进行求解;最后,在某型号国产数控弯管机上开展可靠性加速测评试验。对试验数据中的加速应力应用该方法进行修正并与同型号设备跟踪统计常规试验结果对比,威布尔形状参数的相对误差由7.5%降低至4.7%,MTBF点估计值得相对误差由16.9%降低至5.9%,验证了本测评方法的可行性和准确性。

Reliability evaluation of bladder accumulator with no failure data

As a bladder accumulator is a high reliable and long life component in a hydraulic system,its cost is high and it takes a lot of time to test its reliability,therefore,a reliability test with small sample is performed,and no failure data is obtained using the method of fixed time truncation. In the case of Weibull distribution,a life reliability model of bladder energy storage is established by Bayesian method using the optimal confidence intervals method,a model of one-sided lower confidence intervals of the reliability and one-sided lower confidence intervals model of the reliability life are established. Results of experiments show that the evaluation method of no failure data under Weibull distribution is a good way to evaluate the reliability of the accumulator,which is convenient for engineering application,and the reliability of the accumulator has theoretical and practical significance.

Real-time reliability evaluation based on damaged measurement degradation data

A method was proposed to evaluate the real-time reliability for a single product based on damaged measurement degradation data.Most researches on degradation analysis often assumed that the measurement process did not have any impact on the product's performance.However,in some cases,the measurement process may exert extra stress on products being measured.To obtain trustful results in such a situation,a new degradation model was derived.Then,by fusing the prior information of product and its own on-line degradation data,the real-time reliability was evaluated on the basis of Bayesian formula.To make the proposed method more practical,a procedure based on expectation maximization (EM) algorithm was presented to estimate the unknown parameters.Finally,the performance of the proposed method was illustrated by a simulation study.The results show that ignoring the influence of the damaged measurement process can lead to biased evaluation results,if the damaged measurement process is involved.

Economic Impact of Higher Timber Truck Loads on Louisiana Bridges

Due to the limited amount of funds available for bridge inspection, maintenance and rehabilitation, the evaluation of load capacity for existing bridges is crucial to the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. This paper includes the development of a methodology to assess the economic impact of overweight vehicles with permits, hauling Louisiana harvest products on state bridges. The proposed higher truck loads are applied on the existing bridges and their effects are determined using deterministic load capacity evaluations as well as reliability assessments. The target rehability level is derived from bridge structures designed to satisfy AASHTO Standard Design Specifications and also satisfy safe and adequate performance levels. The amount of harvest produced is used to select a representative sample of bridges to provide specific examples of expected changes in load ratings and safety levels. The bridges include simple and continuous span behavior. Strength and serviceability criteria are investigated under current legal loads and the expected changes, due to the proposed new weights, are determined. The results are used to assess the cost of crossing a bridge and the permit fees for the proposed truck weight regulation.

通信

Y2000-62318-295 0014670通信:大会报告(含2篇论文)=Commcnication-plenarysession[会,英]//IEEE TENCON’98 Vol.2.—295～315(NiK)本部分收录二篇大会报告,内容涉及蜂窝无线通信的最新进展,人类空间探索的技术需求研究。0014671中心位置理论与城市邮局的分布=Central place theoryand distribution of post offices in cities[刊,译]/王伟民//中国邮电高校学报.—2000,7(1～2).—89～93(E)0014672军事综合电子信息系统可靠性测评技术现状[刊]/郭树端//电子产品可靠性与环境试验.—2000,(3).—15～17(F)

Real-time reliability assessment based on acceleration monitoring for bridge

Bridge health monitoring （BHM） has become increasingly significant in the life-cycle of the structure such as maintenance, repair and rehabilitation. It is necessary to use BHM information efficiently to assess the working conditions of the bridge. The main objective of this study is to develop an effective method and establish a framework for the real-time reliability assessment based on BHM acceleration information. The first-passage probability and its further development have been proposed to as- sess the reliability probability. The first-passage probability shows the probability of that a scalar process exceeds a designated threshold during a given time interval. The advantage of the proposed method is the assessment of the real-time reliability probability based on the monitoring information during an assessment reference period. Furthermore, the velocity data and displacement data are calculated from the acceleration monitoring data using the relationships between their power spectral density （PSD） functions. The real-time reliability assessment of Donghai Bridge, which is the first large scale cross-sea bridge in China, demonstrates that the proposed method is efficient and effective.