一种改进的光呼吸测定叶室

光呼吸是植物的一种重要生理现象。运用气流法测定植物的光呼吸，需要配备的一个重要装置就是叶室。用于测定光呼吸的叶室必须密闭严格，不能漏气。否则，影响测定结果的准确性。

自制群体叶室在猫爪草光合特性测量中的应用研究

[目的]研究自制群体叶室在猫爪草光合特性测定中的应用,以解决在猫爪草光合特性测量中,猫爪草叶片小、贴地生长不易测量的困难,为小叶植物的光合测量提供方便。[方法]以有机玻璃为材料,群体叶室设计为立方体,尺寸为20 cm×20 cm×20 cm,光合仪接驳口为圆形,直径为65 mm,制作与CI-34O便携式光合测定系统配合使用的群体叶室。[结果]结果表明,这种叶室密封性好,接驳容易,简单实用,操作方便,快速省时,采用开路测量模式测量猫爪草光合特性效果良好,解决了原配叶室存在叶室较大,夹住叶片时极易折断叶柄及叶室和光合仪组装完成后难以对贴地生长叶片进行测量等问题。[结论]自制群体叶室造价低廉,制作简单,使用效果好,可以广泛在植物群体光合作用测量中使用。

SW型水封式叶室的设计应用

为了解决在红外线CO_2分析法测定植物光合作用中气封式叶室、胶泥封口式叶室和夹式叶室封闭不严及功能不全的问题,作者设计了SW型水封式叶室,这种叶室密闭严格,能用于测定净先合速率、暗呼吸速率、先呼吸速率和CO_2补偿点等项目,操作方便,快速省时。

用开放式气路测定光合速率的叶室

利用红外线CO_2气体分析仪(RIGA)测定植物叶片的光合速率,可根据实验目的选用密闭式气路、半密闭式气路和开放式气路,这三类气路分别具有各自的特点、应用条件和配套设备。作为开放式气路的光合作用同化室。

内支承体、导叶室专用镗孔工具

阐述了轴伸贯流式水轮机内支承体与导叶室同镗导叶孔专用镗孔工具的设计,对内支承体、导叶室专用镗孔工具的结构原理、校正方法、设计要点以及误差计算从理论上进行了分析,经生产实践证明,使用内支承体、导叶室专用镗孔工具同镗导叶孔,完全能满足产品的设计要求。

FW型水封式叶室——一种测定植物光合作用的叶室

在植物光合作用的测定中,叶室是红外线CO2分析法的一个重要装置。目前用于测定植物光合作用的叶室主要有气封式叶室、胶泥封口式叶室和夹子式叶室。但这几种叶室都有其不足之处。气封式叶室无法测定光呼吸和CO2补偿点;胶泥封口式叶室封、御胶泥麻烦费时,而且常易损伤叶片;夹子式叶室不容易封严。为克服以上叶室的缺点,我们设计了另一种叶室——FW型水封式叶室。现将此种叶室介绍于后:

FGC—2型^(14)C 植物光合速率测定装置通过技术鉴定

FGC—2型14C 植物光合速率测定装置具有轻便可携,灵活准确,标记速度快（20秒钟）,可在田间、野外大批量测定活体植株的光合速率,备有配套的叶室和贮气筒,适应性广,可满足不同作物测定光合速率的需要;放射性废气回收完全,无污染等优点。

STUDY ON THE GENUS ORALIA MALAISE (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE) OF CHINA ①

The genus Oralia Malaise is recorded from China with three species described as new to science: Oralia fulva sp. nov., Oralia acuritheca sp. nov., Oralia tibetana sp. nov.. The genus Himindica Saini, 1996 is treated as junior synonym of Oralia Malaise, 1961. Two new specific synonyms and two new combinations are proposed: Oralia nigroclypeata Malaise, 1961 = Himindica nigrothorax Saini et Vasu, 1997, syn. nov., Oralia fossulata Malaise, 1961 = Himindica maculipleuris Saini et Vasu, 1997, syn. nov.; Oralia himalayaensis (Saini et Deep, 1991), comb. nov., Oralia meghalayaensis (Saini et Vasu, 1997), comb. nov. A synoptic key is also provided for the known species of Oralia Malaise.

BAU型田间光合测定系统(简报)

BAU 型田间光合测定系统是由北京农业大学农学系最近研制而成的一种新型田间光合测定系统。它具有多功能、智能化、便携式、可组合的特点。特别适用于野外,尤其是作物田间测定。它可同时测定出光合、蒸腾、气孔阻抗和水分利用效率四项生理指标及光合有效辐射、温度、相对湿度和 CO2浓度四项生态因子。在测定方式上可进行开始系统测定也可闭路系统的测定,能进行单叶测定也能进行群体测定。有不同类型的叶室,适用于各种植物的测定。并将测定结果立即打印出来,同时也贮存机内可与计算机通讯,进行较大规模的数据处理。该系统选用先进的单片机对四种高精度传感器（CO2、光合有效辐射、温度。

介绍我县黄建清种桑养蚕增产增收的验经

我县泉水乡旧州村委退休教师黄建清,全家5口人,劳力3人,原有地界桑2亩,1988年租用旱水田14.3亩,全部种上良种桑,桑园面积扩大到16.3亩.种后春旱影响,缺株严重.但由于种前深沟厚肥,种后又加强肥水管理.因此,2月下旬～3月中旬种桑,5月下旬便投产养蚕,全年养蚕17批,蚕种51.5张,总产鲜茧1470.3公斤,收入现金19104.42元,除去各项开支4684.00元,纯收入14820.98元,张均产茧28.5公斤。

番木瓜植株单叶及冠层气体交换参数的比较

据《Scientia Horticulturae》的一篇研究报道（https：//doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.06.014）,来自马里兰州立大学的Tiago Massi Ferraz等人比较了番木瓜植株单张叶片和整个冠层气体交换参数。由于螺旋叶序,番木瓜冠层结构使所有叶片能够接收足够的阳光,以优化叶片气体交换。因此,

Molecular Cloning and Sequence Analysis ofBoPGIP2 Gene from Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra

PGIP gene was obtained from Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra, named BoPGIP2. The full length of BoPGIP2 gene is 1 102 bp and the exon is 993 bp which encodes a protein of 330 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 37.1 kDa, interrupted by one intron of 95 bp in, length. Sequence analysis revealed that it has five potential N-giycosylation sites, two protein kinase C phosphrylation sites, five casin kinase Ⅱ phosphrylation sites and four N-myristoylation sites. The amino acids sequences alignment confirmed that ^145 LRR stucture was highly conserved in all aligned PGIP sequences.

Soil carbon dioxide fluxes of a typical broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain, China

The forest ecosystem plays an important role in the global carbon cycling. A study was conducted to evaluate soil CO2 flux and its seasonal and diurnal variation with the air and soil temperatures by using static closed chamber technique in a typical broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest area on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, China. The experiment was carried out through the day and night in the growing season (from June to September) in situ and sample gas was analyzed by a gas chromatograph. Results showed that the forest floor was a large net source of carbon, and soil CO2 fluxes had an obvi-ous law of seasonal and diel variation. The soil CO2 flux of broad-leaved/Korean pine mixed forest was in the range of 0.302.42 mmol穖-2穝-1 with the mean value of 0.98 mmol穖-2穝-1. An examination on the seasonal pattern of soil CO2 emission suggested that the variability in soil CO2 flux could be correlated with variations in soil temperature, and the maximum of mean CO2 flux occurred in July ((1.27±23%) mmol穖-2穝-1) and the minimum was in September ((0.50±28%) mmol穖-2穝-1). The fluctuations in diel soil CO2 flux were also correlated with changes in soil temperature; however, there existed a factor for a time lag. Soil CO2 flux from the forest floor was strongly related to soil temperature and had the highest correlation with temperature at 6-cm depth of soil. Q10 values based on air temperature and soil temperature of different soil depths were at the ranges of 2.09–3.40.

Hyperhomocysteinemia in ulcerative colitis is related to folate levels

AIM: To study the prevalence and clinical significance of hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys), an independent factor for arterial and venous thrombosis, in a group of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS: Fasting homocysteine (Hcys), folate, and vitamin B12 serum levels were measured in 40 UC patients and 50 healthy controls. Clinical data regarding UC were gathered.RESULTS: Median serum Hcys levels in UC patients were similar to those in controls (12.26 μmol/L vs 12.32 μmol/L), but the prevalence of hHcys was higher in UC patients than in controls (30% vs 10%, P= 0.028). UC significantly increased the risk of hHcys (adjusted odds ratio: 4.125;95% CI: 1.26-13.44). Multivariate regression analysis showed that male sex, folate and vitamin B12 deficiency or lower serum values were significant independent predictors of higher Hcys levels in UC patients (r2 = 0.4; P＜0.001).CONCLUSION: hHcys is common in UC patients and it is related to folate and vitamin B12 deficiency or lower serum values. It would be reasonable for patients with UC to receive folate and vitamin B complex supplements as a prophylactic measure.

Influence of Different Root Temperature Treatment on Microstructure of Tomato Leaves

Following the study on effects of different root temperature treatments on growth and stomata of tomato plants under high temperature in summer, the influence of different root temperature treatments on microstructure of tomato leaves was studied in depth in this paper. The tomato plants were cultured with circulating nutrient solutions. Under three different root temperature treatments [（23±1）, （28±1）, （33±1）℃], the microstructure of tomato leaves were observed and measured with paraffin section method. The results showed that with the increase of root temperature, the thickness, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness of tomato leaves all decreased, but the epidermis thickness and palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness ratio increased. Therefore, increased root temperature led to drought stress to tomato plants, and in order to adapt to the hot and drought environment, tomato plants changed their structural characteristics.

An Accuracy Improvement for the Clinical Test Result by United ISO-GUM and QE

This research developed the technology which united ISO-GUM （International Organization of Standard-Guide to Express of Uncertainty in Measurement） and QE （Quality Engineer） strategically and employed both feature efficiently. Although to tow technology of purpose use is same, each has future. The purpose is scheduled to improve the accuracy as a result of the clinical examinations. The result of research was used for diagnosis by equivalent Quality Control （eqQC） of the same level when and where, that are needed for broader-based medical system of the time of IT-era. Since National Institute of Standard and Technology （NIST） is recommend use of complicated operation by ISO-GUM for uniting, realization required the newest high quality computer technology. The algorithm of the complexity system of operation is that Fast Fourier Transform （FFT）, Inverse Fast Fourier Transform （IFFT） and Multi-variance Analysis （MA） are needed in Fig. 4. The main new improving points are changed of ambiguous expression method of data, and the pursuit which the cause of worsens accuracy put into data. All data with an assurance reported the final result for patient or donor. Medical laboratory quality system service is offered essential in the laboratory to be correct result for health care by Good Laboratory Practices （GLP） useful ISO 15189. Quality Assurance （QA） is achieved though system reliability.

Allelopathic Potential of Rice （Oryza sativa L.） Cultivars on Barnyard Grass （Echinochloa crus-galh~

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted to assess the allelopathic potential of 12 rice cultivars on barnyard grass. Polyethylene glycol （PEG） was used to determine the influence of osmotic potential on the bioassay materials. Effect of different concentrations of stem, root, and leaf extracts of rice cultivars on seed germination, radicle and primary shoot length of barnyard grass seedlings, and rate of respiration of root pieces were investigated in the laboratory experiments. Shoot height and dry weight of weed stands were studied in the greenhouse, Also total peroxidase activity, chlorophyll pigment and mitotic index were determined. Results indicated that, among rice cultivars, Mehr, Tarom-mahali, G3, Nemat, and Shahpasand caused the most inhibition effects on investigated factors. Amol-3 showed the least negative effects on growth of seedlings and stands of barnyard grass. In laboratory, the Mehr cultivar demonstrated the maximum inhibitory effects by reducing barnyard grass seed germination percentage （88%）, radicle length （100%）, primary shoot length （83%）, and root respiration （85%） Cell division, expressed as mitotic index, was significantly reduced in the presence of rice aqueous extracts. Mehr cultivar had higher inhibitory effect on mitosis compared to Amol-3. In greenhouse, the same cultivar showed the maximum inhibitory effect by reducing barnyard grass height （45%） and dry weight （64%）. With increase in extract concentration, the inhibitory effect increased. Leaf extract from rice plants was more effective compared with the root and stem extracts. Comparison of rice cultivars and PEG indicated that any reduction in germination and growth of barnyard grass using rice extract concentrations of 5% and 10% must have been the result of allelochemicals in the extracts. Lower extract concentrations showed a more pronounced inhibitory effect in the laboratory as compared to the greenhouse studies. These results suggest that rice leaf extracts may be a source of natural herbicide.

Allelopathic Potential of Orange Jessamine （Murraya paniculata L.） against Weeds

The use of allelopathic plants is an alternative technique for controlling weeds in sustainable crop production. This experiment evaluated the allelopathic potential of Murraya paniculata （L.） against four weeds viz., Bidens pilosa L., Amarathus spinosus L., Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv. and Chloris barbata Sw.. In laboratory test, aqueous extracts from M. paniculata leaves at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 g/L were tested on germination and seedling growth of the weeds. The extracts showed inhibitory effect, varying with weed species and extract concentration. Increase in concentrations increased the degree of inhibition. Concentration at 50 g/L and 100 g/L, completely inhibited seed germination of C. barbara and A. spinosus. Pot experiments were done in a glasshouse, with dry leaf powder as mulch on the soil surface at levels of 2, 4 and 8 t/ha. Dry leaf powder reduced the emergence and growth of all tested weeds, varying with dose and species. Chloris barbara is the most sensitive to M paniculata leaf mulch while E. crus-galli is the most resistant. These results suggest that M. paniculata had the potential lbr weed control and might be the source of a natural herbicide.

Application of Laboratory Information Management System in Tea Pesticide Analysis Laboratory

The aim of this paper is to establish LIMS （laboratory information management system） for the tea pesticides analysis accredited laboratories in Taiwan. The LIMS could help Tungting station and Nantou pesticide inspection station to computerize the pesticide analysis data. It has completed eight management subsystems so far, including the basic information management subsystem, thesample processing management subsystem, the analysis data management subsystem, the analysis report management subsystem, the inspection standard management subsystem, the instrument connection management subsystem, the laboratory personnel training management subsystem and the laboratory quality document management subsystem. Using the automatic tea pesticide analysis information management system could help laboratory operations to reduce the amount of excess paperwork and human resource, which could ensure the analysis data quality is traceable and reliable.

Numerical simulation on exploringinfluencing factors of wind-driven naturalventilation effect in large indoor dock

The shipbuilding industry is booming and the health problems of workers caused by the harsh indoor dock environmentforce us to explore efficient and reasonable ventilation methods suitable for large workshops.Due to the strongspecificity of large workshops,general or local ventilation methods cannot be universally applied.It has great potentialand good economy to improve indoor environment by changing natural ventilation design.Computational fluiddynamics(CFD)has gradually become a powerful tool for predicting indoor and outdoor airflow organization andoptimizing indoor ventilation.This paper adopts CFD to study the effect of the inflow wind speed,the position of theside wall shutters,the area ratio and form of roof ventilators on the effectiveness of natural ventilation in a large shipyarddriven by wind pressure.The results show that the influence on total ventilation volume is more obvious whenthe intake side is shaded than the exhaust side.Different incoming wind speeds will affect the wind pressure at theventilation position,which is the decisive external factor affecting the natural ventilation of docks.When the area ratioof roof ventilators increases to a certain extent,its continued increase has an insignificant effect on the total ventilationvolume.The influence of changing the arrangement of the roof ventilator on the natural ventilation effect can beneglected when the area ratio is kept constant.