[Objective] The study aimed to compare the difference of organ morphology and yield composition in 10 rice cultivars with 3 sowing date,and to correlate leaf length and plant height with exogenous variables like tempe...[Objective] The study aimed to compare the difference of organ morphology and yield composition in 10 rice cultivars with 3 sowing date,and to correlate leaf length and plant height with exogenous variables like temperature accumulation and sunshine duration.[Method] Detailed data of organ morphology and yield component were obtained and analyzed through repeated field observations and destructive samplings over the growing season,including leaf length,node number,tiller number,plant height and grain yield of 10 rice cultivars（Takanari,IR72,Sankeiso,CH86,IR65564-44-2-2,Nipponbare,Takenari,Banten,WAB450-1-B-P-38-HB,Wuxiangjing 9） with 3 sowing dates（May 11,May 22,and June 19,2002）.[Result] Max leaf length for each node increased at the early growth stage and decreased at the later growth stage.The leaf length of CH86 and Banten was the maximum in 4 Indica cultivars and 6 Japonica cultivars,respectively.Node number and plant height decreased with the later sowing date,and that of CH86 was the maximum.The maximum grain yield was found in Wuxiangjing 9,and the greatest genotypic variation existed in rice yield,panicle number,spikelet per panicle,and grain weight;the grain yield ranged from 4 358 to 7 443 kg ha-1;the panicle number ranged from 158×104 to 330×104 ha-1;no direct correlation between yield,tiller number and plant height was observed in this experiment.[Conclusion] Empirical regression fitting of the resulting data was developed for leaf length and plant height prediction and yield component comparison,which could be used to construct deeper and more mechanistic models or to optimize rice growing conditions.展开更多
The expansion of hydroponics in many countries of the world in the last few decades may be ascribed to the ability of soilless growing systems to avoid various problems arising from the use of the soil. Cucumber （Cuc...The expansion of hydroponics in many countries of the world in the last few decades may be ascribed to the ability of soilless growing systems to avoid various problems arising from the use of the soil. Cucumber （Cucurnis sativus L.） and zucchini （Cucurbita pepo L.） plants were grown in closed-soilless culture under unheated-greenhouse conditions at the experimental farm of University of Tuscia, Central Italy to evaluate the effects of four substrates （rockwool, pumice, perlite, and cocofiber） on growth, yield and plant mineral composition. For both cultures, plants grown in cocofiber, perlite and pumice yielded more than those grown in rockwool. The better temperature regime in cocofiber, perlite and pumice was due to the greater thermal inertia compared to rockwool slabs. Thc concentration of N in zucchini and cucumber leaves was significantly higher in cocofiber, perlite and pumice in comparison to the rockwool treatment. The concentration of K was significantly affected by the substrate only for the zucchini squash with the highest value recorded on the organic substrate （cocofiber）, whereas the Ca concentration was significantly influenced by the growing media only for cucumber with the highest value observed on pumice. Finally, the lowest Mg concentration in leaf tissue was observed on plants grown with the rockwool substrate for both zucchini squash and cucumber. We can conclude that cocofiber, perlite and pumice are suitable for zucchini and cucumber production in closed soilless system, whereas the use of rockwool is more suitable for crops grown under heated greenhouse conditions.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101084)Scientific Research Fund for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to compare the difference of organ morphology and yield composition in 10 rice cultivars with 3 sowing date,and to correlate leaf length and plant height with exogenous variables like temperature accumulation and sunshine duration.[Method] Detailed data of organ morphology and yield component were obtained and analyzed through repeated field observations and destructive samplings over the growing season,including leaf length,node number,tiller number,plant height and grain yield of 10 rice cultivars（Takanari,IR72,Sankeiso,CH86,IR65564-44-2-2,Nipponbare,Takenari,Banten,WAB450-1-B-P-38-HB,Wuxiangjing 9） with 3 sowing dates（May 11,May 22,and June 19,2002）.[Result] Max leaf length for each node increased at the early growth stage and decreased at the later growth stage.The leaf length of CH86 and Banten was the maximum in 4 Indica cultivars and 6 Japonica cultivars,respectively.Node number and plant height decreased with the later sowing date,and that of CH86 was the maximum.The maximum grain yield was found in Wuxiangjing 9,and the greatest genotypic variation existed in rice yield,panicle number,spikelet per panicle,and grain weight;the grain yield ranged from 4 358 to 7 443 kg ha-1;the panicle number ranged from 158×104 to 330×104 ha-1;no direct correlation between yield,tiller number and plant height was observed in this experiment.[Conclusion] Empirical regression fitting of the resulting data was developed for leaf length and plant height prediction and yield component comparison,which could be used to construct deeper and more mechanistic models or to optimize rice growing conditions.
文摘The expansion of hydroponics in many countries of the world in the last few decades may be ascribed to the ability of soilless growing systems to avoid various problems arising from the use of the soil. Cucumber （Cucurnis sativus L.） and zucchini （Cucurbita pepo L.） plants were grown in closed-soilless culture under unheated-greenhouse conditions at the experimental farm of University of Tuscia, Central Italy to evaluate the effects of four substrates （rockwool, pumice, perlite, and cocofiber） on growth, yield and plant mineral composition. For both cultures, plants grown in cocofiber, perlite and pumice yielded more than those grown in rockwool. The better temperature regime in cocofiber, perlite and pumice was due to the greater thermal inertia compared to rockwool slabs. Thc concentration of N in zucchini and cucumber leaves was significantly higher in cocofiber, perlite and pumice in comparison to the rockwool treatment. The concentration of K was significantly affected by the substrate only for the zucchini squash with the highest value recorded on the organic substrate （cocofiber）, whereas the Ca concentration was significantly influenced by the growing media only for cucumber with the highest value observed on pumice. Finally, the lowest Mg concentration in leaf tissue was observed on plants grown with the rockwool substrate for both zucchini squash and cucumber. We can conclude that cocofiber, perlite and pumice are suitable for zucchini and cucumber production in closed soilless system, whereas the use of rockwool is more suitable for crops grown under heated greenhouse conditions.
