The beginning of the Japanese Upper Paleolithic has mainly been examined using two major models:the Middle Paleolithic evolutionary model within the archipelago and the continental Upper Paleolithic diffusion/migratio...The beginning of the Japanese Upper Paleolithic has mainly been examined using two major models:the Middle Paleolithic evolutionary model within the archipelago and the continental Upper Paleolithic diffusion/migration model.However,recent archeological data from Japan and nearby countries are challenging such simple models.This paper critically reviews previous chronology of the Japanese Paleolithic,including possible Lower and Middle Paleolithic(LP/MP),and attempts to show an alternative model of the beginning of the Japanese Upper Paleolithic.This paper suggests several possible specimens of LP/MP and recommends further geoarchaeological investigation to understand the reliability and cultural relationship between possible LP/MP specimens and the Early Upper Paleolithic(EUP).The start of the Japanese EUP is presently characterized by a flake industry with trapezoids and denticulates around 39-37 kaBP cal on Paleo-Honshu Island,which has partial resemblance with contemporary assemblages in China and the Korean Peninsula,although trapezoids are endemic only to the Japanese EUP and may have derived from the ancestral lithic tradition.Blade technology appeared earliest on Central Paleo-Honshu Island,about 1000 years later than the earliest flake technology.Although blade technology may have originated from the elongated flake technology of the previous period,the sudden simultaneous emergence implies that it diffused from the Korean Peninsula.This paper proposes that blade technology from the Korean Peninsula arrived on the northeastern Paleo-Honshu Island,including the Japan Sea coastal region of western Honshu,rather than the southwest,where flake technology long prospered,due to differences in ecological settings and adaptation strategies between the two regions.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to research effects of P fertilizer and lime on growth of Trrifolium repens, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropur- pureum, to provide references for cultivation of the three plant...[Objective] The aim was to research effects of P fertilizer and lime on growth of Trrifolium repens, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropur- pureum, to provide references for cultivation of the three plants. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted with Trrifolium repens, Charnaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropurpureum in 2010 in order to research effects of lime and P fer-tilizer mixture on growth of the plants in southern hilly acidic red soils. [Result] With lime amount fixed, application of P fertilizer would enhance plant height, total tiller number and dry matter. When P fertilizer was not applied, however, plant height of the three plants achieved the peak by lime at 1.4 g/kg which proved best for improvement of acidity of red soils. With P fertilizer at 200 mg/kg was applied, biomass of Trifolium repens and Macroptilium atropurpureum achieved the highest by lime at 2.1 g/kg, but total biomass of Chamaecrista rotundifolia was the highest by lime at 1.4 g/kg. [Conclusion] The research provides references for planting and production of Trifolium repens, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropur-pureum in southern hilly regions.展开更多
The greenness （SPAD） of uneven-aged leaves of dominant species in the Castanopsis carlessi forest at different altitude gradients in Lingshishan National Forest Park, Fujian Province, China were measured by using po...The greenness （SPAD） of uneven-aged leaves of dominant species in the Castanopsis carlessi forest at different altitude gradients in Lingshishan National Forest Park, Fujian Province, China were measured by using portable chlorophyll meter SPAD-502. In addition, the correlation between SPAD value and the concentration of chlorophyll and foliar nitrogen was also investigated. Significant variations in SPAD values were found between the uneven-aged leaves of different dominant species and different altitude gradients. Regression analysis showed that SPAD value was significantly correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll and the content of foliar nitrogen, indicating that SPAD value could be indicators for foliar chlorophyll and nitrogen. It is suggested that SPAD meter is a useful tool for forest assessments in decision-making and operational nutrient management programs.展开更多
The high-resolution nonlinear simultaneous inversion of petrophysical parameters is based on Bayesian statistics and combines petrophysics with geostatistical a priori information. We used the fast Fourier transform–...The high-resolution nonlinear simultaneous inversion of petrophysical parameters is based on Bayesian statistics and combines petrophysics with geostatistical a priori information. We used the fast Fourier transform–moving average（FFT–MA） and gradual deformation method（GDM） to obtain a reasonable variogram by using structural analysis and geostatistical a priori information of petrophysical parameters. Subsequently, we constructed the likelihood function according to the statistical petrophysical model. Finally, we used the Metropolis algorithm to sample the posteriori probability density and complete the inversion of the petrophysical parameters. We used the proposed method to process data from an oil fi eld in China and found good match between inversion and real data with high-resolution. In addition, the direct inversion of petrophysical parameters avoids the error accumulation and decreases the uncertainty, and increases the computational effi ciency.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the reason for the different leaf colors of pomegranate hybrid progeny. [Method] Spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of three pigments, including chlorophyl...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the reason for the different leaf colors of pomegranate hybrid progeny. [Method] Spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of three pigments, including chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin, in the leaves of eight pomegranate individuals and their parents at growth stage. [Result] The results showed that during the early growth stage, the anthocyanin contents of four pomegranate individuals with red leaves were higher than the control, to be specific, the anthocyanin content of No.5 pomegranate individual reached the highest of 4.12 mg/g; the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of four pomegranate individuals with yellow-green leaves showed consistent dynamic trends with the control, to be specific, the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio of No.4 pomegranate individual reached the highest, while the chlorophyll a/carotenoid b ratio of No.3 pomegranate individual was the lowest. During vigorous growth stage, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin of eight pomegranate individuals showed consistent dynamic trends, with no significant difference with the control. Analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences in the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages and in the content of anthocyanin among different pomegranate individuals, while no significant difference was observed in the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages. [Conclusion] The differences in leaf colors among pomegranate hybrid progeny are caused by different contents and ratios of anthocyanin and chlorophyll at growth stage.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of innovative montmorillonite for diarrhea treatment. [Method] Thirty healthy weanling piglets （Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire） were randomly divided into five...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of innovative montmorillonite for diarrhea treatment. [Method] Thirty healthy weanling piglets （Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire） were randomly divided into five groups and fed with basal diet, basal diet ＋ 1 g/kg innovative montmorillonite, basal diet ＋ 3 g/kg innovative montmorillonite, basal diet ＋ 5 g/kg innovative montmorillonite and basal diet ＋ 3 g/kg Bacillus subtilis microecologic agent, respectively. After four weeks, blood samples were collected via precaval vein, to detect the content of TFF3, NO and SOD in serum by ELISA kits. [Result] Compared with blank control group, the content of TFF3, NO and SOD in high-dose innovative montmorillonite group was extremely significantly increased, extremely significantly reduced and significantly in- creased, respectively; the content of TFF3 and NO in middle-dose innovative mont- morillonite group was significantly increased and significantly reduced, respectively. [Conclusion] Innovative montmorillonite may exert beneficial therapeutic actions on diarrhea by increasing TFF3 and SOD levels and decreasing NO level.展开更多
基金JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 18H03596(PI:Yosuke Kaifu)JP19H01336(PI:Hiroyuki Sato)21H00608(PI:Kazuki Morisaki)。
文摘The beginning of the Japanese Upper Paleolithic has mainly been examined using two major models:the Middle Paleolithic evolutionary model within the archipelago and the continental Upper Paleolithic diffusion/migration model.However,recent archeological data from Japan and nearby countries are challenging such simple models.This paper critically reviews previous chronology of the Japanese Paleolithic,including possible Lower and Middle Paleolithic(LP/MP),and attempts to show an alternative model of the beginning of the Japanese Upper Paleolithic.This paper suggests several possible specimens of LP/MP and recommends further geoarchaeological investigation to understand the reliability and cultural relationship between possible LP/MP specimens and the Early Upper Paleolithic(EUP).The start of the Japanese EUP is presently characterized by a flake industry with trapezoids and denticulates around 39-37 kaBP cal on Paleo-Honshu Island,which has partial resemblance with contemporary assemblages in China and the Korean Peninsula,although trapezoids are endemic only to the Japanese EUP and may have derived from the ancestral lithic tradition.Blade technology appeared earliest on Central Paleo-Honshu Island,about 1000 years later than the earliest flake technology.Although blade technology may have originated from the elongated flake technology of the previous period,the sudden simultaneous emergence implies that it diffused from the Korean Peninsula.This paper proposes that blade technology from the Korean Peninsula arrived on the northeastern Paleo-Honshu Island,including the Japan Sea coastal region of western Honshu,rather than the southwest,where flake technology long prospered,due to differences in ecological settings and adaptation strategies between the two regions.
基金Supported by National Science & Technology Pillar Program(2012BAD05B05)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303139)+1 种基金国家科技支撑计划"中低产田改良科技工程"项目(2012BAD05B05)农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201303139)资助
文摘[Objective] The aim was to research effects of P fertilizer and lime on growth of Trrifolium repens, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropur- pureum, to provide references for cultivation of the three plants. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted with Trrifolium repens, Charnaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropurpureum in 2010 in order to research effects of lime and P fer-tilizer mixture on growth of the plants in southern hilly acidic red soils. [Result] With lime amount fixed, application of P fertilizer would enhance plant height, total tiller number and dry matter. When P fertilizer was not applied, however, plant height of the three plants achieved the peak by lime at 1.4 g/kg which proved best for improvement of acidity of red soils. With P fertilizer at 200 mg/kg was applied, biomass of Trifolium repens and Macroptilium atropurpureum achieved the highest by lime at 2.1 g/kg, but total biomass of Chamaecrista rotundifolia was the highest by lime at 1.4 g/kg. [Conclusion] The research provides references for planting and production of Trifolium repens, Chamaecrista rotundifolia and Macroptilium atropur-pureum in southern hilly regions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 30671664)
文摘The greenness （SPAD） of uneven-aged leaves of dominant species in the Castanopsis carlessi forest at different altitude gradients in Lingshishan National Forest Park, Fujian Province, China were measured by using portable chlorophyll meter SPAD-502. In addition, the correlation between SPAD value and the concentration of chlorophyll and foliar nitrogen was also investigated. Significant variations in SPAD values were found between the uneven-aged leaves of different dominant species and different altitude gradients. Regression analysis showed that SPAD value was significantly correlated with the concentration of chlorophyll and the content of foliar nitrogen, indicating that SPAD value could be indicators for foliar chlorophyll and nitrogen. It is suggested that SPAD meter is a useful tool for forest assessments in decision-making and operational nutrient management programs.
基金sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB228604)the Major National Science and Technology Projects(No.2011ZX05009)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2011DQ013)the National Science Foundation of China(No.41204085)
文摘The high-resolution nonlinear simultaneous inversion of petrophysical parameters is based on Bayesian statistics and combines petrophysics with geostatistical a priori information. We used the fast Fourier transform–moving average（FFT–MA） and gradual deformation method（GDM） to obtain a reasonable variogram by using structural analysis and geostatistical a priori information of petrophysical parameters. Subsequently, we constructed the likelihood function according to the statistical petrophysical model. Finally, we used the Metropolis algorithm to sample the posteriori probability density and complete the inversion of the petrophysical parameters. We used the proposed method to process data from an oil fi eld in China and found good match between inversion and real data with high-resolution. In addition, the direct inversion of petrophysical parameters avoids the error accumulation and decreases the uncertainty, and increases the computational effi ciency.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of He'nan Province(072102150001)Science and Technology Project of Zhengzhou City(083SGYG24123-6)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the reason for the different leaf colors of pomegranate hybrid progeny. [Method] Spectrophotometry was used to determine the contents of three pigments, including chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin, in the leaves of eight pomegranate individuals and their parents at growth stage. [Result] The results showed that during the early growth stage, the anthocyanin contents of four pomegranate individuals with red leaves were higher than the control, to be specific, the anthocyanin content of No.5 pomegranate individual reached the highest of 4.12 mg/g; the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of four pomegranate individuals with yellow-green leaves showed consistent dynamic trends with the control, to be specific, the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio of No.4 pomegranate individual reached the highest, while the chlorophyll a/carotenoid b ratio of No.3 pomegranate individual was the lowest. During vigorous growth stage, the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin of eight pomegranate individuals showed consistent dynamic trends, with no significant difference with the control. Analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences in the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages and in the content of anthocyanin among different pomegranate individuals, while no significant difference was observed in the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio among different pomegranate individuals at different growth stages. [Conclusion] The differences in leaf colors among pomegranate hybrid progeny are caused by different contents and ratios of anthocyanin and chlorophyll at growth stage.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(CX(13)5030)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of innovative montmorillonite for diarrhea treatment. [Method] Thirty healthy weanling piglets （Duroc x Landrace x Yorkshire） were randomly divided into five groups and fed with basal diet, basal diet ＋ 1 g/kg innovative montmorillonite, basal diet ＋ 3 g/kg innovative montmorillonite, basal diet ＋ 5 g/kg innovative montmorillonite and basal diet ＋ 3 g/kg Bacillus subtilis microecologic agent, respectively. After four weeks, blood samples were collected via precaval vein, to detect the content of TFF3, NO and SOD in serum by ELISA kits. [Result] Compared with blank control group, the content of TFF3, NO and SOD in high-dose innovative montmorillonite group was extremely significantly increased, extremely significantly reduced and significantly in- creased, respectively; the content of TFF3 and NO in middle-dose innovative mont- morillonite group was significantly increased and significantly reduced, respectively. [Conclusion] Innovative montmorillonite may exert beneficial therapeutic actions on diarrhea by increasing TFF3 and SOD levels and decreasing NO level.
