含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率...含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率对小球藻处理效果的影响,在此基础上结合双荧光染色法和流式细胞仪研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对微藻细胞的穿孔破碎效果。研究发现高压脉冲电场强度和脉冲注入能量密度是影响高压脉冲电场处理效果的关键因素,而脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性对小球藻的处理效果影响不大。当电场强度从2.5 MV/m增加到5.0 MV/m时,20 m S/m电导率下的小球藻细胞破碎率从17.21%增加至83.29%;当脉冲注入能量密度从8.9 k J/L增加到149.52 k J/L时,4.5 MV/m电场强度作用下的小球藻细胞破碎率从9.78%提高到81.78%。展开更多
叶绿素的检测和监测在植物生理、水质状况、农业管理和生态系统健康等方面具有重要意义。笔者设计了一种基于微波光子滤波器(MPF)射频强度的叶绿素检测系统,该系统利用叶绿素质量浓度变化导致光纤端面反射率发生变化的原理,根据射频强...叶绿素的检测和监测在植物生理、水质状况、农业管理和生态系统健康等方面具有重要意义。笔者设计了一种基于微波光子滤波器(MPF)射频强度的叶绿素检测系统,该系统利用叶绿素质量浓度变化导致光纤端面反射率发生变化的原理,根据射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度之间的关系,实现对叶绿素的检测。该系统具有体积小、抗干扰能力强的特点,而且可以实现长距离检测。在该系统中,宽谱光源、微波信号源、掺铒光纤放大器、电光调制器、隔离器、光耦合器、光电探测器、频谱仪、光纤等构成了迈克耳孙干涉仪结构的微波光子滤波器。提取不同蔬菜的叶绿素溶液,采用该系统对叶绿素溶液进行检测,验证了其在植物叶绿素检测方面的可行性。采用该系统检测了叶绿素实验原液以及由叶绿素标准溶液配制的不同质量浓度梯度的叶绿素溶液,验证了射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度之间存在较好的线性关系,其中最大射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度的线性拟合度(R2)达到了0.9741,灵敏度为0.007881 d B/(μg·L^(-1)),最小射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度的线性拟合度达到了0.9841,灵敏度为0.02258 d B/(μg·L^(-1))。上述实验结果表明该系统在高质量浓度叶绿素和低质量浓度叶绿素情况下均具有较好的传感性能。展开更多
In a 10-day aquarium experiment, this investigation examines macrophyte restoration in eutrophic Lake Taihu, the physiological effects of different plant biomass levels and of increasing natural cyanobacterial concent...In a 10-day aquarium experiment, this investigation examines macrophyte restoration in eutrophic Lake Taihu, the physiological effects of different plant biomass levels and of increasing natural cyanobacterial concentrations on a submerged macrophyte, Vallisneria asiatica. Cyanobacterial stress suppressed the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of the plant＇s leaves and induced the catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） activities of its roots. The soluble protein content in V. asiatica decreased with an increase in natural cyanobacterial concentrations, whereas the malonaldehyde （MDA） increased significantly at chlorophyll a （Chl a） concentrations of 222 and 262 μg/L in water. V. asiatica adapted to the stress caused by cyanobacterial concentrations by adjusting its antioxidant defense system to remove the excessive reactive oxygen species when the algal Chl a concentration was 〉109 μg/L. Additionally, high biomass of V. asiatica （2 222 g FW/m^2） can inhibit the reproduction of cyanobacteria more significantly than low biomass （1 111 g FW/m^2）. High biomass of V. asiatica increased the oxidative stress in an individual plant when the initial Chl a concentration in the water reached 222 and 262 μg/L, as expressed by the increased MDA in leaves, compared with low biomass of K asiatica. This provides a basis for controlling cyanobacterial concentrations and V. asiatica biomass for the recovery of V. asiatica in eutrophic Lake Taihu.展开更多
文摘含油微藻的破碎是微藻制油过程中的重要环节。为此,利用清华大学自主研制的高压脉冲电源(THU-PEF4)系统,针对小球藻的光合活性和叶绿素质量浓度这2个生物量,重点考察了高压脉冲电场强度、脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性及样品电导率对小球藻处理效果的影响,在此基础上结合双荧光染色法和流式细胞仪研究了高压脉冲电场(PEF)对微藻细胞的穿孔破碎效果。研究发现高压脉冲电场强度和脉冲注入能量密度是影响高压脉冲电场处理效果的关键因素,而脉冲宽度、脉冲重复频率、电场极性对小球藻的处理效果影响不大。当电场强度从2.5 MV/m增加到5.0 MV/m时,20 m S/m电导率下的小球藻细胞破碎率从17.21%增加至83.29%;当脉冲注入能量密度从8.9 k J/L增加到149.52 k J/L时,4.5 MV/m电场强度作用下的小球藻细胞破碎率从9.78%提高到81.78%。
文摘叶绿素的检测和监测在植物生理、水质状况、农业管理和生态系统健康等方面具有重要意义。笔者设计了一种基于微波光子滤波器(MPF)射频强度的叶绿素检测系统,该系统利用叶绿素质量浓度变化导致光纤端面反射率发生变化的原理,根据射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度之间的关系,实现对叶绿素的检测。该系统具有体积小、抗干扰能力强的特点,而且可以实现长距离检测。在该系统中,宽谱光源、微波信号源、掺铒光纤放大器、电光调制器、隔离器、光耦合器、光电探测器、频谱仪、光纤等构成了迈克耳孙干涉仪结构的微波光子滤波器。提取不同蔬菜的叶绿素溶液,采用该系统对叶绿素溶液进行检测,验证了其在植物叶绿素检测方面的可行性。采用该系统检测了叶绿素实验原液以及由叶绿素标准溶液配制的不同质量浓度梯度的叶绿素溶液,验证了射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度之间存在较好的线性关系,其中最大射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度的线性拟合度(R2)达到了0.9741,灵敏度为0.007881 d B/(μg·L^(-1)),最小射频强度与叶绿素质量浓度的线性拟合度达到了0.9841,灵敏度为0.02258 d B/(μg·L^(-1))。上述实验结果表明该系统在高质量浓度叶绿素和低质量浓度叶绿素情况下均具有较好的传感性能。
基金Supported by the Research Institute for East Asia Environments of Kyushu University and Mitsubishi Corporation in Japan
文摘In a 10-day aquarium experiment, this investigation examines macrophyte restoration in eutrophic Lake Taihu, the physiological effects of different plant biomass levels and of increasing natural cyanobacterial concentrations on a submerged macrophyte, Vallisneria asiatica. Cyanobacterial stress suppressed the superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of the plant＇s leaves and induced the catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） activities of its roots. The soluble protein content in V. asiatica decreased with an increase in natural cyanobacterial concentrations, whereas the malonaldehyde （MDA） increased significantly at chlorophyll a （Chl a） concentrations of 222 and 262 μg/L in water. V. asiatica adapted to the stress caused by cyanobacterial concentrations by adjusting its antioxidant defense system to remove the excessive reactive oxygen species when the algal Chl a concentration was 〉109 μg/L. Additionally, high biomass of V. asiatica （2 222 g FW/m^2） can inhibit the reproduction of cyanobacteria more significantly than low biomass （1 111 g FW/m^2）. High biomass of V. asiatica increased the oxidative stress in an individual plant when the initial Chl a concentration in the water reached 222 and 262 μg/L, as expressed by the increased MDA in leaves, compared with low biomass of K asiatica. This provides a basis for controlling cyanobacterial concentrations and V. asiatica biomass for the recovery of V. asiatica in eutrophic Lake Taihu.
