农田干旱具有范围广且对农业生产影响巨大的特点,对农田干旱的遥感实时动态监测是目前公认的难题。利用MODIS的地表温度(LST)产品和叶面积指数(LAI)产品,构建LST-LAI光谱特征空间,提出温度—叶面积干旱指数(temperature LAI drought ind...农田干旱具有范围广且对农业生产影响巨大的特点,对农田干旱的遥感实时动态监测是目前公认的难题。利用MODIS的地表温度(LST)产品和叶面积指数(LAI)产品,构建LST-LAI光谱特征空间,提出温度—叶面积干旱指数(temperature LAI drought index,TLDI)监测农田水分含量,并利用宁夏实测的0～10cm平均土壤含水量验证该指数的精度,结果表明:它们之间具有良好的相关性,R2的变化范围为0.43～0.86。与TVDI相比,TLDI弥补了作物封垄后TVDI因归一化植被指数(NDVI)饱和对农田水分监测精度降低的缺陷。此外,利用MODIS数据产品LST和LAI进行农田干旱监测,避免了使用MODIS原始数据的繁杂处理过程,初步为MODIS数据产品在农田干旱监测业务化运行探索出一条技术流程。展开更多
This study investigated the ef fects of two typhoons(Nari and Wipha) on sea surface temperature(SST) and chlorophyll- a(Chl- a) concentration. Typhoons Nari and Wipha passed through the Yellow Sea on September 13, 200...This study investigated the ef fects of two typhoons(Nari and Wipha) on sea surface temperature(SST) and chlorophyll- a(Chl- a) concentration. Typhoons Nari and Wipha passed through the Yellow Sea on September 13, 2007 and the East China Sea(ECS) on September 16, 2007, respectively. The SST and Chl- a data were obtained from the Aqua/Terra MODIS and NOAA18, respectively, and the temperature and salinity in the southeast of the study area were observed in situ from Argo. The average SST within the study area dropped from 26.33°C on September 10 to a minimum of 22.79°C on September 16. Without the usual phenomenon of ‘right bias', the most striking response of SST was in the middle of the typhoons' tracks, near to coastal waters. Strong cooling of the upper layers of the water column was probably due to increased vertical mixing, discharge from the Changjiang River estuary, and heavy rainfall. During the typhoons, average Chl-a increased by 11.54% within the study area and by 21.69% in the off shore area near to the southeast ECS. From September 1 to 13, average Chl-a was only 0.10 mg/m^3 in the of fshore waters but it reached a peak of >0.17 mg/m^3 on September 18. This large increase in Chl-a concentration in of fshore waters might have been triggered by strong vertical mixing, upwelling induced by strong typhoons, and sedimentation and nutrient infl ux following heavy rainfall.展开更多
文摘农田干旱具有范围广且对农业生产影响巨大的特点,对农田干旱的遥感实时动态监测是目前公认的难题。利用MODIS的地表温度(LST)产品和叶面积指数(LAI)产品,构建LST-LAI光谱特征空间,提出温度—叶面积干旱指数(temperature LAI drought index,TLDI)监测农田水分含量,并利用宁夏实测的0～10cm平均土壤含水量验证该指数的精度,结果表明:它们之间具有良好的相关性,R2的变化范围为0.43～0.86。与TVDI相比,TLDI弥补了作物封垄后TVDI因归一化植被指数(NDVI)饱和对农田水分监测精度降低的缺陷。此外,利用MODIS数据产品LST和LAI进行农田干旱监测,避免了使用MODIS原始数据的繁杂处理过程,初步为MODIS数据产品在农田干旱监测业务化运行探索出一条技术流程。
基金Supported by the National Marine Important Charity Special Foundation of China(No.201305019)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41340049)+4 种基金the Natural Foundation of Guangdong(No.2014A030313603)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong(No.2013B030200002)the Zhejiang’s Post-Doctoral Funding(No.BSH1301015)the Novel Project for Developing University Sponsored by GDOU(No.GDOU2014050226)the Second Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration Post-Doctoral Starting Fund(No.JG1319)
文摘This study investigated the ef fects of two typhoons(Nari and Wipha) on sea surface temperature(SST) and chlorophyll- a(Chl- a) concentration. Typhoons Nari and Wipha passed through the Yellow Sea on September 13, 2007 and the East China Sea(ECS) on September 16, 2007, respectively. The SST and Chl- a data were obtained from the Aqua/Terra MODIS and NOAA18, respectively, and the temperature and salinity in the southeast of the study area were observed in situ from Argo. The average SST within the study area dropped from 26.33°C on September 10 to a minimum of 22.79°C on September 16. Without the usual phenomenon of ‘right bias', the most striking response of SST was in the middle of the typhoons' tracks, near to coastal waters. Strong cooling of the upper layers of the water column was probably due to increased vertical mixing, discharge from the Changjiang River estuary, and heavy rainfall. During the typhoons, average Chl-a increased by 11.54% within the study area and by 21.69% in the off shore area near to the southeast ECS. From September 1 to 13, average Chl-a was only 0.10 mg/m^3 in the of fshore waters but it reached a peak of >0.17 mg/m^3 on September 18. This large increase in Chl-a concentration in of fshore waters might have been triggered by strong vertical mixing, upwelling induced by strong typhoons, and sedimentation and nutrient infl ux following heavy rainfall.
