Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, ...Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, audio tapes or text recordings. Educators also make use of media to enhance learning while a few language instructors use graded-conversations. Thus, this paper explores ways in which graded-conversations impact language learning. This paper shows how using graded-conversations in a Swahili language classroom enhanced language learning and encouraged students to collaborate in and outside the classroom. More specifically, the findings indicate that while graded-conversations motivated students to communicate with each other beyond classroom and use social media to help each other study, assignments shape the type and quality of students＇ collaboration. Implications for teaching are presented.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of lean product development （LPD） in the Brazilian automotive sector. A mailed-questionnaire survey was used to examine 23 questions about LPD principles and pract...The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of lean product development （LPD） in the Brazilian automotive sector. A mailed-questionnaire survey was used to examine 23 questions about LPD principles and practices. The target population for the study was Brazil＇s largest product development and design companies. The study identified that although the automobile sector is seen as a reference in the adoption of lean practices, there is still potential for improvement by establishing partnership relations with suppliers, and with those on the other points of the chain by identifying what provides value to clients. Set-based concurrent engineering is also a practice that needs to be better developed, as well as the value stream mapping tool to identify waste and activities that add value to the product development process. There has been no previous study of this nature in Brazil that characterizes the sector and highlights its importance in relation to the global scene, providing incentives to international investors. The value of the work is in the results that allow diagnosing the lean development practices that are most used in the automotive sector. Moreover, the survey questions can be applied in other economic sectors and at companies of other sizes. The study contributed to providing a systematic view of the product development process from the perspective of people, processes, and technology, and assists companies and academics manage change.展开更多
The number of people playing Massive Multiplayer Online Games （MMOGs） is growing steadily, yet there are limited studies on the social impact that this online activity has. This research, using both quantitative and...The number of people playing Massive Multiplayer Online Games （MMOGs） is growing steadily, yet there are limited studies on the social impact that this online activity has. This research, using both quantitative and qualitative data, focused on whether users of the most popular MMOG, World of Warcraft （WOW）, exhibited behaviors of social capital in their online gaming activity and whether there was any correlation to offiine social capital. The findings indicated that cooperation provided the best indicator to make a correlation about a gamer＇s offiine social capital behaviors. One conclusion, stemming from this is that, in virtual worlds, the added social capital can lead to cronyism and help those in power maintain the status quo.展开更多
Currently,with the fast development of GPS technique,GPS RTK is rapidly being applied to the cadastral survey. GPS RTK technique not only improves efficiency and accelerates the rate of mapping,but also increases econ...Currently,with the fast development of GPS technique,GPS RTK is rapidly being applied to the cadastral survey. GPS RTK technique not only improves efficiency and accelerates the rate of mapping,but also increases economic efficiency. The authors introduced a method for GPS RTK rapid positioning,which uses continuous operational reference system (CORS) as a base station to change the method of previous map drawing by obtaining real-time three-dimensional coordinates of boundary points and statistically analyzing with the three-dimensional coordinates obtained by Total Station to get the accuracy of GPS RTK real-time coordinates. The application of GPS RTK in practical measurement was discussed when the data link had been lost especially. The results show that the three-dimensional coordinates measured by total station can be replaced by real-time three-dimensional coordinates measured by Engineering Star RTK in the CORS.展开更多
As an research example of the widely existing cooperation-competition systems,the authorspresent an empirical investigation on a fruit nutritive factor network.It is described by a node-weightedbipartite graph.The fru...As an research example of the widely existing cooperation-competition systems,the authorspresent an empirical investigation on a fruit nutritive factor network.It is described by a node-weightedbipartite graph.The fruit nutritive factors are defined as the nodes,and two nodes are connected by anedge if at least one fruit contains these two nutritive factors.The fruits are defined as the collaborationacts.The node-weight W_(nt),which signifies the 'importance degree' of each actor node,is defined as thecont ent of a nutritive factor in a fruit.The empirical investigation results show some unique features.The node-weight distributions take so-called 'shifted power law' function forms,but the act-weightdistribution takes a normal form.The degree and act-degree distributions show impulsive-spectrumlike forms.These observations may be helpful for the study of fruits.The network description methodproposed in this article may be universal for a kind of cooperation-competition systems.展开更多
文摘Language teaching entails the use of varied methods to maximize learning. Most language educators, particularly those teaching foreign languages tend to use lesson review sheets, dialogue practice, drills on grammar, audio tapes or text recordings. Educators also make use of media to enhance learning while a few language instructors use graded-conversations. Thus, this paper explores ways in which graded-conversations impact language learning. This paper shows how using graded-conversations in a Swahili language classroom enhanced language learning and encouraged students to collaborate in and outside the classroom. More specifically, the findings indicate that while graded-conversations motivated students to communicate with each other beyond classroom and use social media to help each other study, assignments shape the type and quality of students＇ collaboration. Implications for teaching are presented.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of lean product development （LPD） in the Brazilian automotive sector. A mailed-questionnaire survey was used to examine 23 questions about LPD principles and practices. The target population for the study was Brazil＇s largest product development and design companies. The study identified that although the automobile sector is seen as a reference in the adoption of lean practices, there is still potential for improvement by establishing partnership relations with suppliers, and with those on the other points of the chain by identifying what provides value to clients. Set-based concurrent engineering is also a practice that needs to be better developed, as well as the value stream mapping tool to identify waste and activities that add value to the product development process. There has been no previous study of this nature in Brazil that characterizes the sector and highlights its importance in relation to the global scene, providing incentives to international investors. The value of the work is in the results that allow diagnosing the lean development practices that are most used in the automotive sector. Moreover, the survey questions can be applied in other economic sectors and at companies of other sizes. The study contributed to providing a systematic view of the product development process from the perspective of people, processes, and technology, and assists companies and academics manage change.
文摘The number of people playing Massive Multiplayer Online Games （MMOGs） is growing steadily, yet there are limited studies on the social impact that this online activity has. This research, using both quantitative and qualitative data, focused on whether users of the most popular MMOG, World of Warcraft （WOW）, exhibited behaviors of social capital in their online gaming activity and whether there was any correlation to offiine social capital. The findings indicated that cooperation provided the best indicator to make a correlation about a gamer＇s offiine social capital behaviors. One conclusion, stemming from this is that, in virtual worlds, the added social capital can lead to cronyism and help those in power maintain the status quo.
文摘Currently,with the fast development of GPS technique,GPS RTK is rapidly being applied to the cadastral survey. GPS RTK technique not only improves efficiency and accelerates the rate of mapping,but also increases economic efficiency. The authors introduced a method for GPS RTK rapid positioning,which uses continuous operational reference system (CORS) as a base station to change the method of previous map drawing by obtaining real-time three-dimensional coordinates of boundary points and statistically analyzing with the three-dimensional coordinates obtained by Total Station to get the accuracy of GPS RTK real-time coordinates. The application of GPS RTK in practical measurement was discussed when the data link had been lost especially. The results show that the three-dimensional coordinates measured by total station can be replaced by real-time three-dimensional coordinates measured by Engineering Star RTK in the CORS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10635040 and 70671089
文摘As an research example of the widely existing cooperation-competition systems,the authorspresent an empirical investigation on a fruit nutritive factor network.It is described by a node-weightedbipartite graph.The fruit nutritive factors are defined as the nodes,and two nodes are connected by anedge if at least one fruit contains these two nutritive factors.The fruits are defined as the collaborationacts.The node-weight W_(nt),which signifies the 'importance degree' of each actor node,is defined as thecont ent of a nutritive factor in a fruit.The empirical investigation results show some unique features.The node-weight distributions take so-called 'shifted power law' function forms,but the act-weightdistribution takes a normal form.The degree and act-degree distributions show impulsive-spectrumlike forms.These observations may be helpful for the study of fruits.The network description methodproposed in this article may be universal for a kind of cooperation-competition systems.
