合利性、合法性、合道德性——对政治制度的三种评价

政治制度的改革与创新离不开对政治制度正当、合理与否的评价。对政治制度的评价归纳起来主要有三种 ,即合利性评价、合法性评价和合道德性评价 ,它们的标准分别是秩序、权威及自由。这三种评价是相互关联的 ,共同构成政治制度的评价系统。必须综合考虑这三个指标 。

养心合剂对慢性心力衰竭利尿剂抵抗病人AVP、AQP2表达的影响

目的观察养心合剂对慢性心力衰竭利尿剂抵抗病人血管加压素(AVP)、水通道蛋白-2(AQP2)表达的影响。方法选取慢性心力衰竭利尿剂抵抗病人60例,随机分为试验组与对照组。对照组给予西医标准化治疗,试验组给予西医标准化治疗加服养心合剂,连续治疗10d后比较两组AVP、AQP2浓度、24h尿量,观察不良反应。结果治疗后试验组血浆AVP及尿液AQP2浓度均较治疗前下降(P <0.05),且低于对照组(P <0.05);治疗后试验组24h尿量较治疗前增加,且优于对照组(P <0.05);养心合剂安全性良好。结论养心合剂可能通过抑制AVP、AQP2的表达,减轻水钠潴留及利尿剂抵抗,进而改善病人心功能,延缓心力衰竭的发展。

论政府评价的标准

综合中外各国政治学家的政府评价观 ,笔者认为 ,对政府的评价必须抛弃传统的用经济基础、阶级基础的标准来评价政府的简单方法 ,只有综合运用合法性、合利性和合德性评价标准 。

论政府全面中介社会生产与消费对发展的影响

本文认为，政府全面中介社会生产与消费对发展的影响，是观察中国以至当代人类变迁的一个新视角；只有深入认识政府全面中介社会生产与消费的弊端，才能对有关改革的含义与走向做出正确规定。文章具体分析了政府全面中介社会生产与消费的概念背景和对发展的影响。

Research Progress of Quality Characteristics and Comprehensive Utilization of Mung Beans

Mung bean is one of the major legume crops in China, and its nutritional quality and processing quality directly affect the development of mung bean processing industry. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, the research progress of mung bean quality characteristics, including physical quality, nutritional quality, medicinal value and the processing quality, were summarized based on literatures both at home and abroad, and the current exploitation status of starch, protein, dietary fiber, resistant starch, flavonoids and superoxide dismutase of mung bean was also reviewed. In order to promote the development of mung bean processing industry, it should strengthen the research on quality characteristics and functional ingredients of mung bean, pay attention to the development of healthy products, improve the processing technology, and cultivate a group of leading mung bean processing companies with strong competence in the market.

Discharge performance of Mg-Al-Pb-La anode for Mg-air battery

b The discharge performance of Mg-Al-Pb-La anode was investigated by electrochemical techniques and compared withthat of Mg-Al-Pb alloy. The results indicate that the Mg-Al-Pb-La anode provides enhanced corrosion resistance at open circlepotential, and exhibits better discharge activity than the Mg-Al-Pb alloy. The utilization efficiency of Mg-Al-Pb-La anode ishigher than that of commercial Mg-Al-Zn （AZ） and Mg-Al-Mn （AM） alloys. A single Mg-air battery with Mg-Al-Pb-La alloy asthe anode and air as the cathode has an average discharge potential of 1.295 V and a discharge capacity of 1370 mA·h/g duringdischarge at 10 mA/cm2, which is higher than that of batteries using Mg-Li anodes. The enhancement in discharge performance ofthe Mg-Al-Pb-La anode is caused by its modified microstructure, which reduces the self-corrosion and accelerates the spalling ofoxidation products during battery discharge. Furthermore, the dissolution mechanism of Mg-Al-Pb-La anode during the dischargeprocess was analyzed.

Contract stability and default risk control of pig farming in the company and farmer mode

To investigate contract stability in the company and farmer mode and to explore control measures of market price risk and production risk,a multiperiod game model was established in this study.Considering multiple periods and losses caused by deaths simultaneously,a stable contract price interval depending on the breaching penalty,transaction cost,spot market price,and quantity of pigs was observed.Results indicate that the higher the penalty and transaction cost savings,the better the stability of the contract;the contract price should be negotiated around the weighted average of the spot market price.When the production risk is higher,hog insurance can significantly improve the contract stability;when the market price is lower,hog price index insurance improves the contract stability by guaranteeing the company income;when the market price is higher,the profit-returning mechanism improves the stability by protecting farmers incomes.Applying three measures simultaneously results in the best stability.Examples based on data from 2014 to 2018 in Henan Province,China,were given.

Synthesis and Properties of 1,3-bis-adamantyl Disubstituted Ureas and Biureas

1,3-disubstituted ureas of adamantine series are potent for hypertension and inflammatory treatment. The most valuable parameters of these compounds are melting point and solubility. Higher melting point leads to lower bioavailability and for most of the compounds investigated before it was very high. Usage of isocyanates containing 1,3-dimethyladamantane fragment will significantly decrease the melting point, improve solubility and therefore improve bioavailability of 1,3-disubstituted ureas and other biologically active compounds produced on its base. This article presents new 1,3-disubstituted ureas and biureas synthesized by the authors.

IL28B polymorphisms associated with therapy response in Chilean chronic hepatitis C patients

AIM:To analyze the association of three IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms with response to therapy in Chilean patients infected with hepatitis C virus CV.METHODS:We studied two groups of patients with chronic CV infection genotype 1,under standard combined treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin.One group consisted of 50 patients with sustained virological response,whereas the second group consisted of 49 null responders.In order to analyze the IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms rs12979860,rs12980275 and rs8099917,samples were used for polymerase chain reaction amplification,and the genotyping was performed by restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism.RESULTS:The IL28B rs12979860 CC,rs12980275 AA and rs8099917 TT genotypes were much more frequently found in patients with sustained virological response compared to null responders 38%,44% and 50% vs 2%,8.2% and 8.2%,respectively.These differences were highly significant in all three cases(P < 0.0001.CONCLUSION:The three IL28B polymorphisms studied are strongly associated with sustained virological response to therapy in Chilean patients with chronic CV genotype 1.

Ultra-High Strength Concrete Mixtures Using Local Materials

This paper presents the development of ultra high strength concrete （UHSC） using local materials. UHSC mixture proportions were developed using local materials so that UHSC may be made more affordable to a wider variety of applications. Specifically, local sand with a top size of 600 um, and locally available Type I/II cement and silica fume were used in this research. Each of these material selections is seen as an improvement in sustainability for UHSC. Two mixtures （one with and one without fibers） were recommended as the UHSC mixtures. The greatest compressive strengths obtained in this study were 165.6 MPa for UHSC with steel fibers and 161.9 MPa for UHSC without fibers. The compressive and flexural strengths obtained from the UHSC mixtures developed in this work are comparable to UHSC strengths presented in the literature. Producing this innovative material with local materials reduces the cost of the material, improves sustainability, and produces mechanical performance similar to prepackaged, commercially available products.

Isolation and Properties Characterization of Biosurfactant Synthesized by Pyrene Degrading Bacillus subtilis C19

Bacillus subtilis strain C19, capable of ulilizing pyrene as a sole of carbon and energy, was isolated from marine Indonesian Archipelago. In biodegradation of pyrene by B. subtilis C19, various metabolites was isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectral analyses. Lipopeptide biosurfactant was produced and it has stable emulsification activity. Biosurfactant was produced for enhancing pyrene uptake and bioavaibility. After 30 days incubation, there were no toxic metabolite and biodegradation of pyrene was already complete （only 0.02% undegradable metabolite）. Therefore, this strain is suitable for PAHs （polyaromatic hydrocarbons） contaminated environment recovery.

Critical Human Rights and Liberal Legality： Struggling for ＂The Right to Have Communal Rights＂

Recent critical approaches on human rights have exalted the potentiality of this category for seeking progressive agendas （Santos 2007） insofar as they are enacted within counter-hegemonic cognitive frames （Rajagopal 2006） towards the construction of ＂subaltern human rights＂ （Onazi 2009）. Others,. however, have pointed out that the human rights institutional and political hegemony makes other valuable emancipatory strategies less available, and that this foregrounds problems of participation and procedure at the expense of distribution （Kennedy 2005）. Finally, others have explained how the abstractedness of the category entails a de-politicization （Rancière 2004; Zizek 2005; Douzinas 2007） or an emptiness that, of course, can be filled by progressive activism, but whose substance is easily reappropriated by those in power （Miéville 2005）. By engaging with the above-mentioned perspectives, and following the decolonial approach （Mignolo 2009; 2011）, I suggest that the category human rights can be decolonized and being used for progressive agendas only after a comprehensive critique of liberal legality （that entails a critique of liberal abstract rationality, political economy, and modernity/coloniality） has been performed.

The Study of the Influence of Load＇s Chemical Composition in the Coking Process on the Efficiency and the Quality of Coke

This research was performed in order to allow the study of the chemical composition influence of the coking process load on the efficiency and the quality of coke. For this reason, the coking of the following loads was realized： Atmospheric residue （RAT）, vacuum Residue （RSV） and catalytic Residue of cracking （RCC）. （The residues are obtained from an Algerian crude oil）. As the oil residues are rich for their strongly polar composition, such as the asphaltene resins, and complex structures units （SCU）, which has a role in the formation of coke, and as the dispersion of these latter improves the quality of coke, a study on the stability of aggregation was carried out by the addition of one stabilizer （oil Extract） in the coking process load, The Compounding （Extracted from/RCC oil） has been drived to the best efficiency of coke. The study consists of the influence this is characterized by the analyses Infra-red （IR） and x-ray diffraction （XRD）.

Pure red cell aplasia caused by pegylated interferon-α-2a plus ribavirin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare hematological disorder which is characterized by severe anemia,reticulocytopenia and almost complete absence of erythroid precursors in bone marrow.The pathophysiology of PRCA may be congenital or acquired.To our knowledge,there is only one case report in the English literature of PRCA after pegylated interferon combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C.We report a second case of PRCA after pegylated interferon combination treatment for chronic hepatitis C.The diagnosis of PRCA was confirmed by the typical findings of bone marrow biopsy.The possible etiologies of our case are also discussed in this paper.

The Post-Merger Performance： Evidence From Italy

The objective of this paper is to investigate whether mergers create value for shareholders in both the short and long term. For this purpose, 120 announcements of mergers that were registered in Italy during the period 1994-2006 among listed companies were examined. The short-term analysis was conducted using the event study methodology in order to estimate the cumulative abnormal returns （CARs） in the time window around the announcement date （-10, ＋10）. In this work, the sample of 120 mergers was divided into two sub-samples： the first considers the mergers that were carried out in all sectors of the economy, and the second focuses only on bank mergers. From the results obtained it would appear that, while the sub-sample of all mergers registered a statistically significant value creation for the shareholders of both the bidder and target companies, values also confirmed by combined analysis, the second sub-sample registered negative values for bidder companies and positive values for target companies. Negative values also seem to be confirmed by the results of the combined analysis both at the date of announcement and throughout the entire period of observation. For the long-term analysis, the Buy and Hold Abnormal Returns （BHARs） methodology was used, with which it was possible to observe the returns for three years. In the 36 months following the merger, the portfolios showed a significant destruction of value

N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide but not high-sensitivity C-reactive protein is related to severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objective Biochemical indicators such as N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide（NT pro-BNP）and high-sensitivity Creactive protein（hsCRP）predict mortality in acute coronary syndrome（ACS）.However,little is known about the relationship of these factors with severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with.Methods Three hundred and thirty-one subjects including 246 unstable angina pectoris patients and 85 myocardial infarction patients were recruited and classified into two groups：single-vessel disease group（1-vessel disease,n=93）and multiple-vessel disease group（≥2-vessels disease,n=238）according to selective coronary angiography.Plasma levels of NT pro-BNP and hsCRP were measured and severity of coronary stenosis was determined by Gensini score.Results NT pro-BNP but not hsCRP level was higher in patients with myocardial infarction than in patients with unstable angina pectoris.The patients with multiple-vessel disease had significantly higher NT pro-BNP level but not hsCRP compared with those with single-vessel disease.NT pro-BNP levels increased significantly as left ventricle（LV）function decreased,and only NT proBNP but not hsCRP level was related to Gensini score of severity of coronary stenosis in ACS.Conclusion NT proBNP but not hsCRP level is related to severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients in ACS.

Analysis on the Cy-Pres Doctrine in the Public Benefit Trust

Public benefit trust is of great significance to the development of social public welfare, and the cy-pres doctrine as a special principle of public benefit trust, plays an important role in protecting the continuation of public benefit trust, and the realization and reasonable use of high-efficiency trust properties. In this paper, therefore, the origin, establishment, and development trend of the approximation principle as well as its current legislative situation in China are studied, and also its applicability of the Cy-Pres doctrine in China＇s public benefit trust is briefly evaluated, so as to further deepen the understanding of the Cy-Pres doctrine and develop the public benefit trust undertakings in China.

Phytosomes: an effective approach to enhance the oral bioavailability of active constituents extracted from plants

Many active constituents from herbal plants have well-established pharmacological effects in vitro. But they demonstrate less or no activities in vivo due to various problems of themselves, which severely restricts their clinical applications. After forming phytosomes with phospholipids in aprotic solvent, the active constituents exhibit different physicochemical properties from the free form. In particular, the bioavailability of the active constituent-phytosomes is enhanced greatly due to the improved capacity to cross the biomembrane and reach circulation. Therefore, increasing attention has been attracted to the use of phytosomes in recent years. Based on the published reports, we reviewed the recent progress in the research of phytosomes including preparation, characterization, structure verification and clinical applications.

Super congruences and Euler numbers

Let p 〉 3 be a prime. A p-adic congruence is called a super congruence if it happens to hold modulo some higher power of p. The topic of super congruences is related to many fields including Gauss and Jacobi sums and hypergeometric series. We prove that ∑k=0^p-1（k^2k/2k）≡（-1）^（p-1）/2-p^2Ep-3（modp^3） ∑k=1^（p-1）/2（k^2k）/k≡（-1）^（p＋1）/2 8/3pEp-3（mod p^2）,∑k=0^（p-1）/2（k^2k）^2/16k≡（-1）^（p-1）/2＋p^2Ep-3（mod p^3）,where E0, E1, E2,... are Euler numbers. Our new approach is of combinatorial nature. We also formulate many conjectures concerning super congruences and relate most of them to Euler numbers or Bernoulli numbers. Motivated by our investigation of super congruences, we also raise a conjecture on 7 new series for π2, π-2 and the constant K ：= ∑k=1^∞（k/3）/k^2 （with （-） the Jacobi symbol）, two of which are ∑k=1^∞（10k-3）8k/k2（k^2k）^2（k^3k）=π^2/2and ∑k=1^∞（15k-4）（-27）^k-1/k^3（k^2k）^2（k^3k）=K.

Human Rights Protection and Economic Development in China： Right to Subsistence-based Development and its Future

Historically, economic development and human fights go hand in hand. On the one hand, the protection of human rights is the purpose of economic development, i.e., promoting economic and social rights through economic development, and then creating conditions for the realization of civil and political fights. On the other hand, the protection of human rights is a means to economic development, and only through the protection of human fights, can sustained and healthy economic development be realized. The economic development model of China since 1978, for quite a long period of time, is suitable for subsistence-based development. However, it also has created risks of economic failure and political legitimacy crises. So it is necessary to adopt a scientific development model which values human rights.