水管网带压合叉技术与应用

在有色冶炼企业 ,由于生产工艺连续性以及新水阀门易损坏关不严等原因 ,应用带压合叉技术显得尤为重要 ,本文简要介绍了带压开孔器的技术原理和安全使用方法。并对在实际应用中的突发情况提出了相应的预防措施 ,在水、风等能源管网连接中 ,具有一定的参考价值。

负载型壳聚糖双水杨叉乙二胺合钴配合物的制备及其对乙硫醇的催化氧化

制备了二氧化硅担载的壳聚糖 Co Salen配合物 ,用元素分析 ,红外光谱 ,荧光光谱、X光电子能谱及ESR谱等方法对该配合物的组成和结构进行了表征 .结果表明 ,Co Salen是通过其钴离子与壳聚糖的氨基氮配位形成配合物 ,这种配合物可通过其空着的第六配位点与氧进行可逆性结合、使氧分子活化 .对乙硫醇催化氧化研究表明 ,这种高分子配合物中活性中心的基位隔离效应导致其催化氧化活性远大于相应的小分子配合物本身 .

双H叉合式定子谐振驱动的压电平面电机研究

为满足应用领域对高精密平面运动驱动的需要,提出了双H叉合式谐振驱动的平面电机及其动力学结构,择取该定子的面外对称弯振、左右杆面内弯振、上下杆面内弯振模态为电机的工作模态,通过面外弯振模态分别与两相面内弯振模态进行谐振耦合,分别在定子上下杆和左右杆的驱动足上复合出沿xz、yz面行进的两椭圆轨迹以驱动动子的x、y向运动。建立了定子的机电耦合分析有限元模型,求取了定子工作振动模态,验证其预设工作模态的存在性。通过对定子进行频率一致性计算,得到定子的主要尺寸为30 mm×8.7 mm×7.4 mm;通过定子谐响应分析,解算出其干扰模态特性,实现了干扰模态分离。通过定子瞬态振动响应计算,模拟出驱动足的两相椭圆轨迹,求得250 V驱动电压激励条件下的驱动足x(或y)和z向振幅分别为1.5μm和1.3μm,验证了电机工作原理并探析其调压、调频和调相振动特性。给出了定子夹持固定方式并完成了电机装配结构设计,该电机具有良好的动力学特性和应用前景。

壳聚糖膜固定化双水杨叉乙二胺合钴的合成与表征

A cobalt complex, Co (Ⅱ) complex of his(salicylideneethylene diamine, Cosalen) immobilized to chitosan film was prepared. It was instrumentally characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV-VIS, XPS and ESR spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that the immobilization of Cosalen was realized through the coordination of the amino group in Chitosan with the Co (Ⅱ) in the CoSalen complex. It binds molecular oxygen reversibly in the solid state through the vacant sixth coordination site.

固载型Cosalen/NaY催化剂在环己烷氧化中的催化性能

采用“Ship-in-a-Bottle”技术制备了NaY分子筛固载型N,N′-双水杨醛叉乙二胺合钴(Cosalen)配合物(Cosalen/NaY)。傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、X射线衍射、比表面积测定、扫描电镜测试结果表明,配合物Cosalen已成功地封装在NaY分子筛的超笼内,且封装过程对NaY分子筛载体的结构没有破坏作用。在以氧气为氧源的环己烷氧化反应中,Cosalen/NaY催化剂具有较好的活性和对环己醇、环己酮、己二酸的选择性。该催化反应体系不存在明显的诱导期,且产物中环己基过氧化氢(CHHP)的选择性很低,表明Cosalen/NaY催化剂能加速CHHP的分解。以乙腈为溶剂,在初始氧气压力0.80M Pa、130℃下反应3h,环己烷的转化率达到24%以上。实验还发现,Cosalen/NaY催化剂具有将环己烷一步氧化为己二酸的潜力,而且在使用过程中没有明显的活性组分流失,可重复使用。

Optimization of cross-coupling reaction for synthesis of antitumor drug vismodegib

In order to improve the yield and reduce the cost in the synthesis of antitumor drug vismodegib the key intermediates are prepared and the Negishi reaction step is examined.The effects of different molar ratios of reactants dosages of catalyst and time for refluxing are investigated by using single factor tests.The results demonstrate that when the molar ratios of 2-bromopyridine 2-chloro-N-4-chloro-3-iodophenyl -4-methylsulfonyl benzamide zinc chloride n-butyllithium and tetrakis triphenyl phosphine palladium are changed to 1.0∶0.5∶1.5∶1.1∶0.05 and the mixture is refluxed for 24 h the production yield is improved to 72%.This reaction condition significantly enhances the synthetic efficiency avoids consuming excessive raw materials/catalysts and meanwhile prevents a prolonged reaction time.The optimization of the proportion of reactants and the heating time is proved to be important for the efficiency and economy in cross-coupling reaction to synthesize vismodegib.

A 12bit 300MHz Current-Steering CMOS D/A Converter

The proposed DAC consists of a unit current-cell matrix for 8MSBs and a binary-weighted array for 4LSBs,trading-off between the precision,speed,and size of the chip.In order to ensure the linearity of the DAC,a double Centro symmetric current matrix is designed by the Q2 random walk strategy.To achieve better dynamic performance,a latch is added in front of the current switch to change the input signal,such as its optimal cross-point and voltage level.For a 12bit resolution,the converter reaches an update rate of 300MHz.

Substituent Effects on 13C NMR and 1H NMR Chemical Shifts of CH=N in Multi-substituted Benzylideneanilines

Fifty-three samples of multi-substituted benzylideneanilines XArCH=NArYs （abbreviated XBAYs） were synthesized and their NMR spectra were determined. An extensional study of substituent effects on the 1H NMR chemical shifts （δH（CH=N）） and 13C NMR chemical shifts （δc（CH=N）） of the CH=N bridging group from di-substituted to multi-substituted XBAYs was made based on a total of 182 samples of XBAYs, together with the NMR data of other 129 samples of di-substituted XBAYs quoted from literatures. The results show thatthe substituent specific cross-interaction effect parameter （△（∑σ）2） plays an important role in quantifying the δc（CH=N） values of XBAYs, but it is negligible for quantifying the δH （CH=N） values; the other substituent parameters also present different influences on the δc （CH=N） and （δH （CH=N）. On the whole, the contributions of X and Y to the δc （CH=N） of XBAYs are balanced, but the δH（CH=N） values of XBAYs mainly rely on the contributions of X.

Cystamine ameliorates liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride via inhibition of tissue transglutaminase

AIM： To investigate the anti-fibrosis effect of the tissue transglutarninase （tTG） specific inhibitor cystarnine on liver fibrosis. METHODS： Sixty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups： normal control, liver fibrosis control and cystamine-treated group. Liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）, and Cystarnine was administrated by intraperitoneal injection starting 2 d before the first administration of CCl4. Animals in each group were further divided into 2 subgroups according to two time points of 4 wk and 8 wk after treatment. Hepatic function, pathological evaluation （semi-quantitative scoring system, SSS） and liver hydroxyproline （Hyp） content were examined. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of tTG, smooth muscle alpha actin （α-SMA）, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 （TIMP-1） and collagen-1 mRNA. The expressions of tTG and α-SMA protein were detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS： Eight weeks after treatment, the SSS score of liver was significantly less in the cystamine group than that in the fibrosis control group （P 〈 0.01）. The levels of alanine arninotransferase （ALT） and total bile acid （TBA） at the 4 wk and 8 wk time points were decreased in the cystamine group compared with those in fibrosis controls （P 〈 0.01）. Liver hydroxyproline content at the 4 wk and 8 wk time points showed a substantial reduction in the cystamine group compared to fibrosis controls （P 〈 0.01）. The expression of tTG, α-SMA, collagen-1, TIMP-1 mRNA and tTG, as well as α-SMA protein was downregulated in the cystamine group compared to fibrosis controls. CONCLUSION： Cystamine can ameliorate CCl4 induced liver fibrosis and protect hepatic function. The possible mechanism is related to the reduced synthesis of the extracellular matrix （ECM） caused by the inhibition of hepatic stellate cell activation and decreased expression of TIMP-1.

Research on meshing theory of noninvolute beveloid gears

A mathematical model has been developed using the space engagement theory and the differential geometry for the line contact of noninvolute beveloid gears with intersecting axes with their tooth profile equations and engagement equations established for the first time and their meshing theory analysed. It can be seen from the fact that the tooth profile equation finally derived is no longer a standard involute helicoid and standard involute beveloid gears with intersecting axes have no way to satisfy the line contact requirement. However, the noninvdute beveloid gears derived in this paper satisfy the line contact requirement very well. All these work will inevitably facilitate further investigations into gear tooth generation, stiffness, backlash and efficiency of transmission.

JM_2-14型回柱绞车的结构改进

介绍了ＪＭ２－１４型回柱绞车的改造部位、工作原理及使用注意事项。

Multivariable fuzzy control of residential inverter-driven air conditionings

A model free intelligent muhivariable fuzzy controller （MFC） designed for modulating the vapor compression cycles in a residential inverter-driven air conditioning is proposed. The novel controller combines a traditional fuzzy controller （TFC） and an additional coupling fuzzy controller, the coupling fuzzy controller is introduced to compensate for the unknown cross-coupling effects of this muhivariable system. In order to evaluate the control performance of the MFC, it is digitally implemented in terms of regulating the desired evaporating temperature and superheat. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the MFC for improvement of system performance and energy efficiency.

Nonlinear buckling finite element analysis of stiffened B-Al plates

Nonlinear buckling behavior of stiffened composite B-Al plates was analyzed by means of finite element analysis(FEA) method. In the method, the composite material was taken as B matrix into which Al fibers were embedded in different configurations. The laminated B-Al material in the form of rectangular plates was subjected to lateral compressive loading. It is observed that stiffeners have significant effect on the buckling behavior of plates under compressive loading and for various geometrical configurations. The stiffeners used in the modeling are one-sided and have rectangular cross-sections. It is found that there are physically important loading intervals and the critical buckling modes make transitions back and forth between stable and unstable states. Bifurcation buckling regions resulting from various configurations of fiber orientations and different plate aspect ratios are determined. The whole analysis is performed by using ANSYS finite element computations. Only the buckling patterns of stiffened plate configurations under simply supported boundary conditions are studied. Distributions of compressive stresses(σx) vs in-plane contractions(u) and compressive stresses(σx) vs out-of plane deflections(δ) are obtained. Nonlinear analysis of the C2 fiber configuration yields the safest critical buckling stress amongst C1, C2, C3 and C4 configurations. It is concluded that FEA method for the nonlinear buckling analysis generates accurate results.

2D joint inversion of CSAMT and magnetic data based on cross-gradient theory

A two-dimensional forward and backward algorithm for the controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric （CSAMT） method is developed to invert data in the entire region （near, transition, and far） and deal with the effects of artificial sources. First, a regularization factor is introduced in the 2D magnetic inversion, and the magnetic susceptibility is updated in logarithmic form so that the inversion magnetic susceptibility is always positive. Second, the joint inversion of the CSAMT and magnetic methods is completed with the introduction of the cross gradient. By searching for the weight of the cross-gradient term in the objective function, the mutual influence between two different physical properties at different locations are avoided. Model tests show that the joint inversion based on cross-gradient theory offers better results than the single-method inversion. The 2D forward and inverse algorithm for CSAMT with source can effectively deal with artificial sources and ensures the reliability of the final joint inversion algorithm.

Synchronous tracking control of 6-DOF hydraulic parallel manipulator using cascade control method

The synchronous tracking control problem of a hydraulic parallel manipulator with six degrees of freedom (DOF) is complicated since the inclusion of hydraulic elements increases the order of the system.To solve this problem,cascade control method with an inner/outer-loop control structure is used,which masks the hydraulic dynamics with the inner-loop so that the designed controller takes into account of both the mechanical dynamics and the hydraulic dynamics of the manipulator.Furthermore,a cross-coupling control approach is introduced to the synchronous tracking control of the manipulator.The position synchronization error is developed by considering motion synchronization between each actuator joint and its adjacent ones based on the synchronous goal.Then,with the feedback of both position error and synchronization error,the tracking is proven to guarantee that both the position errors and synchronization errors asymptotically converge to zero.Moreover,the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by the experimental results performed with a 6-DOF hydraulic parallel manipulator.

Effect of large strain cross rolling on microstructure and properties of Al-Li alloy plates with high magnesium content

Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),electron backscattered diffraction imaging(EBSD)and X-ray diffractometry were used to analyze the microstructure and texture characteristics of Al-9.8Mg-1.5Li-0.4Mn alloy cross-rolled and extruded plates,and the tensile properties and deep drawing performance were measured.The results show that the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization was promoted,the grains were refined and the preferred orientation of the recrystallized grains was improved by large strain cross rolling.Compared with CBA and CCB rolling methods,CBB rolling method significantly reduced the orientation density of the typical Brass texture{110}?112?in the extruded plates.The orientation densities of Copper texture{112}?111?and Brass texture{110}?112?on theβorientation line in the CBB rolled plates were the lowest,and there were no typical texture features in the plates.Meanwhile,better deep drawing could be gained in the CBB rolled plates,and the mechanical properties of the 0°,45°and 90°directions were basically the same.The tensile strength,yield strength and elongation at room temperature for the CBB rolled plates were 617 MPa,523 MPa and over 20.1%,respectively.The deviation of the mechanical properties at different directions was less than 3%.

Effect of variable thickness cross rolling on edge crack and microstructure gradient of AZ31 magnesium alloy

The hot rolling experiment of AZ31 magnesium alloy was carried out by laying anoverlay mold at the initial temperature of 400℃.According to the Mizushima automatic plan view pattern control system(MAS)rolling theory and the cross rolling process,different reductions in the middle and edges of the magnesium alloy were realized,and the influence of the regional controlled reduction rolling on the edge cracks and microstructure gradient of the magnesium alloy were analyzed.It is shown that this rolling approach has reduced the maximum edge crack depth of the rolled piece by 56.85%,and there is a weakening tendency in the base surface texture of the strip edge,the base surface texture density drops from 23.97 to 17.48 after ordinary flat rolling.It exhibits basal texture gradients from the edge to the middle of the sheet along the RD direction,which reflected the uneven deformation of the sheets.It is suitable for the processing of metal molds that require large edge reductions such as mobile phone shells,and provided a theoretical basis for the variable thickness rolling of the magnesium alloy strip.

Cross-coupling integral adaptive robust posture control of a pneumatic parallel platform

A pneumatic parallel platform driven by an air cylinder and three circumambient pneumatic muscles was considered. Firstly, a mathematical model of the pneumatic servo system was developed for the MIMO nonlinear model-based controller designed. The pneumatic muscles were controlled by three proportional position valves, and the air cylinder was controlled by a proportional pressure valve. As the forward kinematics of this structure had no analytical solution, the control strategy should be designed in joint space. A cross-coupling integral adaptive robust controller(CCIARC) which combined cross-coupling control strategy and traditional adaptive robust control(ARC) theory was developed by back-stepping method to accomplish trajectory tracking control of the parallel platform. The cross-coupling part of the controller stabilized the length error in joint space as well as the synchronization error, and the adaptive robust control part attenuated the adverse effects of modelling error and disturbance. The force character of the pneumatic muscles was difficult to model precisely, so the on-line recursive least square estimation(RLSE) method was employed to modify the model compensation. The projector mapping method was used to condition the RLSE algorithm to bound the parameters estimated. An integral feedback part was added to the traditional robust function to reduce the negative influence of the slow time-varying characteristic of pneumatic muscles and enhance the ability of trajectory tracking. The stability of the controller designed was proved through Laypunov's theory. Various contrast controllers were designed to testify the newly designed components of the CCIARC. Extensive experiments were conducted to illustrate the performance of the controller.

CROSSING ANASTOMOSIS OF NERVE BUNDLES NEAR INNERVATED ORGANS TO TREAT IRREPARABLE NERVE INJURIES

Objective To study the therapeutical effects of crossing anastomosis of nerve on the peripheral and central nerve injuries. Methods Twelve kinds of central and peripheral nerve disorders and their complications were treated with 11 kinds of crossing anastomosis of nerve bundles near the innervated organs. After nerve injury and repair, somatosensory evoked potentials （SEPs） and horseradish peroxidase （HRP） retrograde tracing studies were used to investigate the rabbit＇s nerve function and morphology. Resets The ulcers of all patients healed. Sensation, voluntary movement, and joint function recovered. Four weeks after the anastomosis of distal stump of radialis superficialis nerve and median nerve, pain sensation regained and SEPs appeared. HRP retrograde tracing studies demonstrated sensory nerve ending of medial nerve formed new connection with the body of neuron. Conclusion Crossing anastomosis of nerve is an effective method to treat peripheral and central nerve injuries.

Optimal traffic light control method for a single intersecti on basedon hybrid systems

A single intersection of two phases is selected as a model to put forward a new optimal time-planning scheme for traffic light based on the model of hybrid automata for single intersection. A method of optimization is proposed for hybrid systems, and the average queue length over all queues is used as an objective function to find an optimal switching scheme for traffic light. It is illustrated that traffic light control for single intersection is a typical hybrid system, and the optimal planning-time scheme can be obtained using the optimal hybrid systems control based on the two stages method.