拉合空载变压器的几个典型问题

变压器的励磁涌流、切除空载变压器引起过电压、合空载变压器发生电容传递过电压是拉合空载变压器的几个典型问题,在理论上涉及电机学、高电压技术、电力系统暂稳态分析等专业知识。这几个问题在实际运行中如果防范措施不得力,一旦超过一定限度,不但直接对变压器这一元件造成不可逆的破坏,而且对整个电力系统的可靠经济运行造成极大影响。因此,有必要分析这几个问题产生的原理,清楚它们可能造成的后果,明白限制方法,最后归结到操作上(在各部分也有说明),得出拉合空载变压器的合理方法。

变压器空载合闸导致电能质量问题初探

近些年来,随着市场经济的不断发展,我国电力系统也日渐趋于完善,对于电力系统运行中的问题也有更加深入的研究。合空载变压器是当前电力系统运行中一种较为常见的操作,空载合闸会引起不同的电能质量问题,其中以空载产生的励磁涌流最为常见。励磁涌流不仅会产生大量的谐波,导致电网电压的骤降,同时对于电气设备的稳定运行也会产生一定的影响,同时对于其临近的控制器也会产生影响而引起错误操作。因此,对于变压器空载合闸导致电能质量的相关问题进行深入的研究,有着十分重要的意义。

三相电力变压器联接组别的确定

三相电力变化器联接组别的确定在实际应用中非常重要,特别是当变压器并联使用时,若二台上变压器联接组别不同,会造成变压器绕组内部产生巨大的环流,导致烧毁变压器。因此,正确掌握三相变压器联接组别的确定方式,是电专业技术人员的必备条件。

电炉变压器操作过电压抑制与结线分析

一概述电孤炉炼钢生产工艺要求变压器操作开关经常切合变压器的各种电流,小炉子每天要切合上百次,大炉子也要切合数十次。目前普遍采用切断电流速度快、截流值高的真空开关来完成这一严酷的操作任务。真空开关在操作过程中由于电路状态的突变,电路中的电容、电感等储能元件将产生充电再充电,使电压的暂态分量叠加形成操作过电压。

750kV输变电示范工程操作暂态过电压现场实测与计算分析

以实测结果为参考,基于电磁暂态分析理论并通过数字仿真分析验证了合750kV空载变压器过程中产生持续时间短、振荡频率和幅值很高操作过电压的机理。通过仿真计算再现了750kV线路单相分合操作过电压很高的现象,比较了750kV线路操作过电压实测和仿真预测结果,确认出现该现象的原因是断路器合闸电阻未能正常投入。据此,建议及时消除断路器中可能存在的隐患,保证系统安全运行。

Hologamous integrating strategies for incipient fault diagnosis of transformer

This paper studied an integrative fault diagnostic system on the power transformer. On-line monitor items were grounded current of iron core, internal partial discharge and oil dissolved gas. Diagnostic techniques were simple rule-based judgment, fuzzy logistic reasoning and neural network distinguishing. Considering that much faults information was interactional, intellectualized diagnosis was implemented based on integrating the neural network with the expert system. Hologamous integrating strategies were materialized by information-based integrating monitor devices, shared information database on several levels and fusion diagnosis software along thought patterns. The expert system practiced logic thought by logistic reasoning. The neural network realized image thought by model matching. Creative conclusion was educed by their integrating. The diagnosis example showed that the integrative diagnostic system was reasonable and practical.

Analysis and suppression method of transformer no-load closing excitation inrush current

The primary winding of the transformer will generate large inrush current due to the saturation of iron core when an unloaded transformer is switched-on. The inrush current not only causes mechanical interaction force due to which the windings are damaged, but also induces the differential protection relays to operate incorrectly. In this paper, the mathematical model of unloaded single phase transformer in switch-on is analyzed; the computation formulas of the inrush current and its interruption angle are presented. The experiment investigation of single phase transformers with different capacities shows that the inrush current measurement result is consistent with theoretical analysis. The inrush current waveform is typically a steeple top waveform with high order harmonics and damping in one direction. In the same condition, large inrush current amplitude will be induced with smaller switching angle, larger residual flux and smaller saturation flux.

Series transformer based diode-bridge-type solid state fault current limiter

We propose a novel series transformer based diode-bridge-type solid state fault current limiter （SSFCL）. To control the fault current, a series RLC branch is connected to the secondary side of an isolation series transformer. Based on this RLC branch, two current limiting modes are created. In the first mode, R and C are bypassed via a paralleled power electronic switch （insulated-gate bipolar transistor, IGBT） and L remains connected to the secondary side of the transformer as a DC reactor. In the second mode, the series reactor impedance is not enough to limit the fault current. In this case, the fault current can be con- trolled by selecting a proper on-off duration of the parallel IGBT, across the series damping resistor （R） and capacitor, which inserts high impedance into the line to limit the fault current. Then, by controlling the magnitude of the DC reactor current, the fault current is reduced and the voltage of the point of common coupling （PCC） is kept at an acceptable level. In addition, in the new SSFCL, the series RC branch, connected in parallel with the IGBT, serves as a snubber circuit for decreasing the transient recovery voltage （TRV） of the IGBT during on-off states. Therefore, the power quality indices can be improved. The measure- ment results of a built prototype are presented to support the simulation and theoretical studies. The proposed SSFCL can limit the fault current without any delay and successfully smooth the fault current waveform.

Electrical and magnetic properties of electrodeposited Fe-based alloys used for thin film transformer

Three electrodeposited Fe-Ni,Fe-Co,and Fe-Ni-Co cores of thin film transformer are prepared on silicon(100) substrates,which are sputtered a 90 nm thick film of Cu acting as the seed layer.The core films consisting of Fe-Ni 20:80,Fe-Co 60:40 and Fe-Ni-Co 10:60:30,respectively,are deposited using direct current electrodeposition.The surface texture,electrical and magnetic properties are surveyed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID),etc.The wave transmission ability and efficiency of thin film transformer with these cores,inputting the sine wave,are compared.All the analyses indicate that FeNi alloy films display the optimal magnetic properties and excellent transformer performance.

Temperature and Concentration Fields in a Generator Integrated to Single Stage Heat Transformer Using Water/Carrol Mixture

The generator is the starter device of single stage heat transformer(SSHT) and its characteristics have main effects on the overall efficiency of this kind of absorption machines.This article reports a study of the generation of steam and changes in the concentration of the working solution(Water/Carrol mixture) into a plate heat exchanger as a function of its horizontal and vertical position by gravity effect.It is considered the analysis of six experimental tests;two were evaluated in a plate heat exchanger in a horizontal position and four in a vertical position(90 degree inclination).The generation of steam and increased concentration of the working solution are more sensitive to the vertical position of exchanger than in horizontal position.The results of numerical-experimental analysis indicates that a heat exchanger in horizontal position,the steam generation and the change in the concentration of the working solution occurring in the middle of the plate(or at greater distance depending to the thermodynamic conditions) and instantly in vertical position(at the input of the plate).