政德之辩的历史考察及理性思考——兼论现代中国“德治”的合德性

政、德关系是体现现代性本质的重要问题,也是困扰中国"德治"的难题。把政德之辩这一议题纳入到具有普遍性的政治哲学框架中,置政、德于哲学视域中进行探讨,可实现一种现代政治哲学叙事。在叙事中进行反思,能够明晰政治体系的建构及维持皆依赖于道德的价值支撑,揭示极端政治道德化及道德政治化治理模式的弊端。现代中国"德治"要避免陷入这两种模式,必须保证政治权力的合德性,注重社会资本的发掘,妥善处理德法次序问题。

大学生诚信价值观教育的合德性研究

大学生诚信价值观教育旨在促进大学生对诚信价值观的主动转型和积极追求,符合"千教万教教人求真,千学万学学做真人"的教育目的和追求,是大学生社会主义核心价值观教育的道德基础。面对诚信危机,诚信价值观教育必须具有全面的合德性,促进大学生在个人品德的提升中驻守诚信价值观,在家庭美德的承续中凝聚诚信价值观,在职业道德的提高中印证诚信价值观,在社会公德的践行中认同诚信价值观,进而推动大学生诚信之德的外显、诚信价值观的确立和对诚信信仰的坚守,促进大学生的全面发展。

论亚里士多德的德性观及其德育启示

在亚里士多德关于德性的观念中,德性始终跟幸福与至善是相追随的。人生的最终目的就是获得幸福——在人的一生中合乎那种最好、最完善的德性的实现活动。因此,做合乎德性的行为,成为一个有德性的人。

论政府评价的标准

综合中外各国政治学家的政府评价观 ,笔者认为 ,对政府的评价必须抛弃传统的用经济基础、阶级基础的标准来评价政府的简单方法 ,只有综合运用合法性、合利性和合德性评价标准 。

Similarity Reductions and Exact Solutions of a Coupled Korteweg de Vries System

For a special coupled Korteweg de Vries （KdV） system, its similarity solutions and reduction equations are obtained by the Clarkson and Kruskal＇s direct method. In addition, its new explicit soliton solutions and traveling wave solutions are found by the deformation and mapping method.

Why Hollywood Hates Business： Immanuel Kant＇s Role in Avatar.＂ Movie Reviewed by Adam Smith

One of cinematic science fiction＇s most popular plot lines is to imagine an invasion of earth by an advanced alien species. James Cameron＇s Avatar turns the tables on that premise. Humans attack a peaceful, less technologically sophisticated race in order to exploit their natural resources. Driving the assault is a mining company hell-bent on improving its bottom line. The villain of Avatar is not a person, but those people who seek profit. To put it starkly, business is evil. But why has the entertainment business cast business as a heavy？ Hollywood has now made Immanuel Kant as the director of moral sentiment. Not, of course, directly, but rather the ghostwriter of Hollywood＇s ideas about morality. The works of Kant are not discussed or debated in the public arena, but their principles have influenced the way people think about what is just and good. The ideas of Kant have filtered into the contemporary discourse and are one of the key ingredients in the national dialogue over what it means to be moral. The categorical imperative holds that an action is moral only if it is free from calculation of reward or gain. To be truly, moral people must abandon all practical considerations of need or desire; they must be directed by pure good will alone. Business people can never measure up to Kant＇s standard. They always make choices based on cost and benefit. Their businesses would quickly go bankrupt, if they made decisions on good will rather than interest. Kant＇s principles have raised the moral standard so high that even the common inclination to seek one＇s own benefit is looked on with some mistrust. In Kantian-influenced movies, business people have come to play the evil antagonist; they seek gain instead of the good. How would Adam Smith, the father of economic rationality, respond to popularized Kantian morality？

A robust statistical procedure to discover expression biomarkers using microarray genomic expression data

Microarray has become increasingly popular biotechnology in biological and medical researches, and has been widely applied in classification of treatment subtypes using expression patterns of biomarkers. We developed a statistical procedure to identify expression biomarkers for treatment subtype classification by constructing an F-statistic based on Henderson method Ⅲ. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to examine the robustness and efficiency of the proposed method. Simulation results showed that our method could provide satisfying power of identifying differentially expressed genes （DEGs） with false discovery rate （FDR） lower than the given type I error rate. In addition, we analyzed a leukemia dataset collected from 38 leukemia patients with 27 samples diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL） and 11 samples as acute myeloid leukemia （AML）. We compared our results with those from the methods of significance analysis of microarray （SAM） and microarray analysis of variance （MAANOVA）. Among these three methods, only expression biomarkers identified by our method can precisely identify the three human acute leukemia subtypes.

A Coupled Hybrid Lattice: Its Related Continuous Equation and Symmetries

The hybrid lattice, known as a discrete Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, is found to be a discrete modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation in this paper. The coupled hybrid lattice, which is pointed to be a discrete coupled KdV system, is also found to be discrete form of a coupled mKdV systems. Delayed differential reduction system and pure difference systems are derived from the coupled hybrid system by means of the symmetry reduction approach. Cnoidal wave, positon and negaton solutions for the coupled hybrid system are proposed.

Minimum distance constrained nonnegative matrix factorization for hyperspectral data unmixing

This paper considers a problem of unsupervised spectral unmixing of hyperspectral data. Based on the Linear Mixing Model （ LMM）, a new method under the framework of nonnegative matrix fac- torization （NMF） is proposed, namely minimum distance constrained nonnegative matrix factoriza- tion （MDC-NMF）. In this paper, firstly, a new regularization term, called endmember distance （ED） is considered, which is defined as the sum of the squared Euclidean distances from each end- member to their geometric center. Compared with the simplex volume, ED has better optimization properties and is conceptually intuitive. Secondly, a projected gradient （PG） scheme is adopted, and by the virtue of ED, in this scheme the optimal step size along the feasible descent direction can be calculated easily at each iteration. Thirdly, a finite step （ no more than the number of endmem- bers） terminated algorithm is used to project a point on the canonical simplex, by which the abun- dance nonnegative constraint and abundance sum-to-one constraint can be accurately satisfied in a light amount of computation. The experimental results, based on a set of synthetic data and real da- ta, demonstrate that, in the same running time, MDC-NMF outperforms several other similar meth- ods proposed recently.

Extremity fractures in children： a hospital based study in Tehran

Objective： Although long bone fracture in children is not life-threatening, it may cause major disability, loss of working days and severe psychological distress. We conducted this study to determine the pattern of extremity fracture due to trauma in children. Methods： During one year in six general hospitals in Tehran, trauma patients who were hospitalized for more than 24 hours and sustained injuries within seven days before admission were included in the study. The records of children （≤16 years old） hospitalized in six general hospitals in Tehran due to trauma were reviewed prospectively. Results： During the study period, 1 274 children had sustained extremity fractures. Male to female ratio was 3.6/ 1, with the mean age of （10.3±4.2） years. Falls and traffic crashes were the main causes of injuries, with the percentages of 57.3 % and 37.1%, respectively. Simple fall （falling on the ground） consisted 60% of patients that sustained fall-related injuries. Pedestrians and bicycle riders comprised most of the cases that were injured due to traffic crashes. Of our cases, 56.8% sustained fractures in the upper extremities and 43.2% in the lower extremities. Forearm was the most common fracture site （34.1%）. Comparing our results in preschool and school-age children, falls were the main cause of injuries in both groups, but fractures of lower extremities were significantly more common in preschool children. Conclusions： Improvement of physical condition of sidewalks and crossings in roads will be necessary for prevention of injuries. More attention to safety of home environment should be paid for control of preschools＇ injury at home. Education of children and adults is necessary to reduce injuries resulting from road traffic crashes.