Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported （GRPS） embankment has been increasingly constructed in a large number of regions and for a wide range of projects in the past decades. However, many disadvantages are expos...Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported （GRPS） embankment has been increasingly constructed in a large number of regions and for a wide range of projects in the past decades. However, many disadvantages are exposed through a lot of applications on conventional technique of GRPS embankment （called CT embankment）, i.e., intolerable settlement and lateral displacement, low geosynthetic efficiency, etc. In view of these disadvantages, the fixed geosynthetic technique of GRPS embankment （called FGT embankment） is developed in this work. In this system, the geosynthetic is fixed on the pile head by the steel bar fulcrum and concrete fixed top. The principles and construction techniques involved in the FGT embankment are described firstly. Then, the numerical analysis method and two-stage analysis method are used to study the performance of FGT embankment, respectively. It is shown that the FGT embankment can provide a better improvement technique to construct a high embankment over soft ground.展开更多
Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effect...Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.展开更多
Over the past decade, ultrathin lanthanide oxides （Ln2O3, Ln = La to Lu） nanomaterials have been intensively studied in the fields of rare earth materials science. This unique class of nanomaterials has shown many u...Over the past decade, ultrathin lanthanide oxides （Ln2O3, Ln = La to Lu） nanomaterials have been intensively studied in the fields of rare earth materials science. This unique class of nanomaterials has shown many unprecedented properties （big surface area, high surface effect, physical and chemical activities） and is thus being explored for numerous promising applications. In this review, a brief introduction of ultrathin Ln2O3 nanomaterials was given and their unique advantages were highlighted. Then, the typical synthetic methodologies were summarized and compared （thermal decomposition, solvothermal, soft template, co-precipition and microwave etc.）. Due to the high surface effect, some promising applications of ultmthin Ln203 nanomaterials, such as drug delivery and catalysis of CO oxidation, were reviewed. Finally, on the basis of current achievements on ultrathin Ln203 nanomaterials, personal perspectives and challenges on future research directions were proposed.展开更多
基金Foundation item： Project（51278216） supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project（11-2-05） supported by the Scientific and Technological Project for Shanxi Communication Construction, China Project（HF-08-01-2011-240） supported by the Graduates＇ Innovation Fund of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
文摘Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported （GRPS） embankment has been increasingly constructed in a large number of regions and for a wide range of projects in the past decades. However, many disadvantages are exposed through a lot of applications on conventional technique of GRPS embankment （called CT embankment）, i.e., intolerable settlement and lateral displacement, low geosynthetic efficiency, etc. In view of these disadvantages, the fixed geosynthetic technique of GRPS embankment （called FGT embankment） is developed in this work. In this system, the geosynthetic is fixed on the pile head by the steel bar fulcrum and concrete fixed top. The principles and construction techniques involved in the FGT embankment are described firstly. Then, the numerical analysis method and two-stage analysis method are used to study the performance of FGT embankment, respectively. It is shown that the FGT embankment can provide a better improvement technique to construct a high embankment over soft ground.
文摘Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.
基金supported by the Start-up Funding from Xi’an Jiaotong Universitythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015qngz12)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21371140)the China National Funds for Excellent Young Scientists (21522106)
文摘Over the past decade, ultrathin lanthanide oxides （Ln2O3, Ln = La to Lu） nanomaterials have been intensively studied in the fields of rare earth materials science. This unique class of nanomaterials has shown many unprecedented properties （big surface area, high surface effect, physical and chemical activities） and is thus being explored for numerous promising applications. In this review, a brief introduction of ultrathin Ln2O3 nanomaterials was given and their unique advantages were highlighted. Then, the typical synthetic methodologies were summarized and compared （thermal decomposition, solvothermal, soft template, co-precipition and microwave etc.）. Due to the high surface effect, some promising applications of ultmthin Ln203 nanomaterials, such as drug delivery and catalysis of CO oxidation, were reviewed. Finally, on the basis of current achievements on ultrathin Ln203 nanomaterials, personal perspectives and challenges on future research directions were proposed.
