甲烷二氧化碳转化制合成气稀土助剂抗积炭性能的研究

利用脉冲微型反应色谱装置研究了Ｎｉ－２，Ｎｉ－２－Ｃｅ，Ｎｉ－２－Ｃｅ－Ｍｇ催化剂ＣＨ４脱氢和ＣＯ２消炭反应，结果表明：ＣｅＯ２能够抑制甲烷脱氢积炭反应，增加催化剂表面炭的活性，同时提高ＣＯ２的消炭能力．ＸＲＤ研究表明，加入ＣｅＯ２和ＭｇＯ助剂后，能够提高Ｎｉ的分散度，从而使Ｎｉ－２－Ｃｅ－Ｍｇ具有高活性、选择性而且具有很高的抗积炭性能和稳定性．

陶瓷坯用色料的应用和展望

论述了坯用色料在抛光砖、通体砖和外墙砖装饰中的应用及坯用色料与釉用色料的差异、两者的共性和特性,特别是高温下的物理、化学环境和变化。介绍了主要的坯用色料,主要的天然坯用色料和人工合成坯用色料及其在应用中须注意的问题。综述了一些主要坯用色料的结构、组成和应用中须注意的问题,以及陶瓷坯用色料的发展动向和趋势。

Preparation of Ni(HCO_3)_2 and its catalytic performance in synthesis of benzoin ethyl ether

Ni（HCO3）2 with unique phase and high crystallinity was synthesized with urea hydrolysis. The as-prepared samples were well characterized in detail. N2 adsorption and desorption result manifests a high surface area of 99.03 m2/g with a pore size of 7.8 nm. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and particle size distribution reveal that the diameters of the formed pellets are uniform. Thermogravimetry （TG） analysis result shows that 500 ℃ could be the appropriate temperature for converting Ni（HCO3）2 precursors into NiO via a thermal decomposition process. CO2 and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption results show that Ni（HCO3）2 has explicit acid-base sites. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） results vividly indicate that the pellets are aggregated by hexagonal platelets and possess porous structures. Ni（HCO3）2 can efficiently catalyze the one-step synthesis of benzoin ethyl ether from benzaldehyde and ethanol, with the conversion ofbenzaldehyde up to 57.5% and nearly 100% selectivity of benzoin ethyl ether.

Synthesis of a New Series of Chalcone Derivatives and Their Antifungal Activities

To study the antifungal effect of chalcone derivatives. Methods Sixteenchalcone derivatives were synthesized and confirmed by ~1H NMR and IR spectra, and tested forantifungal activity against four common pathogenic fungi. Their structure-activity relationship isdiscussed. Results Among 16 title compounds, there were 5 new compounds, which have not beenreported before. The preliminary antifungal test showed that all title compounds exhibitedantifungal activities to a certain extent. The activity of compound 8 against Trichophyton rubrumhad a potency equal to that of fluconazole, with a MIC of 4 μg·mL^(-1) . Conclusion Sixteenchalcones were prepared and their antifungal activities against four common pathogenic fungi invitro were examined. Some of them exhibited antifungal activities to a certain extent.

不同类型电瓷棕釉着色剂研究

通过在棕釉中添加铬铁矿与氧化物、合成色料和全氧化物三种不同着色类型的着色剂,对电瓷棕釉的着色机理及稳定性进行了初步探讨。

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of herbicide resistance in creeping bentgrass and colonial bentgrass

Embryogenic calli were induced from the seeds of creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis palustris Huds.) cv. Regent and colonial bentgrass ( Agrostis Tenuis Sibth. Fl. Oxen.) cv. Tiger. The embryogenic calli were precultured on fresh medium for 4-7 days and then co cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens , LBA4404, which contains plasmid vector pSBGM harboring bar coding region, synthetic green fluorescent protein (sGFP) coding region and matrix attachment region (MAR). After 3 days of co cultivation, the calli were washed thoroughly and transferred to MS medium containing 2 mg/L of 2, 4 D, 12-15 mg/L phosphinothricin (PPT) and 250 mg/L of cefotaxime. After 2-3 months of selection, the actively growing calli of 'Regent' and 'Tiger' were transferred to MS medium with 12-15 mg/L PPT and 250 mg/L cefotaxime for regeneration. The putative transformants were maintained on MS medium with 3 mg/L PPT for long period but control died within 1 month. After establishing in greenhouse, the transformants also showed strong resistance to 0.4% of herbicide Basta but control plants died within 2 weeks. Under confocal microscope, both young leaves and roots showed significant GFP expression. PCR analysis revealed the presence of a DNA fragment of GFP gene at the expected size (380 bp) in the transformants and its absence in a randomly selected control plant.

Biomolecule-assisted, cost-effective synthesis of a Zn_(0.9)Cd_(0.1)S solid solution for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light

A series of alloyed Zn‐Cd‐S solid solutions with a cubic zinc blende structure were fabricated hydrothermally with the assistance of L‐cystine under mild conditions.The products were characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM,XPS,UV‐vis,and BET techniques,and the photocatalytic performance for the reduction of water to H2on the solid solutions was evaluated in the presence of S2?/SO32?as hole scavengers under visible light illumination.Among all the samples,the highest photocatalytic activity was achieved over Zn0.9Cd0.1S with a rate of4.4mmol h?1g?1,even without a co‐catalyst,which far exceeded that of CdS.Moreover,Zn0.9Cd0.1S displayed excellent anti‐photocorrosion properties during the photoreduction of water into H2.The enhancement in the photocatalytic performance was mainly attributed to the efficient charge transfer in the Zn0.9Cd0.1alloyed structure and the high surface area.This work provides a simple,cost‐effective and green technique,which can be generalized as a rational preparation route for the large‐scale fabrication of metal sulfide photocatalysts.

Characterization of a novel toxin-antitoxin module,VapBC,encoded by Leptospira interrogans chromosome

Comparative genomic analysis of the coding sequences (CDSs) of Leptospira interrogans revealed a pair of closely linked genes homologous to the vapBC loci of many other bacteria with respect to both deduced amino acid sequences and operon organizations. Expression of single vapC gene in Escherichia coli resulted in inhibition of bacterial growth,whereas co-expression of vapBC restored the growth effectively. This phenotype is typical for three other characterized toxin-antitoxin systems of bacteria, i.e., mazEF[1], relBE[2] and chpIK[3]. The VapC proteins of bacteria and a thermophilic archeae, Solfolobus tokodaii, form a structurally distinguished group of toxin different from the other known toxins of bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of both toxins and antitoxins of all categories indicated that although toxins were evolved from divergent sources and may or may not follow their speciation paths (as indicated by their 16s RNA sequences), co-evolution with their antitoxins was obvious.

Sustainable synthesis of supported metal nanocatalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution

Among the various types of heterogeneous catalysts,supported metal nanocatalysts(SMNCs)have attracted widespread interest in chemistry and materials science,due to their advantageous features,such as high efficiency,stability,and reusability for catalytic reactions.However,to obtain well-defined SMNCs and inhibit nanoparticle aggregation,traditional approaches generally involve numerous organic reagents,complex steps,and specialized equipment,thus hindering the practical and large-scale synthesis of SMNCs.In this review,we summarize green and sustainable synthetic methodologies for the assembly of SMNCs,including low temperature pyrolysis and solid-state,surfactant-and reductant-free,and ionic liquid assisted syntheses.The conventional application of SMNCs for electrochemical hydrogen evolution and the corresponding achievements are subsequently discussed.Finally,future perspectives toward the sustainable production of SMNCs are presented.

Green synthesis of pure and doped semiconductor nanoparticles of ZnS and CdS

Nanoparticles of pure and Cu/Ag-doped CdS and ZnS have been synthesized via chemical bath deposition without using any capping or toxic reagents.The synthesis was carried out through a simple and less expensive green method.The XRD result shows that both pure CdS and ZnS and their doped derivatives are of high crystalline with hexagonal packing structure.The average crystalline size of all nanoparticles was calculated using Debye-Scherrer formula.The crystalline size of nanoparticles of pure samples varied with that of the doped sample.The average crystalline sizes of all nanoparticles are found to be in the range of 5.5-2.2 nm for CdS（from pure to doped） and 4.3-3.4 nm for ZnS,respectively.The band gap values obtained from UV-visible spectra are in the range of 3.5-2.1 e V for CdS and 3.3-2.7 e V for ZnS derivatives,respectively.The FTIR spectral data give characteristic peaks for Cd—S,Cu—S,Ag—S and Zn—S bonds and confirm the formation of respective nanoparticles.The peaks corresponding to the microstructural formation are also observed.The FE-SEM images show the granular morphological structure for all the samples.The agglomeration size of the samples in the range of 10-50 nm for CdS：Cu and 50-100 nm for ZnS：Cu is observed.

Wastewater Treatment for Removal of Recalcitrant Compounds：A Hybrid Process for Decolorization and Biodegradation of Dyes

While conventional wastewater treatments for urban effluents are fairly routine and have proved highly effective,industrial wastewater requires more complex and specific treatments.This paper provides a technological strategy for removal of recalcitrant contaminants based on a hybrid treatment system.The model effluent containing a binary mixture of synthetic dyes is treated by a combination of a preliminary physicochemical stage followed by a biological stage based on ligninolytic enzymes produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium.This proposal includes biosorption onto peat as pretreatment,which decreases the volume and concentration to be treated in the biological reactor,thereby obtaining a completely decolorized effluent.The treated wastewater can therefore be reused in the dyeing baths with the consequent saving of water resources.

Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of new green electrolyte 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium perchlorate

1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium perchlorate([BMIM]ClO4) was synthesized by two steps with N-methylimidazolium.Some physico-chemical properties,such as density,surface tension,viscosity,electrical conductivity as well as electrochemical window,were investigated and solvent performance was also studied.The results show that this kind of ionic liquid is an excellent electrolyte with low viscosity,high electrical conductivity and wide electrochemical window.In addition,[BMIM]ClO4 is soluble in most conventional solvents and some metal oxides have high solubility in it,which lays the foundation of direct electrolysis of metal oxides in this ionic liquid.

Synthesis of a novel organic nonlinear optical chromophore and the Testing for μ_gβ Value

A novel second-order nonlinear optical chromophore （DCDHF-2-V） was synthesized from 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butanae, propanedinitrile and 4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde by aldol condensation reaction. Molecular structural characterization was investigated by elemental analysis, FTIR, and 1H-NMR spectra. The melting point obtained from DSC thermogram was almost 251 ℃, and the compound shows a thermal stability up to 270 ℃. Second-order NLO properties of the chromophore were measured by solvatochromic method. From the quantum-mechanical two-level model, it can be obtained that the μgβ value of DCDHF-2-V is 6520×10^-48esu atthe wavelength of 1064 nm.

Large-vessel thrombosis in intestinal Behet's disease complicated with myelodysplastic syndrome and trisomy 8

Behet's disease is characterized by recurrent oral ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis and skin lesions. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is characterized by problems due to ineffective hematopoiesis. Several studies have identified a relationship between MDS and Behet's disease, especially intestinal Behet's disease. Trisomy 8 seems to play an important role in these disorders as well. The present case was a 24-year-old woman who had a huge tonsil ulcer with initial symptoms of odynophagia and intermittent fever. We also noted folliculitis on her upper back. Five days later, she began to experience diarrhea and abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography and subsequent surgery revealed ileum perforation and enterocolitis with multiple ulcers. Later, she was admitted again for a vulvar suppurative ulcer and suspicious Bartholin's cyst infection. The patient's clinical presentations met the criteria for Behet's disease. Six months after the bowel perforation event, we noted the development of pancytopenia in a routine laboratory examination. All the examinations led to the diagnosis of MDS with trisomy 8. The most unusual finding was that multiple large vessel thrombi developed during follow-up. Previous studies have suggested that trisomy 8 in MDS leads to concurrent intestinal Behet's disease. Moreover, the inflammatory and immune genes related to thrombus formation are overexpressed in cases of MDS with trisomy 8. Trisomy 8 must play a role in thrombosis. Further studies are needed to help clarify the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of these disorders.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Juglone Derivatives

Nitro and halogen substituted derivatives of the juglone naphthoquinone were synthesized and assayed for their antibacterial activity. 8-Nitrojuglone was obtained as the exclusive product from the direct nitration of juglone with nickel （Ⅱ） nitrate and p-toluenesulphonic acid. In addition, a series of five 8-halojuglone derivatives were synthesized via a solvent-free Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. One of the acylation reactions afforded an anthraquinone-type derivative as the minor product. The 8-nitrojuglone derivative displayed the most notable activity against S. aureus. However, all of the 8-halojuglone derivatives were found to be less active than juglone against the bacteria assayed.

Target Oriented Synthesis and Mass Spectral Characterization of Curcumin-Phenformin Adduct： Potential Insights into the Role of this Conjugate as Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Cancer Agent

Recently microwave-induced chemical synthesis of curcumin-metformin adduct to enhance the efficacy of metformin in preventing the formation of Advanced Glycation End Products （AGEs） has been reported from authors＇ laboratory. The present studies describe microwave-induced chemical synthesis and mass spectral characterization of curcumin-phenformin adducts using LC-MS/MS. The mechanism of formation and its analytical data via Thin-Layer Chromatography （TLC） combined with MS/MS fragmentation revealed a major six membered ring adduct and a minor eight membered ring isomer. A facile chemical synthesis and identification of major and minor isomers presented in this study may offer novel therapeutic strategies for inhibiting AGEs as well as anti-cancer treatments.

Enhanced Property of Thin Cuprous Oxide Film Prepared through Green Synthetic Route

Thin cuprous oxide films have been prepared by chemical vapor deposition(pulsed spray evaporation-chemical vapor deposition)method without post-treatment.The synthesis of cuprous oxide was produced by applying a water strategy effect.Then,the effect of water on the morphology,topology,structure,optical properties and surface composition of the obtained films has been comprehensively investigated.The results reveal that a pure phase of Cu2O was obtained.The introduction of a small quantity of water in the liquid feedstock lowers the band gap energy from 2.16 eV to 2.04 eV.This finding was mainly related to the decrease of crystallite size due to the effect of water.The topology analyses,by using atomic force microscope,also revealed that surface roughness decreases with water addition,namely more uniform covered surface.Moreover,theoretical calculations based on density functional theory method were performed to understand the adsorption and reaction behaviors of water and ethanol on the Cu2O thin film surface.Formation mechanism of the Cu2O thin film was also suggested and discussed.

Green synthesis of silver nanoneedles using shallot and apricot tree gum

A green synthesis method to produce silver nanoneedles was described using shallot and apricot tree gum（ATG）.A fast,simple,and low cost method was used to synthesize silver with nanoparticle and nanoneedle shape from the silver nitrate solution.Shallot as a reducing agent and apricot tree gum（ATG） as a stabilizer and a capping agent were utilized to reduce and form silver ions into silver atoms with needle and particle shape.Moreover,high crystalline structures of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） with diameters of 8-20 nm and silver nanoneedles with average diameters of 50-60 nm and lengths of 5-10 μm were consequently synthesized by shallot and the mixture of shallot and ATG.A self-assembly mechanism was proposed to indicate the formation of needle-like structures of spherical Ag NPs via carbon chains of ATG.The results indicate that the presence of ATG with shallot can transfer the reduced Ag NPs into the silver nanoneedle.The findings were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）,ultra violet visible（UV-Vis） spectrometry,field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM）,and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） techniques.

Complete genome sequence of the rifamycin SV-producing Amycolatopsis mediterranei U32 revealed its genetic characteristics in phylogeny and metabolism

Amycolatopsis mediterranei is used for industry-scale production of rifamycin, which plays a vital role in antimyco- bacterial therapy. As the first sequenced genome of the genus Amycolatopsis, the chromosome of strain U32 comprising 10 236 715 base pairs, is one of the largest prokaryotic genomes ever sequenced so far. Unlike the linear topology found in streptomycetes, this chromosome is circular, particularly similar to that of Saccharopolyspora erythraea and Nocardia farcinica, representing their close relationship in phylogeny and taxonomy. Although the predicted 9 228 protein-coding genes in the A. mediterranei genome shared the greatest number of orthologs with those of S. erythraea, it was unexpectedly followed by Streptomyces coelicolor rather than N. farcinica, indicating the distinct metabolic characteristics evolved via adaptation to diverse ecological niches. Besides a core region analogous to that common in streptomycetes, a novel ＇quasicore＇ with typical core characteristics is defined within the non-core region, where 21 out of the total 26 gene clusters for secondary metabolite production are located. The rifamycin biosynthesis gene cluster located in the core encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme essential for the conversion of rifamycin SV to B, revealed by comparing to the highly homologous cluster of the rifamycin B-producing strain S699 and further confirmed by genetic complementation. The genomic information of A. mediterranei demonstrates a metabolic network orchestrated not only for extensive utilization of various carbon sources and inorganic nitrogen compounds but also for effective funneling of metabolic intermediates into the secondary antibiotic synthesis process under the control of a seemingly complex regulatory mechanism.

Depth inversion in coastal water based on SAR image of waves

Wave-number spectrum technique is proposed to retrieve coastal water depths by means of Synthetic Aperture Radar （SAR） image of waves. Based on the general dispersion relation of ocean waves the wavelength changes of a surface wave over varying water depths can be derived from SAR. Approaching the analysis of SAR images of waves and using the general dispersion relation of ocean waves, this indirect technique of remote sensing bathymetry has been applied to a coastal region of Xiapu in Fujian Province, China. Results show that this technique is suitable for the coastal waters especially for the near-shore regions with variable water depths.