合成辣素的制备与应用

以香兰素和正-壬酸为原料制备了合成辣素,其化学结构经红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱、核磁共振氢谱验证,把合成辣素作为塑料添加剂加入PVC塑料样品,进行初步的药效测试,结果表明该化合物对老鼠具有显著的驱避作用。

抑菌性聚醚砜/辣素共混超滤膜的制备及表征

采用相转化法,以聚醚砜(PES)、合成辣素、聚乙二醇400(PEG400)、吐温80和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为原料制备聚醚砜/羧甲基壳聚糖共混超滤膜,并对影响超滤膜结构和性能的各个因素进行了研究。结果表明,在辣素含量为0.5%、反应温度为70℃条件下制备的PES/辣素共混超滤膜性能最优,其纯水通量为87.35 L/m2·h,对牛血清白蛋白截留率为90.71%。改性超滤膜的表面接触角下降为90.7°,阻力增大系数减小为1.09,亲水性能和耐污染性能提高不大,但对大肠杆菌有显著的抑菌作用。

正壬酸香草酰胺的制备与杀虫活性研究

[目的]探讨辣椒碱及其类似物正壬酸香草酰胺的杀虫活性。[方法]以香草醛和正壬酸为起始原料,经胺化还原反应、N-酰化反应制备了正壬酸香草酰胺,对其化学结构进行了EI-MS和1H NMR验证,并对辣椒碱和正壬酸香草酰胺进行了生物活性测定。[结果]辣椒碱和正壬香草酰胺对小菜蛾[Plutella xyllostella(Linnaeus)]3龄幼虫和蚕豆蚜(Aphis craccivora)3日龄若蚜均无明显的杀虫活性。[结论]为进一步研究辣椒碱的生物活性提供了理论依据。

Studies on the synthesis,pungency and anti-biofouling performance of capsaicin analogues

Ten capsaicin analogues were synthesized and their pungency degrees were determined through Scoville Organoleptic Test. The relationship between the structure and pungency degree of these capsaicin analogues was discussed. Then four of these capsaicin analogues with higher pungency degree were picked out and added to anti-biofouling paints as repellents to study their anti-biofouling performance by shallow sea buoyant raft hung-plate experimentation. The results showed that capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin exhibited equally good anti-biofouling performance while nordihydrocapsaicin and N-vanillylnonanamide had poor anti-biofouling performance. Experimental results also showed that the paints with only 0.1% capsaicin or dihydrocapsaicin as repellent without any other biocides had also exhibited good anti-biofouling performance, which provided a new idea for developing novel, more environment-friendly and Cu20-free antifouling paints.