吉力湖西地下水赋存条件及动态变化特征研究

以新疆和什托洛盖煤田吉力湖西地下水系统为分析对象,对研究区地下水的形成及赋存条件、含水层特征、地下水水位及化学动态变化特征进行分析,研究结果可知:(1)吉力湖西地下水系统整体呈不规则矩形分布,总体受降雨、蒸发等因素影响较大。地下水赋存量变化幅度较大,开采稳定性不高,水质较差,开发价值低。(2)从布设的50处监测站长期观测结果看,研究区第四系松散岩类孔隙潜水富水量大、地下水位动态明显,6-8月份,地下水位下降趋势明显;9月份-次年4月份,地下水位逐渐升高,在4月份形成高水位。第四系潜水水位动态渠线总体呈"单峰、单谷"形态,变化幅度在0.65 m左右。地下水化学类型主要受降水和地下水径流条件控制,呈西向东逐渐变化趋势。其中北片区水样化学类型变化顺序为:重碳酸型→重碳酸硫酸型→硫酸型,南片区变化顺序为为:重碳酸硫酸型→硫酸型→硫酸氯型。研究掌握区域地下水情况对后期开发工作的顺利开展意义重大。

吉力炸浅议

吉力炸是制作西餐的主要方法。该法源于法国,现被许多国家所采用,我国一般叫面包渣炸或面包粉炸,由于原料表面要裹一层面包渣,经油炸后成品形如板皮,所以也叫板炸或西法炸。

走过去,前面是片天——重庆吉力电装品厂迁建后的思考

当蓝图变为现实的今天,我再一次迈进重庆吉力电装品厂,两年前的拥挤、破旧荡然无存,呈现在眼前的是绿草茵茵、盆景点点的园林式工厂,9000平方米的厂房和4000平方米的管理大楼矗立在蓝天下,白墙灰顶,朴实无华,一如吉力人的禀性--不事张扬.这片占地80余亩,投资3000万元的新厂便是吉力人艰苦创业,将希望变为现实的见证,更是吉力建造未来大厦的坚硬基石.

DYNAMICS OF SANDY DESERTIFICATION AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN WESTERN JILIN PROVINCE

By establishing the interpreting elements, and applying supervised classification, the sandy desertific- ation was interpreted and the desertified land areas of the counties in the western Jilin Province in 1986 and in 2000 were obtained. Taking Tongyu and Qian’an as examples, the natural driving forces and man-made driving forces were analyzed. The paper comes the conclusions that the material sources and the warming and dry climate are the internal causes of potential land desertification; the irrational human activities, such as destroying forest and reclaiming the grassland, are the external causes of potential land desertification; while more rational human activities, such as planting trees and restoring grassland can reverse the land desertification. Furthermore, the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the western Jilin Province are put forward.

Geochronological Significance of the Post-Orogenic Mafic-Ultramafic Rocks in the Hongqiling Area of Jilin Province, Northeast China

Mafic-uitramafic complexes are widespread in Hongqiling in central Jiulin Province, NE China. The Hongqiling complex comprises pyroxenite, olivine websterite, lberzolite, gabbro and leucogabbro. Based on the latest geochronological results, these intrusions yield a zircon U-Pb age of about 216 Ma, implying that they emplaced in the late Triassic period and that the mafic-uitramafic complexes are post-orogenic in origin. These ages are coeval with the emplacement of A-type granites in the area, but slightly younger than syn-orogenic granitic magmatism. The composition of the parent magma during the equilibration of the accumulated olivine crystallizing is basaltic with high MgO, and it comes from depleted or juvenile lithospheric mantle, according to the results of trace elements and Sr-Nd isotopes. Amount of crustal material contaminated the magmatic source, implying that the mafic-uitramafic rocks originate from the mixing product of crust- and mantle-derived magma. Therefore, the magmatic source was contaminated by an amount of crustal material, and the subsequent crystal fractionation resulted in the Cu-Ni mineralization. Dynamic analyses indicate that, after the collision of the North China Craton and Jiamusi Massif, the lithospheric delamination during post-orogeny resulted in the upwelling of asthenosphere and the intruding of the mass and underplating of the mantle-derived magma, which led to the formation of the primary mafic-uitramafic magma due to the mantle-derived magma and partial melting of the lower crust. This result suggests that the mafic-uitramafic complexes belong to a typically important magmatic suite that evolved during post-orogenic processes, and they were exposed as maficultramafic dyke swarms that existed in the post-orogenic extension environment. It also implies that the orogenic process finished ultimately in this regional geological setting. The widespread occurrence of mafic-uitramafic complexes in the Xing＇an-Mongolia Orogenic Belt in NE China and in the Altay-Tianshan-Junggar Orogenic Belt in Northern Xinjiang indicates that mafic intrusions are an important magmatic suite that evolved during post-orogenic processes. Portions of this mafic magma could have underplated the lower crust, and served as a heat source for associated late-stage granitic magmas.

A Surface Tension Model for Liquid Mixtures Based on NRTL Equation

A new equation for predicting surface tension is proposed based on the thermodynamic definition of surface tension and the expression of the Gibbs free energy of the system. Using the NRTL equation to represent the excess Gibbs free energy, a two-parameter surface tension equation is derived. The feasibility of the new equation has been tested in terms of 124 binary and 16 multicomponent systems(13-ternary and 3-quaternary) with absolute relative deviations of 0.59% and 1.55% respectively. This model is also predictive for the temperature dependence of surface tension of liquid mixtures. It is shown that, with good accuracy, this equation is simple and reliable for practical use.

Mechanism and Kinetic of Free Radical Reactions for Propane Using theoretical Calculations

Quantum calculation method has been used to understand and investigate the free radical reactions of propane with hydroxyl radical in vacuum through modem quantum mechanics that is package on hyperchem 8.02 program. Optimized structures and structural reactivates have been studied through bond stability and angles using DFT calculation based on the basis set 6-31G＊. Energetic properties have been calculated like total energy, Gibbs free energy, entropy, heat of formation, and rate constant for all chemical species that＇s participate in the suggested reaction mechanism. Reaction mechanism and rate determining step had been suggested according to calculation of energy barrier values, and compares between the suggested competitive reactions for each probable reaction step. Suggested structures and the probable transition states have been studied.

Comparison of pharmacokinetics,efficacy and toxicity profile of gemcitabine using two different administration regimens in Chinese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

Objective： To conduct a randomized comparative trial of pharmacokinetics, efficacy and toxicity profile treatment with 1200 mg/m^2 gemcitabine using standard 30-min infusion or fixed dose rate （FDR） infusion [10 mg/（m^2-min）] on days 1 and 8 plus carboplatin AUC （area under curve） 5 on day 1 in Chinese non-small-cell cancer patients. Twelve patients were enrolled in this study. Methods： Plasma gemcitabine concentrations were measured by ion-pair reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. Antitumoral activity and toxicity of gemcitabine was assessed according to World Health Organization criteria. Results： The obtained mean parameters, such as T1/2 （elimination half time）, AUC, and CL （clearance）, were consistent with those reported in literature. Qualified response rate in our study was 33.3% for standard arm and 50% for FDR ann. Additional 50% and 33.3% patients contracted stable disease （SD） in standard arm and FDR arm, respectively. The predominant toxicity was hematologic, and patients in the standard infusion ann experienced consistently more hematologic toxicity, Conclusion： Pharmacokinetic and clinical data in this trial support the continued evaluation of the FDR infusion strategy with gemcitabine.

Delineation of Haigou gold metallogenic province and its metallogenic prospection

Based on the accumulated data for the gold deposits in the central Jilin Province in recent years and our understanding of the gold metallogenic province,the Haigou gold metallogenic province is delineated and the denudation degree of gold deposits in this province is discussed. The potential and the ore-searching direction of the province are also considered. The Haigou gold metallogenic province occurs as an independent province with low denudation degree and high ore-producing potential. Regional fault belts and small basic intrusions are two ore-constrains and could serve as the ore-searching indictors in the province.

Equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic of Cr(VI) adsorption using a modified and unmodified bentonite clay

The capacities of natural and modified Brazilian bentonite samples as adsorbents to remove hexavalent metal chromium were investigated under several conditions in batch and column methods. The raw material, Ca-bentonite, was modified by anchorament of 3-aminopropyltrietoxisilane （APS） and 3,2- aminoethylaminopropyltrimetoxisilane （AEAPS） in the surface of bentonite sample： This type of new occurrence of bentonite is suitable as a raw material for adsorption process. Adsorption behavior of three bentonite types was strongly depending on pH of adsorbate solution, contact time adsorbent/adsorbate, and initial concentration of Cr（VI）. The results were confirmed by column method and reveals that the adsorption process of materials accorded by the Redlich-Peterson, Sips, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and tang- muir isotherm models. The exothermic entbalpic values reflected a favorable energetic process for chro- mium ions anchored in the material surfaces. The negative Gibbs free energy results supported the spontaneity of three adsorption reactions with Cr（VI） ions.

Geochronology,geochemistry and geodynamics implications of Middle Triassic garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranite in central Jilin Province

Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and geochemical analyses are undertaken for the garnet-bear-ing muscovite monzogranite in Yitong area, central Jilin Province. The formation age and petrogenesis of the granite are determined, and the regional tectonic background is discussed. Zircons from the granite are euhe-dral-subhedral in shape, and display fine-scale oscillatory growth zoning, indicating a magmatie origin. LA- ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating result indicates that the garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites formed in the mid-dle Triassic （243 Ma ）. The garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites have high SiO2 （SiO2 = 74.1%- 76.49% ）, rich aluminum （A1203 = 14.47%-14.68% ） and alkali （ NazO ＋ K20 = 4.31%-7.9% ）, low Fe203T and MgO （MgO =0.1%-0. 13% , Fe203T =0.46%-1.02% ）. The ratio of CaO/Na20 is between 0.17--0. 21. The garnet-bearing muscovite monzogranites in Yitong region are relatively enriched in light rare earth elements （LREEs） and large ion lithophile elements （LILEs） , and depleted of heavy rare earth elements （HREEs） and high field strength elements （HFSEs）. They are characterized by high Sr and Ba, poor Rb and Y, and negative Eu abnormally （δEu =0.48-0.62） , with Rb/Sr 〈 1. The εHf（t） values and TDM2 of zircons range from ＋ 6. 10 to ＋ 8.00 and from 725 Ma to 814 Ma, respectively. The above features indicate that gar- net-bearing muscovite monzogranites in Yitong area were derived from partial melting of metasedimentary rock. These granites have high Sr/Y ratios, which suggest they formed in a thickened continental crust. Combined with the coeval granitic rocks in central Jilin Province, we suggested that a significant eollisional and thickening event took place during the Middle Triassic.

Rangeland degradation assessment in Kyrgyzstan:vegetation and soils as indicators of grazing pressure in Naryn Oblast

Rangelands occupy more than 80% of the agricultural land in Kyrgyzstan. At least 30% of Kyrgyz pasture areas are considered to be subject to vegetation and soil degradation. Since animal husbandry is the economic basis to sustain people＇s livelihoods, rangeland degradation presents a threat for the majority of the population. We present for the first time an ecological assessment of different pasture types in a remote area of the Naryn Oblast, using vegetation and softs as indicators of rangeland conditions. We analysed the current degree of utilization （grazing pressure）, the amount of biomass, soil samples, and vegetation data, using cluster analysis as well as ordination techniques. Winter pastures （kyshtoo） are characterized by higher pH values （average of 7.27） and lower organic matter contents （average of 12.83%） compared to summer pastures （dzailoo） with average pH values of 6.03 and average organic matter contents of 21.05%. Additionally, summer pastures show higher above- ground biomass, and higher species richness and diversity. Our results support the hypothesis that winter pastures, which are located near settlements, suffer from over-utilisation, while the more distant summer pastures are subjected to much lower grazing pressure,

Thinning effects on walnut stem and crown diameter growth and fruiting in the walnut-fruit forests of Kyrgyzstan

The walnut-fruit forests （Juglans regia L.） in southern Kyrgyzstan are considered to be biodiversity hotspots and of considerable economic and ecological importance to local populations. The fruiting ability and stability of these forests are, however, decreasing because of infrequent silvicultural interventions and non-existent natural regeneration. Continuous inventories and walnut harvest measurements were carded out on 18 trial and control plots over the course of i3 year. Results showed that i） thinning had a positive influence on diameter at breast height （dbh） increase, ii） dbh growth and crown area increases are strongly and positively correlated, iii） large crowns enhanced the production of fruits, and iv） temperature conditions had a major influence on the production of fruits. The above-mentioned points are particularly relevant for young plantations but are also valid for relatively old plantations （〉 50 years）. We conclude that regular thinning substantially improves diameter growth, fruit production and ability of trees to withstand wind and snow damage in both young stands and in older walnut-fruit forests.

Ecological Footprint and Major Driving Forces in West Jilin Province, Northeast China

The environmental impact caused by local people （ecological footprint of consumption, EFc） and the actual environmental impact that the ecosystem burdens （ecological footprint of production, EFp） in West Jilin Province, Northeast China from 1986 to 2006 were evaluated by using ecological footprint （EF） method. And the major driving forces of EFc and EFp were analyzed by STIRPAT model. Both EFc and EFp showed increasing trends in 1986-2006, accompanied by decreasing ecological deficits but expanding ecological overshoots. Population （P）, GDP per capita （A1）, quadratic term of GDP per capita （A2）, urbanization （Tα1）, and quadratic term of urbanization （Ta2） were important influencing factors of EFc, among which Tα2 and Tα1 were the most dominate driving forces of EFc. A1, A2 and Tα2 were important influencing factors of EFp, among which A2 and A1 were the most dominate driving forces of EFp. In 1986-2006, the classical Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis did not exist between A2 and EF （both EFc and EFp）, but did between Tα2 and EF. The results indicate that enhancing the urbanization process and diversifying economic sources is one of the most effective ways to reduce the environmental impact of West Jilin Province. Moreover, importance should be attached to improve the eco-efficiency of resource exploitation and consumption.

笑声覆盖的村庄

牛跑了今天上午,我们到三小组的艾则孜·依明家走访。突然,一头黑白花牛拖着缰绳迎面跑来。这头牛是吉力力家的,是他家养了两年的公牛。他跟买牛的人商量好,以8900元的价格将其卖掉。牛贩子开着小汽车来拉牛了。可是,谁也没想到,就在上车的瞬间,公牛似乎猛然意识到了什么,奋力挣脱吉力力拉缰绳的手,躲开铁栅栏,掉头朝巷道的一头跑来。

THERMODYNAMIQUE DES ENSEMBLES DE CANTOR AUTOSIMILAIRES （THERMODYNAMICS OF SELF－SIMILAR CANTOR SETS）

A class of metric, compact, and totally disconllected spaces, called self-similar Cantor setsis illtroduced. A self-similar structure is defined to be a graph with weighted edges. Theintroduction of ultrametrics and quasi-isometries gives versatility to this construction. Thermodynamical functions as free energy and elltropy are associated with self-similar structures.Multifractal analysis, based on a 'Large Deviations' inequality and Gibbs measures, leads toa fairly general Hausdoffi dimension theorem.