AIM： To introduce the combination method of radio- chemoembolization for the treatment of selected he- patic metastases. METHODS： Twenty patients with biopsy proven hepat- ic metastases were selected from those who ...AIM： To introduce the combination method of radio- chemoembolization for the treatment of selected he- patic metastases. METHODS： Twenty patients with biopsy proven hepat- ic metastases were selected from those who underwent transarterial radiochemoembolization, a novel combina- tion protocol, between .lanuary 2009 and July 2010. Patients had different sources of liver metastasis. The treatment included transarterial administration of three chemotherapeutic drugs （mitomycin, doxorubicin and cisplatin）, followed by embolization with large （50-150 μm） radioisotope particles of chromic 32R Multiphasic computer tomography or computer tomography stud- ies, with and without contrast medium injections, were performed for all patients for a short-term period before and after the treatment sessions. The short-term effec- tiveness of this procedure was evaluated by modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors （mRECIST）, which also takes necrosis into account. The subjective percentage of necrosis was also assessed. The re- sponse evaluation methods were based on the changes in size, number, and the enhancement patterns of the lesions between the pre- and post-treatment imaging studies. RESULTS： Patients had liver metastasis from colorectal carcinomas, breast cancer, lung cancer and carcinoid tumors. The response rate based on the mRECIST criteria was 5% for complete response, 60% for par- tial response, 10% for stable disease, and 25% for progressive disease. Regarding the subjective necrosis percentage, 5% of patients had complete response, 50% had partial response, 25% had stable disease, and 20% had progressive disease. Based on traditional RECIST criteria, 3 patients （15%） had partial response, 13 patients （65%） had stable disease, and 4 patients （20%） had disease progression. In most patients, colorectal carcinoma was the source of metastasis （13 patients）. Based on the mRECIST criteria, 8 out of these 13 patients had partial responses, while one remained stable, and 5 showed progressive disease. We also had 5 cases of breast cancer metastasis which mostly remained stable （4 cases）, with only one partial response after the procedure. Six patients had bilobar involvement; three of them received two courses of radiochemoembolization. The follow up imaging study of these patients was performed after the second ses- sion. In the studied patients there was no evidence of extrahepatic occurrence, including pulmonary radioac- tive deposition, which was proven by Bremsstrahlung scintigraphy performed after the treatment sessions. For the short-term follow-ups for the 2 mo after the therapy, no treatment related death was reported. The mostly common side effect was post-embolization syndrome, presented as vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Nineteen （95%） patients experienced this syndrome in different severities. Two patient had asci- tes （with pleural effusion in one patient） not related to hepatic failure. Moreover, no cases of acute liver failure, hepatic infarction, hepatic abscess, biliary necrosis, tu- mor rupture, surgical cholecystitis, or non-targeted gut embolization were reported. Systemic toxicities such as alopecia, marrow suppression, renal toxicity, or cardiac failure did not occur in our study group. CONCLUSION： Radiochemoembolization is safe and effective for selected hepatic metastases in a short- term follow-up. Further studies are required to show the long-term effects and possible complications of this approach.展开更多
Silicon isotope analysis traditionally uses a standard-sample bracketing （SSB） method that relies upon greater instrument stability than can be consistently expected. The following proposed method reduces the level ...Silicon isotope analysis traditionally uses a standard-sample bracketing （SSB） method that relies upon greater instrument stability than can be consistently expected. The following proposed method reduces the level of instrumental stability required for the analysis process and provides a valid solution for high-precision and accurate studies of Si isotopic compositions. Rock samples were dissolved by using alkali fusion and acidification. Silicon isotopes were purified with an ion exchange resin. Interfering peaks for isotopes were separated by using a Nu Plasma 1700 multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （MS） system in high-resolution mode （M/AM 〉 8000 RP）. Two magnesium isotopes （25Mg and 26Mg） and three silicon isotopes （28Si, 29Si, and 3;Si） were analyzed in the same data collection cycle. Mg isotopes were used as an internal standard to calibrate the mass discrimination effects in MS analysis of Si isotopes in combination with the SSB method in order to reduce the effects of MS interference and instrumental mass dis- crimination on the accuracy of measurements. The conventional SSB method without the Mg internal standard and the proposed SSB method with Mg calibration delivered consistent results within two standard deviations. When Mg was used as an internal standard for calibration, the analysis precision was better than 0.05 %0 amu.展开更多
文摘AIM： To introduce the combination method of radio- chemoembolization for the treatment of selected he- patic metastases. METHODS： Twenty patients with biopsy proven hepat- ic metastases were selected from those who underwent transarterial radiochemoembolization, a novel combina- tion protocol, between .lanuary 2009 and July 2010. Patients had different sources of liver metastasis. The treatment included transarterial administration of three chemotherapeutic drugs （mitomycin, doxorubicin and cisplatin）, followed by embolization with large （50-150 μm） radioisotope particles of chromic 32R Multiphasic computer tomography or computer tomography stud- ies, with and without contrast medium injections, were performed for all patients for a short-term period before and after the treatment sessions. The short-term effec- tiveness of this procedure was evaluated by modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors （mRECIST）, which also takes necrosis into account. The subjective percentage of necrosis was also assessed. The re- sponse evaluation methods were based on the changes in size, number, and the enhancement patterns of the lesions between the pre- and post-treatment imaging studies. RESULTS： Patients had liver metastasis from colorectal carcinomas, breast cancer, lung cancer and carcinoid tumors. The response rate based on the mRECIST criteria was 5% for complete response, 60% for par- tial response, 10% for stable disease, and 25% for progressive disease. Regarding the subjective necrosis percentage, 5% of patients had complete response, 50% had partial response, 25% had stable disease, and 20% had progressive disease. Based on traditional RECIST criteria, 3 patients （15%） had partial response, 13 patients （65%） had stable disease, and 4 patients （20%） had disease progression. In most patients, colorectal carcinoma was the source of metastasis （13 patients）. Based on the mRECIST criteria, 8 out of these 13 patients had partial responses, while one remained stable, and 5 showed progressive disease. We also had 5 cases of breast cancer metastasis which mostly remained stable （4 cases）, with only one partial response after the procedure. Six patients had bilobar involvement; three of them received two courses of radiochemoembolization. The follow up imaging study of these patients was performed after the second ses- sion. In the studied patients there was no evidence of extrahepatic occurrence, including pulmonary radioac- tive deposition, which was proven by Bremsstrahlung scintigraphy performed after the treatment sessions. For the short-term follow-ups for the 2 mo after the therapy, no treatment related death was reported. The mostly common side effect was post-embolization syndrome, presented as vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Nineteen （95%） patients experienced this syndrome in different severities. Two patient had asci- tes （with pleural effusion in one patient） not related to hepatic failure. Moreover, no cases of acute liver failure, hepatic infarction, hepatic abscess, biliary necrosis, tu- mor rupture, surgical cholecystitis, or non-targeted gut embolization were reported. Systemic toxicities such as alopecia, marrow suppression, renal toxicity, or cardiac failure did not occur in our study group. CONCLUSION： Radiochemoembolization is safe and effective for selected hepatic metastases in a short- term follow-up. Further studies are required to show the long-term effects and possible complications of this approach.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41427804,41421002,41373004)Beijing SHRIMP Center Open Foundation,and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(Grant No.IRT1281)the MOST Research Foundation from the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics(BJ08132-1)
文摘Silicon isotope analysis traditionally uses a standard-sample bracketing （SSB） method that relies upon greater instrument stability than can be consistently expected. The following proposed method reduces the level of instrumental stability required for the analysis process and provides a valid solution for high-precision and accurate studies of Si isotopic compositions. Rock samples were dissolved by using alkali fusion and acidification. Silicon isotopes were purified with an ion exchange resin. Interfering peaks for isotopes were separated by using a Nu Plasma 1700 multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （MS） system in high-resolution mode （M/AM 〉 8000 RP）. Two magnesium isotopes （25Mg and 26Mg） and three silicon isotopes （28Si, 29Si, and 3;Si） were analyzed in the same data collection cycle. Mg isotopes were used as an internal standard to calibrate the mass discrimination effects in MS analysis of Si isotopes in combination with the SSB method in order to reduce the effects of MS interference and instrumental mass dis- crimination on the accuracy of measurements. The conventional SSB method without the Mg internal standard and the proposed SSB method with Mg calibration delivered consistent results within two standard deviations. When Mg was used as an internal standard for calibration, the analysis precision was better than 0.05 %0 amu.
