Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneous electrical activities of olfactory bulb in Bufo gargarizans during postembryonic development. [Method] Microe...Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneous electrical activities of olfactory bulb in Bufo gargarizans during postembryonic development. [Method] Microelectrode technique was used to record extracellular spontaneous electrical activities of olfactory bulb in B. gar-garizans. [Result] Along with the development of olfactory bulb, the discharge types increased gradual y. Single spontaneous firing enhanced gradual y and it reached the maximum in the metamorphosis phase. The intensity of consecutive single sponta-neous firing changed slightly at the middle of post-embryonic development, but it was stil higher than in the early phase and the adult phase. Consecutive burst spontaneous firing frequency went down over time. [Conclusion] Along with the de-velopment of olfactory bulb, the neuronal excitability increases step by step and the neuronal electrical activities diversify gradualy.展开更多
Background Severely calcified coronary lesions respond poorly to balloon angioplasty, resulting in incomplete and asymmetrical stent expansion. Therefore, adequate plaque modification prior to drug-eluting stent （DES...Background Severely calcified coronary lesions respond poorly to balloon angioplasty, resulting in incomplete and asymmetrical stent expansion. Therefore, adequate plaque modification prior to drug-eluting stent （DES） implantation is the key for calcified lesion treat- ment. This study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cutting balloon angioplasty for severely calcified coronary lesions. Methods Ninety-two consecutive patients with severely calcified lesions （defined as calcium arc 〉 180% calcium length ratio 〉 0.5） treated with bal- loon dilatation before DES implantation were randomly divided into two groups based on the balloon type： 45 patients in the conventional balloon angioplasty （BA） group and 47 patients in the cutting balloon angioplasty （CB） group. Seven cases in BA group did not satisfactorily achieve dilatation and were transferred into the CB group. Intravascular ultrasound （IVUS） was performed before balloon dilatation and after stent implantation to obtain qualitative and quantitative lesion characteristics and evaluate the stent, including minimum lumen cross-sectional area （CSA）, calcified arc and length, minimum stent CSA, stent apposition, stent symmetry, stent expansion, vessel dissection, and branch vessel jail. In-hospital, 1-month, and 6-month major adverse cardiac events （MACE） were reported. Results There were no statistical differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups, including calcium arc （222.2° ± 22.2° vs. 235.0° ± 22.1 °, p=0.570）, calcium length ratio （0.67 ± 0.06 vs. 0.77± 0.05, P = 0.130）, and minimum lumen CSA before PCI （2.59 ±0.08 mm2 vs. 2.52 ± 0.08 mm2, P = 0.550）. After stent implantation, the final minimum stent CSA （6.26 ± 0.40 mm2 vs. 5.03 ± 0.33 mm2; P = 0.031） and acute lumen gain （3.74 ±0.38 mm2 w. 2.44 ± 0.29 mm2, P = 0.015） were significantly larger ila the CB group than that of the BA group. There were not statis tically differences in stent expansion, stent symmetry, incomplete stent apposition, vessel dissection and branch vessel jail between two groups. The 30-day and 6-month MACE rates were also not different. Conclusions Cutting balloon angioplasty before DES implantation in severely calcified lesions appears to be more efficacies including significantly larger final stent CSA and larger acute lumen gain, without increasing complications during operations and the MACE rate in 6-month.展开更多
<Abstract>This paper reports the seasonal feature of the relationship between ENSO and the stratospheric Polar Vortex Oscillation (PVO) variability in the Northern Hemisphere.It is shown that the lagged ENSO-PVO...<Abstract>This paper reports the seasonal feature of the relationship between ENSO and the stratospheric Polar Vortex Oscillation (PVO) variability in the Northern Hemisphere.It is shown that the lagged ENSO-PVO coupling relationship exhibits distinct seasonal feature,due to the strong seasonality of PVO and ENSO.Specifically,the PVO variability not only during winter,but also in autumn and spring months,is significantly correlated with ENSO anomalies leading by seasons;however,no significant effect of ENSO is found on the PVO variability in winter months of November and February.Although a significant ENSO effect is primarily observed when ENSO leads PVO by about one year,a significant correlation is also found between PVO in the following spring months (M +1 A +1) and ENSO anomalies in the previous autumn (A-1 S-1 O- 1 N -1) when ENSO anomalies lead by about 18 months.The significant correlation between PVO in various seasons and the corresponding ENSO anomalies leading by seasons could be explicitly verified in most of the individual years,confirming that the lagged ENSO effect can largely modulate the seasonal timescale variability of PVO.Moreover,the composite spatial patterns of the zonal-mean temperature anomalies further show that the ENSO effect on the PVO in various seasons is related to the interannual variability of the seasonal timescale PVO events.展开更多
The experiment was performed to evaluate the progenies of plant lines transgenic for auxin synthesis genes derived from Ri T-DNA. Four lines of the transgenic plants were selfcrossed and the foreign auxin genes in pla...The experiment was performed to evaluate the progenies of plant lines transgenic for auxin synthesis genes derived from Ri T-DNA. Four lines of the transgenic plants were selfcrossed and the foreign auxin genes in plants of T5 generation were confirmed by Southern hybridization. Two lines, D1232 and D1653, showed earlier folding of expanding leaves than untransformed line and therefore had early initiation of leaf y head. Leaf cuttings derived from plant of transgenic line D1653 produced more adventitious roots than the control whereas the cuttings from folding leaves had much more roots than rosette leaves at folding stage, and the cuttings from head leaves had more roots than rosette leaves at heading stage. It is demonstrated that early folding of transgenic leaf may be caused by the relatively higher concentration of auxin. These plant lines with auxin transgenes can be used for the study of hormonal regulation in differentiation and development of plant organs nd for the breeding of new varietywith rapid growth trait.展开更多
The year 2014 was a tipping point for the Barack Obama Administration--that was the year when it strove to forge a legacy of the Obarna era but came up against challenges arising from major changes that were taking pl...The year 2014 was a tipping point for the Barack Obama Administration--that was the year when it strove to forge a legacy of the Obarna era but came up against challenges arising from major changes that were taking place internationally and domestically. The Administration was then focused on maintaining a fragile balance between creating this legacy and responding to these challenges. Obama stuck to his fundamental principles when dealing with overseas affairs, but he also came up with new responses. The dynamic balance struck between these two formed the basis of the global strategy of the late-term Obama Administration. The Administration＇s focus at this time highlights the dilemma it faced in forging a legacy. Further, the foreign policy of Obama and Trump are actually not so different; they both supported some degree of isolationism with a focus on domestic issues.展开更多
TS-2 microspheres,consisting of intergrown primary nanocrystals,was prepared by controlling the synthetic parameters.The effects of the amount of quaternary ammonium cations as structure-directing agent,H2O/Si ratio,t...TS-2 microspheres,consisting of intergrown primary nanocrystals,was prepared by controlling the synthetic parameters.The effects of the amount of quaternary ammonium cations as structure-directing agent,H2O/Si ratio,the presence of alcohol and the temperature were carefully investigated on the crystallization process.The high alkalinity was proved to be highly important for the preservation of the microsphere morphology initially formed,due to the unique intergrown stacking style.An alkali treatment with the aqueous solution of structure-directing agent,organic amine and ammonium salt and subsequent Na+ion-exchange were performed to enhance the catalytic activity of TS-2 microsphere in the cyclohexanone ammoximation reactions,with both the conversion and selectivity higher than 99%.In the continuous reaction,the TS-2 microspheres exhibited to be durable catalyst with potential application in industrial ammoximation processes.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is associated with multifarious extra-hepatic manifestations;the most described and discussed being mixed cryoglob-ulinemia which is strongly related to B-cell lympho-prolifera...Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is associated with multifarious extra-hepatic manifestations;the most described and discussed being mixed cryoglob-ulinemia which is strongly related to B-cell lympho-proliferative disorders(LPDs).We present a case of chronic HCV infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia,with minimal liver involvement.The case is a 53-year-old patient who was diagnosed as having bone marrow hypoplasia at the age of three.She received several blood transfusions to normalize her haemoglobin.At the age of 31,she was diagnosed with rheumatoid ar-thritis on account of her diffuse joint pain and inflam-mation,elevated rheumatoid factor(RF) and Raynaud's phenomenon.Twenty years later,monoclonal gam-mopathy of IgG Lambda(one year later,changed to IgM Kappa) was detected during a routine examina-tion.A bone marrow biopsy showed hypoplasia,Kappa positive B-lymphocytes and low-grade malignant lym-phoma cells.PCR of the bone marrow aspirate was not contributory.No treatment was initiated owing to herpoor bone marrow function and she is under regular follow-up.展开更多
This paper explores the critical regionalism which could play a role in the continued development of global era Polish architecture, and the advancements achieved by those few contemporary Polish architects who have s...This paper explores the critical regionalism which could play a role in the continued development of global era Polish architecture, and the advancements achieved by those few contemporary Polish architects who have sought to combine modern tastes and techniques with culturally meaningful designs. The new culture of Poland is very much reflected in the design of many of its new buildings that have been completed since the political and economic changes in 1989. The architecture of Poland appears to have lurched from an inappropriate socialist modernism that was so horridly imposed during the communist era to an equally inappropriate post modernist hegemony in the new enterprise culture. In accordance with Poland, now is rejection of the centrally imposed system of building and architecture, and with the greater emphasis on individual initiative in the new culture, it seems a pity that the country should automatically adopt western modes of architectural expression. This paper suggests that with its newly founded freedom, Poland should be careful that it does not suffer a loss of identity and that, in its architecture, it should seek a way forward through a critical regionalism.展开更多
Collecting 44 oil-sand specimens of Pu-I Member in two inspection wells before and after polymer flooding in the thirteenth district of Xingshugang oilfield,with experimental analysis,the author obtained the data abou...Collecting 44 oil-sand specimens of Pu-I Member in two inspection wells before and after polymer flooding in the thirteenth district of Xingshugang oilfield,with experimental analysis,the author obtained the data about oil viscosity,flow,oil saturation and oil displacement efficiency.The result shows that viscous oil predominates in the main remaining oil in Xingshugang oilfield after water flooding with a certain amount of low viscosity oil,high viscosity oil and heavy oil;after polymer flooding,the viscous oil is main ingredient.Compared with water flooding,the low mobility and poor oil can be spread by polymer flooding,expanding the affected area and improving sweep efficiency and oil recovery.The geochemical affecting factors of water flooding and oil displacement efficiency refer to reservoir flow,permeability and the viscosity of residual oil.In the reservoir with permeability from low to high,the polymer flooding efficiency is better than water flooding.It provides the basis for improving the water and polymer flooding efficiency of the Xingshugang oilfield.展开更多
基金Supported by grants from the Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(2011196)the Experimental Center Director Fund of Shenyang Normal University(sy201003)~~
文摘Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of spontaneous electrical activities of olfactory bulb in Bufo gargarizans during postembryonic development. [Method] Microelectrode technique was used to record extracellular spontaneous electrical activities of olfactory bulb in B. gar-garizans. [Result] Along with the development of olfactory bulb, the discharge types increased gradual y. Single spontaneous firing enhanced gradual y and it reached the maximum in the metamorphosis phase. The intensity of consecutive single sponta-neous firing changed slightly at the middle of post-embryonic development, but it was stil higher than in the early phase and the adult phase. Consecutive burst spontaneous firing frequency went down over time. [Conclusion] Along with the de-velopment of olfactory bulb, the neuronal excitability increases step by step and the neuronal electrical activities diversify gradualy.
文摘Background Severely calcified coronary lesions respond poorly to balloon angioplasty, resulting in incomplete and asymmetrical stent expansion. Therefore, adequate plaque modification prior to drug-eluting stent （DES） implantation is the key for calcified lesion treat- ment. This study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cutting balloon angioplasty for severely calcified coronary lesions. Methods Ninety-two consecutive patients with severely calcified lesions （defined as calcium arc 〉 180% calcium length ratio 〉 0.5） treated with bal- loon dilatation before DES implantation were randomly divided into two groups based on the balloon type： 45 patients in the conventional balloon angioplasty （BA） group and 47 patients in the cutting balloon angioplasty （CB） group. Seven cases in BA group did not satisfactorily achieve dilatation and were transferred into the CB group. Intravascular ultrasound （IVUS） was performed before balloon dilatation and after stent implantation to obtain qualitative and quantitative lesion characteristics and evaluate the stent, including minimum lumen cross-sectional area （CSA）, calcified arc and length, minimum stent CSA, stent apposition, stent symmetry, stent expansion, vessel dissection, and branch vessel jail. In-hospital, 1-month, and 6-month major adverse cardiac events （MACE） were reported. Results There were no statistical differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups, including calcium arc （222.2° ± 22.2° vs. 235.0° ± 22.1 °, p=0.570）, calcium length ratio （0.67 ± 0.06 vs. 0.77± 0.05, P = 0.130）, and minimum lumen CSA before PCI （2.59 ±0.08 mm2 vs. 2.52 ± 0.08 mm2, P = 0.550）. After stent implantation, the final minimum stent CSA （6.26 ± 0.40 mm2 vs. 5.03 ± 0.33 mm2; P = 0.031） and acute lumen gain （3.74 ±0.38 mm2 w. 2.44 ± 0.29 mm2, P = 0.015） were significantly larger ila the CB group than that of the BA group. There were not statis tically differences in stent expansion, stent symmetry, incomplete stent apposition, vessel dissection and branch vessel jail between two groups. The 30-day and 6-month MACE rates were also not different. Conclusions Cutting balloon angioplasty before DES implantation in severely calcified lesions appears to be more efficacies including significantly larger final stent CSA and larger acute lumen gain, without increasing complications during operations and the MACE rate in 6-month.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grants 2010CB428603and2010CB950400100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant KZCX2-YW-BR-14
文摘<Abstract>This paper reports the seasonal feature of the relationship between ENSO and the stratospheric Polar Vortex Oscillation (PVO) variability in the Northern Hemisphere.It is shown that the lagged ENSO-PVO coupling relationship exhibits distinct seasonal feature,due to the strong seasonality of PVO and ENSO.Specifically,the PVO variability not only during winter,but also in autumn and spring months,is significantly correlated with ENSO anomalies leading by seasons;however,no significant effect of ENSO is found on the PVO variability in winter months of November and February.Although a significant ENSO effect is primarily observed when ENSO leads PVO by about one year,a significant correlation is also found between PVO in the following spring months (M +1 A +1) and ENSO anomalies in the previous autumn (A-1 S-1 O- 1 N -1) when ENSO anomalies lead by about 18 months.The significant correlation between PVO in various seasons and the corresponding ENSO anomalies leading by seasons could be explicitly verified in most of the individual years,confirming that the lagged ENSO effect can largely modulate the seasonal timescale variability of PVO.Moreover,the composite spatial patterns of the zonal-mean temperature anomalies further show that the ENSO effect on the PVO in various seasons is related to the interannual variability of the seasonal timescale PVO events.
文摘The experiment was performed to evaluate the progenies of plant lines transgenic for auxin synthesis genes derived from Ri T-DNA. Four lines of the transgenic plants were selfcrossed and the foreign auxin genes in plants of T5 generation were confirmed by Southern hybridization. Two lines, D1232 and D1653, showed earlier folding of expanding leaves than untransformed line and therefore had early initiation of leaf y head. Leaf cuttings derived from plant of transgenic line D1653 produced more adventitious roots than the control whereas the cuttings from folding leaves had much more roots than rosette leaves at folding stage, and the cuttings from head leaves had more roots than rosette leaves at heading stage. It is demonstrated that early folding of transgenic leaf may be caused by the relatively higher concentration of auxin. These plant lines with auxin transgenes can be used for the study of hormonal regulation in differentiation and development of plant organs nd for the breeding of new varietywith rapid growth trait.
文摘The year 2014 was a tipping point for the Barack Obama Administration--that was the year when it strove to forge a legacy of the Obarna era but came up against challenges arising from major changes that were taking place internationally and domestically. The Administration was then focused on maintaining a fragile balance between creating this legacy and responding to these challenges. Obama stuck to his fundamental principles when dealing with overseas affairs, but he also came up with new responses. The dynamic balance struck between these two formed the basis of the global strategy of the late-term Obama Administration. The Administration＇s focus at this time highlights the dilemma it faced in forging a legacy. Further, the foreign policy of Obama and Trump are actually not so different; they both supported some degree of isolationism with a focus on domestic issues.
文摘TS-2 microspheres,consisting of intergrown primary nanocrystals,was prepared by controlling the synthetic parameters.The effects of the amount of quaternary ammonium cations as structure-directing agent,H2O/Si ratio,the presence of alcohol and the temperature were carefully investigated on the crystallization process.The high alkalinity was proved to be highly important for the preservation of the microsphere morphology initially formed,due to the unique intergrown stacking style.An alkali treatment with the aqueous solution of structure-directing agent,organic amine and ammonium salt and subsequent Na+ion-exchange were performed to enhance the catalytic activity of TS-2 microsphere in the cyclohexanone ammoximation reactions,with both the conversion and selectivity higher than 99%.In the continuous reaction,the TS-2 microspheres exhibited to be durable catalyst with potential application in industrial ammoximation processes.
文摘Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is associated with multifarious extra-hepatic manifestations;the most described and discussed being mixed cryoglob-ulinemia which is strongly related to B-cell lympho-proliferative disorders(LPDs).We present a case of chronic HCV infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia,with minimal liver involvement.The case is a 53-year-old patient who was diagnosed as having bone marrow hypoplasia at the age of three.She received several blood transfusions to normalize her haemoglobin.At the age of 31,she was diagnosed with rheumatoid ar-thritis on account of her diffuse joint pain and inflam-mation,elevated rheumatoid factor(RF) and Raynaud's phenomenon.Twenty years later,monoclonal gam-mopathy of IgG Lambda(one year later,changed to IgM Kappa) was detected during a routine examina-tion.A bone marrow biopsy showed hypoplasia,Kappa positive B-lymphocytes and low-grade malignant lym-phoma cells.PCR of the bone marrow aspirate was not contributory.No treatment was initiated owing to herpoor bone marrow function and she is under regular follow-up.
文摘This paper explores the critical regionalism which could play a role in the continued development of global era Polish architecture, and the advancements achieved by those few contemporary Polish architects who have sought to combine modern tastes and techniques with culturally meaningful designs. The new culture of Poland is very much reflected in the design of many of its new buildings that have been completed since the political and economic changes in 1989. The architecture of Poland appears to have lurched from an inappropriate socialist modernism that was so horridly imposed during the communist era to an equally inappropriate post modernist hegemony in the new enterprise culture. In accordance with Poland, now is rejection of the centrally imposed system of building and architecture, and with the greater emphasis on individual initiative in the new culture, it seems a pity that the country should automatically adopt western modes of architectural expression. This paper suggests that with its newly founded freedom, Poland should be careful that it does not suffer a loss of identity and that, in its architecture, it should seek a way forward through a critical regionalism.
文摘Collecting 44 oil-sand specimens of Pu-I Member in two inspection wells before and after polymer flooding in the thirteenth district of Xingshugang oilfield,with experimental analysis,the author obtained the data about oil viscosity,flow,oil saturation and oil displacement efficiency.The result shows that viscous oil predominates in the main remaining oil in Xingshugang oilfield after water flooding with a certain amount of low viscosity oil,high viscosity oil and heavy oil;after polymer flooding,the viscous oil is main ingredient.Compared with water flooding,the low mobility and poor oil can be spread by polymer flooding,expanding the affected area and improving sweep efficiency and oil recovery.The geochemical affecting factors of water flooding and oil displacement efficiency refer to reservoir flow,permeability and the viscosity of residual oil.In the reservoir with permeability from low to high,the polymer flooding efficiency is better than water flooding.It provides the basis for improving the water and polymer flooding efficiency of the Xingshugang oilfield.
