3D-Slicer软件在脑膜瘤患者发生术后瘤周水肿加重评估中的应用价值

目的探讨3D-Slicer软件在脑膜瘤患者发生术后瘤周水肿(PTBE)加重评估中的应用价值。方法回顾性选取2020年10月至2022年6月于郑州大学第二附属医院神经外科接受手术治疗的脑膜瘤患者129例,将发生术后PTBE加重的患者作为术后PTBE加重组(n=37),其余患者作为无术后PTBE加重组(n=92)。比较两组年龄、性别、术前水肿指数(EI)、肿瘤体积、Ki-67、术中引流静脉受损情况、肿瘤良恶性情况、癫痫发作情况。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的影响因素。采用ROC曲线评估术前EI和肿瘤体积对脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的预测价值。结果术后PTBE加重组术前EI低于无术后PTBE加重组,肿瘤体积大于无术后PTBE加重组,Ki-67、术中引流静脉受损者占比高于无术后PTBE加重组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术前EI升高、肿瘤体积增大、Ki-67升高是脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的危险因素,术中引流静脉未受损是脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,术前EI及肿瘤体积预测脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的AUC分别为0.83〔95%CI(0.77,0.90)〕、0.80〔95%CI(0.73,0.88)〕,最佳截断值分别为123%、24.5 cm^(3),灵敏度分别为83.8%、75.7%,特异度分别为73.9%、65.2%。结论术前EI升高、肿瘤体积增大、Ki-67升高是脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的危险因素,而术中引流静脉未受损是脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重的保护因素,且术前EI及肿瘤体积对脑膜瘤患者发生术后PTBE加重有较好的预测价值。未来可借助3D-Slicer软件评估脑膜瘤患者术前EI及肿瘤体积以预测术后PTBE加重发生风险,进而对患者进行个体化干预。

血管内皮生长因子、细胞周期相关核抗原Ki-67抗体和p53表达水平与脑膜瘤术后瘤周水肿的相关性研究

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)、细胞周期相关核抗原Ki-67抗体和p53的表达水平对脑膜瘤术后瘤周水肿(Pedtumoral brain edema, PTBE)的影响。方法选取2007年1月-2016年7月于本院就诊的脑膜瘤手术患者159例,采用免疫组化检测VEGF,Ki-67抗体和p53在159例脑膜瘤患者中的表达,应用磁共振成像(Magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)检查确定PTBE程度,其中术后无脑膜瘤瘤周水肿70例,术后有脑膜瘤瘤周水肿89例,比较无水肿(no Edema)组和水肿(Edema)组患者的基线资料、VEGF,Ki-67抗体和p53水平的差异,分析三者与脑膜瘤术后瘤周水肿的关系以及对预后的影响。结果 PTBE与患者性别、年龄、BMI、高血压病、糖尿病和术前癫痫无关;与术前瘤周水肿、肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径(cm)、肿瘤形状、肿瘤边界、肿瘤分型、Simpson分级、世界卫生组织(World health organization, WHO)分级、VEGF,Ki-67抗体和p53表达水平有密切关系(P<0.05);其中,近窦型脑膜瘤、肿瘤直径≥5 cm、蘑菇状脑膜瘤、肿瘤边界不清、内皮型脑膜瘤、Simpson分级、WHO分级以及VEGF,p53和Ki-67抗体高表达均为影响PTBE预后的关键风险因素,术前瘤周水肿是保护因素(P<0.05);随着PTBE的病情严重程度增加,VEGF,p53和Ki-67抗体的表达均显著上调(P<0.05);在PTBE发生发展中三者均高表达且互为显著正相关;VEGF,p53和Ki-67抗体阳性患者的3年生存率均显著低于阴性患者(P<0.05)。结论脑膜瘤术后PTBE与一般临床特征、手术切除及肿瘤特征等有关外,与VEGF,Ki-67抗体和p53表达水平也有密切联系。VEGF、Ki-67抗体和p53在脑膜瘤术后瘤周水肿区均高表达且互为显著正相关,可能是导致患者预后不良的关键风险因素。

牛瘤胃积食的中西医治疗措施

瘤胃积食多发生于牛,羊和骆驼等草食动物也常有发生,本病也称作急性瘤胃扩张,中兽医也称为＂宿草不转＂。1发病机制由于瘤胃内过多的膨胀的饲料迫使胃壁扩张,并压迫胃壁神经,致使瘤胃运动短时间内增强,甚至呈痉挛性收缩,病牛表现不安、回顾腹部、踢腹、呻吟等腹痛症候;随后瘤胃运动减弱,进而轻度或者完全麻痹．使瘤胃内容物运转缓慢或者停止．造成积食。

Prognositic value of anoikis and tumor immune microenvironment-related gene in the treatment of osteosarcoma

Objective:Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive primary malignant bone tumor commonly seen in children and adolescents,with a poor prognosis.Anchorage-dependent cell death(anoikis)has been proven to be indispensable in tumor metastasis,regulating the migration and adhesion of tumor cells at the primary site.However,as a type of programmed cell death,anoikis is rarely studied in osteosarcoma,especially in the tumor immune microenvironment.This study aims to clarify prognostic value of anoikis and tumor immune microenvironment-related gene in the treatment of osteosarcoma.Methods:Anoikis-related genes(ANRGs)were obtained from GeneCards.Clinical information and ANRGs expression profiles of osteosarcoma patients were sourced from the therapeutically applicable research to generate effective therapies and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.ANRGs highly associated with tumor immune microenvironment were identified by the estimate package and the weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA)algorithm.Machine learning algorithms were performed to construct long-term survival predictive strategy,each sample was divided into high-risk and low-risk subgroups,which was further verified in the GEO cohort.Finally,based on single-cell RNA-seq from the GEO database,analysis was done on the function of signature genes in the osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment.Results:A total of 51 hub ANRGs closely associated with the tumor microenvironment were identified,from which 3 genes(MERTK,BNIP3,S100A8)were selected to construct the prognostic model.Significant differences in immune cell activation and immune-related signaling pathways were observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups based on tumor microenvironment analysis(all P<0.05).Additionally,characteristic genes within the osteosarcoma microenvironment were identified in regulation of intercellular crosstalk through the GAS6-MERTK signaling pathway.Conclusion:The prognostic model based on ANRGs and tumor microenvironment demonstrate good predictive power and provide more personalized treatment options for patients with osteosarcoma.

外科治疗腹膜后神经鞘瘤21例体会

原发性腹膜后神经鞘瘤少见,国内外文献大组报告甚少。我院1959年至1988年共手术治疗21例,报告如下。临床资料21例中,男12例(31～63岁),女9例(18～60岁)。有19例以腹部肿块为主征就诊。肿瘤部位:上腹部3例,中腹部12例(脊柱左8例,右4例),下腹部6例(右髂窝3例、左髂窝1例,骶骨前2例)。

A Prognostic Model Based on Colony Stimulating Factors-related Genes in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis,and lacks effective therapeutic targets.Colony stimulating factors(CSFs)are cytokines that can regulate the production of blood cells and stimulate the growth and development of immune cells,playing an important role in the malignant progression of TNBC.This article aims to construct a novel prognostic model based on the expression of colony stimulating factors-related genes(CRGs),and analyze the sensitivity of TNBC patients to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Methods We downloaded CRGs from public databases and screened for differentially expressed CRGs between normal and TNBC tissues in the TCGA-BRCA database.Through LASSO Cox regression analysis,we constructed a prognostic model and stratified TNBC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the colony stimulating factors-related genes risk score(CRRS).We further analyzed the correlation between CRRS and patient prognosis,clinical features,tumor microenvironment(TME)in both high-risk and low-risk groups,and evaluated the relationship between CRRS and sensitivity to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Results We identified 842 differentially expressed CRGs in breast cancer tissues of TNBC patients and selected 13 CRGs for constructing the prognostic model.Kaplan-Meier survival curves,time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves,and other analyses confirmed that TNBC patients with high CRRS had shorter overall survival,and the predictive ability of CRRS prognostic model was further validated using the GEO dataset.Nomogram combining clinical features confirmed that CRRS was an independent factor for the prognosis of TNBC patients.Moreover,patients in the high-risk group had lower levels of immune infiltration in the TME and were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil,ipatasertib,and paclitaxel.Conclusion We have developed a CRRS-based prognostic model composed of 13 differentially expressed CRGs,which may serve as a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of TNBC patients and guiding clinical treatment.Moreover,the key genes within this model may represent potential molecular targets for future therapies of TNBC.

怎样防治子宫肌瘤

子宫肌瘤是女性生殖器官最常见的良性肿瘤之一,在30～50岁的女性中有极高的发病率。子宫肌瘤是一种依赖于雌激素生长的肿瘤,女性在妊娠、服用雌激素等情况下其体内的瘤体会明显生长,在绝经后瘤体则可逐渐缩小。在临床上,早期子宫肌瘤患者往往没有自觉症状。

用消痔灵治疗海绵状血管瘤及毛细血管瘤

用消痔灵治疗海绵状血管瘤及毛细血管瘤贾丙辛，张贯峰（河南省偃师市人民医院外科４７１９００）我院用消痔灵治疗痔疮，本人从中得到启发，用于治疗血管瘤，得到了满意的效果。从１９８４～１９９２年共治疗５８例。其中海绵状血管瘤３９例，毛细血管瘤１９例。年龄最小...

Relationship Between Histopathology and Clinical Prognosis of Invasive Pituitary Adenoma

Objective: To study the relationship between histopathology and clinical prognosis of invasive pituitary adenoma subjected to transsphenoidal surgery. Methods: The enrolled were 82 patients with invasive pituitary adenomas undergoing transsphenoidal surgery during Jan. 2000 - May 2003 in our department with full MR imaging findings, pathology data and follow-up information. The follow-up duration was 5-30 months. Results: MR imaging findings of invasive pituitary adenoma included: depression of the sellar floor, involvement of sphenoid sinus and cavernous sinus, breakthrough of diaphragma sellae, encasement of internal carotid artery, etc. Pathological examination revealed that the invasion rate of dura in sella turcica was the highest among the structures around tumor. Pituitary adenoma apoplexy was found in 20 cases (24.4%). The total removal rate for PRL-secreting adenomas was significantly lower than that for non-secreting adenomas (P<0.01), but non-, GH-, ACTH-secreting adenomas had no significant differences. The recurrence rate of PRL-secreting adenomas was higher than that of non- and GH-secreting adenomas (P<0.05). Conclusion: Among invasive pituitary adenomas, the therapeutic effects of non-and GH-secreting pituitary adenomas are better than that of PRL-secreting adenomas. Invasive biological behaviors of invasive pituitary adenomas result in radical operation failure and postoperative recurrence.

Clinical Experience of Primary Retroperitoneal Tumor: Report of 600 Cases

Objective： To summarize the experience of management for primary retroperitoneal tumor （PRPT） and to analyze the factors influencing the outcome after operation. Methods： The data of 600 cases of PRPT in General Hospital of PLA were reviewed retrospectively. Results： Of 600 cases of PRPT, 546 were surgically treated. Among theme 369 were malignant and 177 benign. 366 cases were followed up for 1 month to 15 years. The 1-years 3-year, and 5-year survival rate in the patients subject to complete resection was 90.5%, 73.2% and 53.6%, respectively, and that in incomplete resection patients was 70.6%, 32.0%, 5.7% respectively （P〈0.01）. The Cox multi-various regression analysis revealed showed completeness of tumor resection, sex and histologic type were associated closely with local recurrence. Conclusion： Sufficient preoperative preparation and complete tumor resection play important roles for reducing recurrence and improving survival.

液氮冷冻治疗眼睑基底细胞癌二例报告

眼睑基底细胞癌以往多以手术及放射治疗为主。我院采用液氮冷冻治愈2例,报告如下: 例1,男,48岁。于1959年发现眼睑缘长一肿物,曾在外院手术切除,2年后复发。1976年4月活检诊断为基底细胞癌,1976年5月在我院门诊采用液氮加压接触冷冻疗法,每次1～3分钟。

Clinical Analysis of 81 Cases of Benign Retroperitoneal Schwannoma

Objective： To analyze the clinical manifestations of retroperitoneal schwannoma in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease. Methods： Between January 1951 and September 2004, 81 patients with retroperitoneal schwannoma were retrospectively analyzed. Results： All cases received operative therapy. Sixty cases （74.1%） received a total resection; 12 cases （14.9%） subtotal resection, and 9 cases （11.1%） exploration. During the surgical operation, a single tumor was found in 77 cases （95.1%）, and multiple tumors in 4 cases （4.9%）. Most of the retroperitoneal schwannomas located beside the spine. The tumor was a fusiform, round or oval mass that was sharply circumscribed and encapsulated. Pathologic results showed all 81 cases were benign schwannoma. In the 4 cases of multiple tumors, 2 （2.5%） were diagnosed as double-primary tumors associated with ascending colon adenocarcinoma and lung squamous-cell cancer. One case recurred postoperatively. Conclusion： Retroperitoneal schwannoma was rare and preoperative diagnosis was difficult. Most of retroperitoneal schwannoma were benign and the surgical treatment was the first choice.

马龟头鳞片上皮癌一例的病理学诊断

笔者在互助实习期间,发现一马龟头长有一瘤体,经病理学诊断为鳞状上皮癌,现报道如下: 病史骟马,十二岁,毛色为黑色,为互助威远镇大寺路四队所有。主诉,自一九八六年三月份见龟头长有一指头大小的瘤体,一直未经治疗。以后瘤体继续向表面生长呈菜花状。高低不平,到一九八六年九至十月份,长到拳大小。这时,在瘤体尖端流血和黄水,流后变干,体积稍缩小,继而又生长到一九八七年四月份又在慢慢增大。

Telomerase Activity in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma with Reference to Clinicopathologic Features

Objective: To study the telomerase activity in human renal cell carcinoma and to evaluate the correlation with the clinicobiologic features of the neogrowth.Methods: The telomerase activity was studied by means of a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) in 32 renal cell carcinoma tissues, 32 normal renal tissues and 32 paracancer tissues and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features of the tumor was evaluated.Results: Telomerase activity was strongly positive in 17, positive in 12 and negative in 3 cases of renal cell carcinoma tissues, the total positive rate being 91%. Telomerase activity was weakly positive (6%) in only 2 out of 32 samples of normal renal cortex tissues and positive in 6 paracancer tissues (19%), the difference was conspicuous (P<0.01).Conclusion: The positive rate of telomerase activity was significantly higher in renal cell carcinoma tissues and might serve as a prognostic marker for estimating the biologic characteristics of renal cell carcinoma.

Significance of the Expression of CyclinD1 and Ki67 Antigen in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Objective: To detect the expression of cyclinD1 and Ki67 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their correlation with the biological behaviors and prognosis. Methods: 56 cases of biopsy specimens of NPC which had been embedded with para?n in 1996 in our hospital were collected and immunostained with cyclinD1 and Ki67 monoclonal antibodies by means of the streptavidin peroxides method. The patients were followed up periodically, and then their biological behaviors and prognosis were statistically analyzed. Results: The percentage of cyclinD1 and Ki67 positive cells in the NPC specimens ranged from 0–54% and 0–31% respectively. The staining was nuclear. Of the 56 cases, 30 cases (56.6%) highly expressed cyclinD1 or Ki67 HPI and 26 cases (46.4%) lowly expressed cyclinD1, while only 16 cases (28.6%) showed Ki67 HPI (high proliferated index) and 40 cases (71.4%) showed Ki67 LPI (low proliferated index). Patients who lowly expressed cyclinD1 or highly expressed Ki67 had a higher radiosensitivity and a better prognosis. Conclusion: CyclinD1 and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining is considered to be useful, not only as an independent factor of radiosensitivity and prognosis respectively, but also as a means of determining the optimum treatment for each individual patient with NPC.

Imaging of the Extra-axial Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions Involving both Middle and Posterior Cranial Fossae: Classification and Diagnosis

Objective: To study the imaging features of extra-axial tumors and tumor-likelesions involving both middle and posterior cranial fossae and to make a classification. Methods:Sixty cases of pathologically confirmed extra-axil tumors and tumor-like lesions involving bothmiddle and posterior cranial fossae were analyzed. They were divided into central and lateral types,the latter of which were subdivided into three types: middle cranial fossae type, posterior cranialfossae type and the over-riding type. The constitution and imaging features of each type wereanalyzed. Results: There were 12 cases of central type, including chordoma (n=5), pituitary adenoma(n=3), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=2), craniopharyn-gioma (n=1) and meningioma (n=l). 48 cases oflateral type including trigeminal nerve tumors (n=14), meningioma (n=12), epidermoid cyst (n=11),dural cavernous hemangioma (n=4), dermoid cyst (n=2), metastasis (n=2), hemangiopericytoma (n=1),paraganglioma of glonius jugular (n=1) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n=1). Each type of the lesionshad its own shape features, some of which were characteristic for some specific tumors. Most of thetumors and tumor-like lesions could be qualitatively diagnosed according to their imagingcharacteristics and the extent of the lesions could be defined definitely. Conclusion: It is helpfulto categorize extra-axial tumors and tumor-like lesions involving both middle and posterior cranialfossae according to their location for qualitative diagnosis and description of the extent of theselesions. It is of great clinical value in providing more precise and thorough imaging informationfor planning therapeutic methods and route of operation.

Effect of Platelet Activation and Endothelial Cell Injury on Malignant Cancer

Objective: To study the effects of platelet activation and endothelial cell injury on the patients with malignant tumor and their prognoses.Methods: Radioimmunity and ELISA methods were employed to detect the TXB2, GMP-140, vWF, cGMP and FN in 78 cases of malignant tumor and 40 healthy control persons.Results: The levels of TXB2, MP-140 and cGMP were increased in intestinal cancer group, lung cancer group and hepatic cancer group, while FN decreased in intestinal cancer and lung cancer group. cGMP was positively related to TXB2, GMP-140, vWF in malignant tumor group. FN was decreased in the group complicated with infection and the group with metastasis, while the other indexes increased. GMP-140, vWF and cGMP was decreased after operation except for the increasing of FN.Conclusion: Activations of platelet and injury of endothelial cells developed in patients with malignant tumor, and both of them affected the metastasis and prognosis of malignant tumor. Key words platelet activation - epithelium injury - malignant tumor - metastasis This work was supported by grants from Guangdong Medical Science foundation (A2000633).

Surgical management of 143 patients with adult primary retroperitoneal tumor

AIM： To analyze the surgical management of adult primary retroperitoneal tumors （APRT） and the factors influencing the outcome after operation. METHODS： Data of 143 cases of APRT from 1990 to 2003 in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Hedical University were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS： A total of 143 cases of APRT were treated surgically. Among them, 122 （85.3%） underwent complete resection, 16 （11.2%） incomplete resection, and 3 （3%） surgical biopsies. Twenty-nine （20.2%） underwent tumor resection plus multiple organ resections. Ninety-five malignant cases were followed up for 1 mo to 5 years. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates of the patients subject to complete resection was 94.9%, 76.6% and 34.3% and that of patients with incomplete resection was 80.4%, 6.7%, and 0%, respectively （P 〈 0.001）. The Cox multi-various regression analysis showed the completeness of tumor, sex and histological type were associated closely with local recurrence. CONCLUSION： Sufficient preoperative preparation and complete tumor resection play important roles in redudng recurrence and improving survival.

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in gastric cancer and its relation to liver metastasis and long-term prognosis

AIM: To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in gastric cancer and its relation with the liver metastasis and prognosis.METHODS: Expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein was examined in gastric cancer and its paired substantial normal tissue by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.The relation between COX-2 expression and prognosis was investigated in 195 cases.RESULTS: The expression of COX-2 mRNA in gastric cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue in 47 cases (w= 792, P＜0.01). The COX-2 mRNA in pT3-4 tissue expressed higher than that in pT1-2tissue (w = 204, P＜0.05). The positive expression rate of COX-2 protein was 57.9% (113/195). The COX-2expression was significantly related to histological type,lymphnode metastasis, venous invasion and liver metastasis (P＜0.05). No relation was found between COX-2 expression and invasion depth, peritoneal metastasis and International Union against Cancer TNMstage. The multiple regression analysis showed that the COX-2 expression and venous invasion were obviously associated with liver metastasis (P＜0.05). However,there was no significant correlation between COX-2immunoreactivity and prognosis.CONCLUSION: COX-2 may play an important role in the development of gastric cancer, and the over-expression of COX-2 protein may be a high risk factor for liver metastasis.