The Impact of Catastrophic Natural Disaster on Land-Use Changes of Qingping Town and the Selection of Suitable Land for Settlement Construction

A Ms 8.0 large earthquake occurred in Sichuan,China on May 12,2008（hereafter called 5.12 Earthquake）,and then a large debris flow happened in the quake-hit Qingping Township of Mianzhu county on August 13,2008（hereafter called 8.13 Debris Flow）.The influence of two disasters on the changes in land use were analyzed by using highresolution aerial photos and satellite remote sensing images taken before and after the 5.12 Earthquake and 8.13 Debris Flow,the selection of suitable construction land were studied by learning experiences and lessons from the selection of resettlement areas and through field surveys and with land use transfer model and analytical model in combination with RS and GIS.The results showed that the influence of the 5.12 Earthquake on ecological environment was far greater than that of the 8.13 Debris Flow;there were more salient conflicts between population and land after the earthquake.Sites for post-disaster reconstruction should not be in disaster-prone areas or in gully-facing areas.Suitable land for settlement construction in I-1~I-5 low-hazard zones is optimal settlement areas for post-disaster reconstruction.

Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses in Polish Middletown

The most of studies conducted up till now have shown a frequent occurrence of schizophrenia and other psychoses in cities compared to rural and suburban areas. The following research work was done on the basis of address data in a medium size town of people placed in psychiatric hospitals schizophrenia and other psychoses in the years 1989-2002. ICD9 criteria were initially used for hospital diagnosis, and then ICD10 criteria. To study the differences among particular districts of the town the test for two proportions was conducted. The analyzed group of persons amounted to 380 patients, including 169 men and 211 women. It indicated that patients more frequently lived in more urbanized and postindustrial districts of town as well as men aged 20-29 years old in postindustrial districts. It should be mentioned that more of patients placed the inner city, but also in postindustrial district and in districts with city housinz oroiects.

Prognostic and Predictive Factors of Early Breast Cancer

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for relapse and death in patients with T1 to T2 breast cancer with 0-3 positive axillary lymph nodes.METHODS The case files of 540 breast cancer patients with T1-T2 tumors with 0-3 positive nodes were reviewed retrospectively. Ten-year locoregional recurrence （LRR）, distant recurrence （DR）, disease-free survival （DFS） and overall survival （OS） of the patients were analyzed. Univariate statistical analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were carried out with SPSS so ware v.16.0.RESULTS The median follow-up of all the patients was 7.2 years. On multivariate analysis, 〉 20% positive axillary nodes was the only variable that influenced LRR adversely （hazard ratio[HR], 12.816; 95% confidence interval, 4.657-35.266, P 〈 0.001）; 〉 20% positive axillary nodes and ductal carcinoma were variables that influenced DR adversely （HR, 11.088, 95% confidence interval, 3.807-32.297, P 〈 0.001; HR, 0.390, 95% confidence interval, 0.179-0.851, P = 0.018）; 1-3 positive axillary nodes and 〉 20% positive axillary nodes were the only variables that had negative e. ect on 10-year OS （HR, 2.110, 95% confi dence interval, 1.364-3.264, P = 0.001; HR, 10.244, 95% confidence interval, 3.497-30.011, P 〈 0.001） and they were also adverse prognostic variables on 10-year DFS （HR, 1.634, 95% confidence interval, 1.171-2.279, P = 0.004; HR, 7.339, 95% confi dence interval,2.906-18.530, P 〈 0.001）.CONCLUSION Axillary lymph nodal status is the only risk factor with a signifi cant impact on 10-year LRR, DR, OS and DFS.Patients with T1-T2 breast cancer with 0-3 positive lymph nodes have the LRR and DR of over 10 years, and the OS and DFS of less than 10 years, compared to patients with negative lymph nodes.Histology in primary tumors is a signifi cant prognostic factor for the 10-year DR.

Environmental Nexus： and You Will Know Us by Our Places

The paper investigates the places of an urban region inside a Biosphere Reserve in southern Brazil and explores the potentialities for synergies between their biological and sociocultural systems. It assumes： （i） the perception of their regional rootedness works beneficially for enhancing sustainability; （ii） current progress in place＇s conceptualization helps in the quest for sustainability, since the core factors of the concept deal precisely with the relationships between people and environment. The paper works both with the perception of existing, as invented places, analysing the perception they stimulate. Real places are seen as socially constructed; invented places, as economically promoted. Selection of empirical regional cases is based on their： perception （real and invented places）; scale （urban and ex-urban）; management （public or private）. In the area of Architecture-Urbanism, place is a created environmental form, imbued with symbolic significance to its users. In the present shift of paradigms from modernism to postmodernism, the discipline evolves towards a more thorough concern with the philosophical implications of places on phenomenological grounds. Also, the making and marketing of new places become increasingly accepted as influential tools to foster prosperity and well-being, by means of the economic development attributed to the creation of places. The concerted private and public management of the region＇s places and the restrained design they presently employ are providing grounds for an affluent development, showing a wise use of the regional resources. Altogether, it seems inhabitants have learned how to work in conjunction with the environment. This hints at a clear manifestation of sustainable development, worth investigating. Presumably, the concept of place, positioned as it is at the very interface of physical, social, economic and behavioural disciplines, seems to provide a likely means for tackling the challenges for a sustained regional development planning.