氢含量对含氢甲烷氮膨胀液化流程的影响

在以焦炉煤气或者煤制甲烷等含氢甲烷为原料生产液化天然气时,氢气含量会对液化流程产生较大影响。以氮气膨胀液化流程为考察对象,模拟了各种含氢量的含氢甲烷的液化流程。以单位功耗为第一优化目标优化流程,发现在回收率一定时,单位功耗随着含氢量的增加而增加;当含氢量一定时,随着回收率的提升,单位功耗显著增加。研究结果表明,仅采用液化而不采用精馏分离,可以从含氢天然气生产出高质量的LNG产品,流程的单位能耗和产品纯度均在可接受的范围。

Zinc phthalocyanine as an efficient catalyst for halogen-free synthesis of formamides from amines via carbon dioxide hydrosilylation under mild conditions

The combination of a zinc phthalocyanine(ZnPc)catalyst and a stoichiometric amount of dimethyl formamide(DMF)provided a simple route to formamide derivatives from amines,CO2,and hydrosilanes under mild conditions.We deduced that formation of an active zinc‐hydrogen(Zn‐H)species promoted hydride transfer from the hydrosilane to CO2.The cooperative activation of the Lewis acidic ZnPc by strongly polar DMF,led to formation of activated amines and hydrosilanes,which promoted the chemical reduction of CO2.Consequently,the binary ZnPc/DMF catalytic system showed excellent yields and superior chemoselectivity,representing a simple and sustainable pathway for the reductive transformation of CO2into valuable chemicals as an alternative to conventional halogen‐containing process.