南水北调工程北京段地下水回灌对含水层水质影响

采集南水北调北京蓄调池附近地下砂样、地下水水样、丹江口水库水样,通过室内试验模拟含水层方法,分析不同比例的丹江口水库水、地下水与含水层介质混合后的水化学作用,探讨水化学成分随时间的变化规律。结果表明,模拟含水层在可溶盐溶解作用、矿物溶解-沉淀作用、微生物作用、阳离子交换吸附作用等影响下,各项水质指标都发生了变化,但均符合地下水质量Ⅰ类或Ⅱ类标准。

钱家营矿水质分析研究

水质分析研究工作的目的是查清矿区内的水文地质条件,分析井田范围内主要含水层的水化学特征,预测在开采过程中的矿坑涌水量,分析出水来源,减少或避免突水对矿山生产造成的危害,为保证煤矿安全生产提供基础。在充分收集区内现有相关资料和前人工作成果的基础上,研究矿井主要含水层的水化学特征以及水质化验阴阳离子的分布规律。

德兴铜矿地下水资源初步分析

本文通过对德兴铜矿水文地质条件的分析,初步评价了矿区的地下水资源.

Numerical simulation of dewatering thick unconsolidated aquifers for safety of underground coal mining

With an increase of mining the upper limits under unconsolidated aquifers, dewatering of the bottom aquifer of the Quaternary system has become a major method to avoid water and sand inrushes.In the 8th District of the Taiping Coal Mine in south-western Shandong province, the bottom aquifer of the Quaternary system is moderate to excellent in water-yielding capacity.The base rock above the coal seam is very thin in the concealed coal field of the Carboniferous and Permian systems.Therefore, a comprehensive dewatering plan from both the ground surface and the panel was proposed to lower the groundwater level in order to ensure mining safety.According to the hydrogeologic conditions of the 8th District, we established a numerical model so that we could simulate the groundwater flow in the dewatering process.We obtained the simulation parameters from previous data using backward modeling, such as the average coefficient of permeability of 12 m/d and the elastic storage coefficient of 0.002.From the same model, we predicted the movement of groundwater and water level variables and obtained the visible effect of the dewatering project.Despite the overburden failure during mining, no water and/or sand inrush occurred because the groundwater level in the bottom aquifer was lowered to a safe water level.

Chemical and Organic Contamination of Phreatic Aquifer of Sidi Bouzid （Center West of Tunisia）

An understanding of the long-term changes in the nitrate and microbial contamination pattern of the groundwater of Sidi Bouzid （Centre West of Tunisia） is critical to conservation of drinking water in rural areas supporting mixed land-use activities such as cropping, livestock farming, and residence. The phreatic aquifer was revealed polluted by domestic disposals of the wastewaters in the urban zone. The average nitrate concentration in the groundwater of the east of the mioplioquaternary aquifer of Saddaguia （Sidi Bouzid） rose from 50 mg NO3- during 1996 to over 100 mg in 2003, which represents an increase of some 10 mg per year. Nitrate groundwater pollution during the period 1996-2003 was the result of the abusive use of fertilizers.In the cultivated zone, we must reduce the effects of the excessive use of the nitrogen fertilizers on the basis of monitoring soil once a year, managing water resources, rationalizing the use of the chemical substances. In urban zones, most of lost wells located in the perimeter reveal the gravity of the state of the aquifer. This last is organically polluted and requires an immediate action for the generalization of the purification network. We need to take into account the reality of under soil in all future planning＇s and arrangements. A scheme of sanitation seems necessary before all plans of arrangement. The extension of the sewer network must give the priority to the most vulnerable zones.

Analysis of Aquifer Characteristics and Groundwater Quality in Southwest Punjab, India

A study was conducted in eight districts, viz., Faridkot, Moga, Ferozepur, Muktsar, Bathinda, Mansa, Barnala and Sangrur in south-western part of the Punjab, India to characterize aquifer strata by preparing a fence diagram depicting sub-surface strata and distribution of groundwater quality. The sub-surface lithology drilled upto a depth of 60 m reveal the presence of top most layer of impervious strata comprising of clay upto the depth of 2 m to 5 m which impedes the percolation of surface runoff into the soil leading to surface flooding and water logging even in areas having saturated zone beyond the depth of 5 m. Thick pervious strata of 45 m to 50 m thickness is encountered in central and south-sentral part of the study area comprising of Bathinda, Muktsar and Mansa districts which at certain places are separated by one or two thin layers of impervious or semi-pervious strata comprising of clay and sand occasionally associated with ＂kankar＂ of thickness ranging between 2 m to 5 m. The northern, western and eastern parts, however, exhibit three to four layered pervious zones ranging in thickness from 5 m to 25 m separated by thin layers of impervious and semi pervious strata. The groundwater quality in about 6% of the study area in eight districts is fit, 18% is marginal and 76% is unfit for irrigation purpose.

Obtain Thematic Maps of Diyarbakir Basalt Aquifer＇s Water Quality Parameters with Using GIS Technique

In this study, groundwater quality and water features of Diyarbakir urban basalt aquifer which contains Baglar, Kayapmar, Sur and Yenisehir residential areas aimed to be determined. At this location, water wells opened for drinking water and irrigation water are used in the agricultural field. Therefore, in the study area, which opened in water samples taken from water wells were examined. It was reformed in the field, water samples were taken from the predrilled water wells. Water wells in the same coordinates are determined by Garmin etrex 30 handheld GPS system. Chemical analysis of water samples taken in the laboratory was made. The wells water＇s pH, Electrical Conductivity （EC） and Dissolved Solids （TDS） features were acquired by Portable Hanna HI 98125 pH/EC/TDS/℃ meter device at the field. At this study, basalt aquifer features are considered, and water quality and water chemical properties were determined in Diyarbakir city centre, pH, EC and TDS values of the water samples taken on site and those water chemical analyses were measured in the laboratory. Then, they were modelled by using ARC INFO 10.2.1 GIS programme and geostatistical analyst extension tool. At the end of this process, thematic map of Diyarbakir＇s basalt aquifer pH, EC and TDS were produced.

Relationship between Hydrogeological Structure and Groundwater Exploitation Capacity in Aquifer of the Basin of Cai Phan Rang River, Ninh Thuan Province, Viet Nam

This article presents the results of dividing the hydrogeological structure zones in aquifer of Cai Phan Rang river basin, Ninh Thuan province, Viet Nam, and the relationship between parameters of hydrogeological structure zones with water storage capacity of hydrogeological structure. Research results divided hydrogeological structure of Cai Phan Rang River Basin into four zones, including three zones with depression bedrock and one zone with slope bedrock, and the results assessed： （1） specific discharge of exploitation well is proportional to zone area of hydrogeological structure; （2） specific discharge of exploitation well is inversely proportional to slope of bedrock surface, slope of water level in zone and area of drainage surface of hydrogeological structure zone; （3） water level fluctuation in zone is proportional to slope of bedrock surface, slope of water level in zone and inversely proportional to distribution area of zone; （4） total mineralization of water is proportional to bedrock surface slope and water level slope in zone, and inversely proportional to drainage surface area of zone and volume of structural depression. Research results are practical significance in solutions proposal to increase exploitation capacity for various water use purposes.