降低颗粒饲料成品含粉量的措施

一、含粉量高的原因 前段时间,我厂生产的颗粒饲料含粉量偏高,影响了产品品质。为了解决这个问题,我们降低了下料速度,即通过降低时产量的方法来减少含粉量。但当时产量降低太多时(如下降到8t/h以下),能耗(包括电耗和油耗)增加较大,不仅影响生产效率,而且也会导致生产成本增加。现在采用增加2.5‰的α淀粉的办法,使生产大颗粒料的速度达到11～12t/h,保证了含粉量不超标。为此,饲料成本增加了,单是加α淀粉就要增加15元/t左右。 经厂技术部门研究,为降低生产成本,决定不用α淀粉。

人工砂含粉量与级配对混凝土性能的影响

以C50为主要研究对象,通过试验,分析人工砂颗粒级配0.15mm以上、0.15mm以下颗粒级配以及其含粉量对混凝土的拌合物工作性能和强度的影响。结果表明:良好的人工砂颗粒级配、适中的含粉量能改善混凝土拌合物、强度等性能。

合金含粉量检测系统的开发与应用

为降低采购成本,文中成功开发了合金含粉量检测系统。概述了该系统的总体思路、工艺流程、主要组成、安装调试及应用效果。该系统的应用,实现了对进厂硅铁、锰铁、硅锰合金等主要铁合金中含粉量的自动检测,解决了多年来一直无法检测合金含粉量的问题,取得了显著的经济效益,提高了企业的检测技术水平和生产管理水平。

粉类含砂量测定方法的研究

2011年6月16日重新颁布了粉类含砂量的测定方法,该方法增加了方法原理、试剂警告内容和重复性要求,并且取消了原标准中的灰化法,结构更完整,内容更具体,方法更合理,但是仍有不宜操作和不完善的地方。GB/T 5508-2011粉类粮食含砂量测定方法有不全面性和不宜操作性。经过大量实验,研究出新的粉类含砂量的测定方法:四氯化碳-盐酸法。此法适用于各种营养面粉(包括维生素面粉、增铁面粉、增钙面粉)等含砂量的测定,测定原理合理、操作简单,测定结果真实准确。

粉类含砂量测定方法的研究

2011年6月16日国家质量监督检验检疫总局重新颁布了粉类含砂量的测定方法,该方法增加了方法原理、试剂警告内容和重复性要求,取消了原标准中的灰化法,结构更完整,内容更具体,方法更合理,但是仍有不宜操作和不完善的地方。GB/T 5508—2011《粮油检验粉类粮食含砂量测定》有不全面性和不宜操作性。经过大量实验,研究出新的粉类含砂量的测定方法:四氯化碳.-盐酸法。此法适用于各种营养面粉(包括维生素面粉、增铁面粉、增钙面粉)等含砂量的测定,测定原理合理、操作简单,测定结果真实准确。

碎石含粉量对混凝土28天强度及单方材料成本的影响

以三种不同含粉量的碎石进行试验,从混凝土质量、成本两个维度分析不同含粉量碎石对混凝土28天抗压强度和对单方材料成本的影响。结果表明,在成本一致的条件下,本文所指的"好"与"差"两种碎石配制的混凝土28天抗压强度相差在5.9~12.1MPa间,而要达到相同的强度,用"好"与"差"两种碎石配制的混凝土成本相差在27.85~50.00元间。

粉类含砂量测定器的探讨与改进

针对粉类含砂量测定器存在设计不科学导致测定结果偏低以及仪器清洗困难的弊病,提出对测定器改进的建议。

机制砂品质对混凝土质量的影响

主要研究了机制砂的品质对混凝土拌合物的状态和力学性能的影响。机制砂的品质主要包括细度模数、含粉量、亚甲蓝值等指标。研究结果表明:含粉量高、亚甲蓝值大的机制砂使得低强度等级的混凝土外加剂的掺量增加,坍落度损失增大,但混凝土黏聚性优良,力学性能有所提高。而含粉量低、亚甲蓝值小的机制砂宜配制高强度混凝土,当用于配制低强度混凝土时,混凝土黏聚性不良。

粉质砂土剪切波速测定的弯曲元试验

在天然状态下砂土中常含有粉粒或黏粒。采用人工配比砂土与硅粉的方法,进行了不同密实度和不同围压下的弯曲元试验,通过对比剪切波输出信号,重点分析了激振频率以及含粉量对波形特征的影响,获得了可靠的剪切波传播时间确定方法。研究结果表明:(1)在低频激振条件下,粉质砂土输出波近场效应明显;在高频条件下,第一类P波出现,其振幅与试样的含粉量相关,综合分析实验结果,发现采用初达波方法判断剪切波的传播时间比较可靠;(2)在相同的孔隙比和围压下,随着含粉量由0增加到30%,试样的剪切波速逐渐减小;(3)基于临界状态土力学理论,提出了计算粉质砂土剪切波速的多参数归一化模型,与传统方法相比,模型中各拟合参数不受含粉量影响,计算过程更简便。

煤储层排采液流携粉运移模型与产出规律

基于液固两相流理论建立煤层液流渗流数学模型,并给出描述煤岩产气通道流动状态的偏微分方程和煤层液流携粉运移特征的数学模型,依据数值求解结果分析产气通道中的液流压力和流速以及煤粉随液流运移的浓度分布情况。结果表明,煤储层近井区域液流高流速状态使得通道液流中的含煤粉量达到最高值,排采初期较大的排液量和压差波动使得其煤粉产出较多,而稳产阶段的产液量减小且煤储层与井底间的生产压差降低使得通道中煤粉浓度较低,生产压差由2.05 MPa提高到3.05 MPa后,产气通道各节点最大含煤粉量由0.112%迅速升至0.608%;且稳产阶段煤层泄流体产气通道孔径的增大,会进一步降低通道中煤粉浓度,产气通道高度由0.30 mm扩大到0.90 mm,产气通道各节点最大含煤粉量则由0.759%降至0.160%。该算法提出煤储层泄流体煤岩产气通道管流的概念并定量描述排采液流携煤粉运移的特征,为准确预测煤层气井排采中的煤粉产出情况和制定合理的防煤粉措施提供了依据。

一种高效益的集中粉碎机设计

集中粉碎机定刀片与动刀片之间的间隙大小会直接影响到粉碎料的质量与刀片的使用寿命,为了将刀片间隙调整到合理的范围内,维护人员需要花费大量的时间;当有粉碎机的刀片不足够锋利或者废料原本的材质特殊等的因素存在时,就会出现粉碎料含粉量过高的情况,将直接影响注塑产品的质量,而且会危害人体健康和造成环境污染。为解决上述问题,开发一种高效益的集中粉碎机,粉碎机粉碎室的刀架轴采用可调式动刀片安装设计,同时机器配备机外调刀器与送料风机粉尘分离器。结果表明,这种集中粉碎机的设计能减少人工调刀时间,提高机器粉碎效率,大幅度降低粉碎料的含粉量,保证粉碎料的最终质量。

Quality Analysis and Evaluation of Maize Cultivars Approved by Shanxi Province

[Objective] This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of maize quality in Shanxi Province. [Method] The variations in unit weight, crude starch content, crude protein content, crude fat content and lysine content of maize cultivars approved by Shanxi Province during 2003-2012 were analyzed. [Result] In Shanxi Province, the average unit weight and crude starch content of maize cultivars approved during 2003-2012 were trended to be increased;the crude fat contents of maize cultivars approved during 2003-2012 showed no significant changes; the lysine contents of maize cultivars approved during 2003-2008 were essentially unchanged; the crude protein contents of maize cultivars approved during 2003-2012 declined slightly. [Conclusion] The crude starch content and unit weight of maize increased with the increased yield; the crude protein content, crude fat content and lysine content showed certain stability, and they were mainly controlled by genes. Therefore, the breeding of particular maize should be strengthened.

Analysis of the Conditional Correlations from Different Genetic Systems Between the Protein Content and the Appearance Quality Traits of Indica Rice

A factorial mating design in two environments was conducted using 7 cytoplasmic male sterile lines （A） and 5 restorer lines （R） along with their F1 （A × R） and F2 populations. The unconditional and conditional analyses of genetic models and the corresponding statistic methods, including endospermic, cytoplasmic, and maternal plant genetic systems, were used to analyze the genetic relationships between protein content （PC） and the appearance quality traits of indica rice （Oryza sativa L.）. The results from unconditional analysis indicated that PC was significantly correlated with the appearance quality traits of rice, except for the brown rice thickness （BRT）. Only the genetic covariance between PC and the brown rice width （BRW） was positively correlative, whereas all the other pairwise traits were negatively correlative. The results from conditional analysis revealed that the weight of brown rice （WBR） or the amylose content （AC） could significantly affect the relationships between PC and the appearance quality traits of indica rice. The conditional analysis showed that WBR might negatively affect the relationships between PC and the brown rice length （BRL）, BRW, or BRT through the geuotype x environmental （GE） interaction effects, but positively affected the relationships between PC and the ratio of brown rice length to width （RLW） or the ratio of brown rice length to thickness （RLT）. The amylase content could positively affect the relationships between PC and BRL, RLW, RLT through the cytoplasmic effects and maternal additive effects, but negatively affected the relationships between PC and BRW.

Effects of Curing Techniques on Starch Contents of Leaves in Different Tobacco Parts with Varying Maturity Degrees

[Objective] The aim was to explore effects of different curing techniques on starch contents of tobaccos from different growth parts and with varying maturity degrees in order to reduce starch content of Yunnan tobacco. [Method] Compar- isons were conducted on tobaccos from upper, middle and down parts （immature, premature, mature and excessive mature） by low temperature and low humidity cur- ing technique, moderate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique, mod- erate temperature and high humidity curing technique to measure starch contents before and after curing. [Result] The results showed starch content of tobacco was increasing upon growth part. Low temperature and low humidity curing technique has poor effects on reduction of starch content; moderate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique improves starch content; moderate temperature and high humidity curing technique dramatically reduces starch content of tobaccos. [Conclu- sion] With consideration of tobacco appearance, inner quality and characters, moder- ate temperature and moderate humidity curing technique is recommended for tobac- co production.

Correlation of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Variants in the Leader Sequence of the waxy Gene with Amylose Content of the Grain in Rice

Variation of two simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the leader region of the waxy gene was analyzed in a sample of 74 accessions, including Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, japonica and wild rice (O.rufipogon) representing a wide distribution range of amylose content (AC) in cultivated rice. Eight alleles were detected in the (CT) n motif and two alleles were resolved in the (AATT) n motif. The distribution of the alleles of the two SSRs was quite uneven as detected by the (CT) n motif. The repeat numbers of the two SSR motifs, (CT) n and (AATT) n, appeared to be inversely related such that the total length of this region was maintained. AC of the varieties was highly correlated with the length of SSRs. Differences in AC among the various SSR genotypes were statistically highly significant as analyzed using genotypes of both SSR motifs. Although the SSR variation did not seem to have obvious function in the synthesis of the starch synthase encoded by the waxy gene, the almost perfect correlation between the two SSRs and AC level could be used for quality improvement in rice breeding programs.

Correlation analysis between major nutritional components and resistant starch content in wheat

With 94 spring wheat cultivars as experimental materials, the correlations between the content of resistant starch （RS） in uncooked flour and cooked flour, and the apparent amylose content （AAC）, protein, lipid were investigated. The results showed that RS contents in both the uncooked flour and cooked flour assumed significantly positive correlation with AAC, and significantly negative cor- relation with protein content; and they were proved to be not significantly correlated with lipid content. RS content in uncooked flour was significantly correlated with that in cooked flour. These results provided references for the genetic improvement of wheat cultivars.

Effect of Fast Neutron Irradiation on Amylose Content and Amylopectin Structure of Thailand Rice Cultivar Jao Hom Nin

[Objective]The aim was to research the effect of fast neutron irradiation on amylose content and amylopectin structure.[Method] The amylose content and amylopectin structure of the M4 plants of Thailand rice cultivar Jao Hom Nin irradiated with fast neutron at 13 Gy were evaluated and analyzed in this paper.[Result]The results showed that amylose content of rice could be changed by fast neutron irradiation,many rice mutants with reduced amylose content and many others with enhanced amylose content even some mutants with amylose content near to waxy rice could be isolated,but fast neutron irradiation almost had no effect on amylopectin structure of the samples.[Conclusion]The study provided a basis for breeding rice cultivar with different amylose content in order to meet with the taste hobby of different people and the further processing of diverse rice products via the irradiation of fast neutron.

3号竖炉带冷机下流筛改振动筛实践

永通公司针对3号竖炉成品球团矿的含粉量高于集团公司生产对成品球团矿的含粉量要求的问题,将3号竖炉带冷机下流筛改造为振动筛,取得了良好的改造效果:减少了成品球团矿三道工序的倒运次数,每年可节约倒运费及备件费用82.784 8万元;球团矿的含粉量由原来的4%以上下降到≤3%,提高了球团矿的产质量;减少了高炉入炉粉末。

机制砂混凝土在深水港项目中的施工应用

以机制砂在深水港项目中的应用现状为立足点,阐述机制砂的生产及在海港码头中的主要应用特点。通过对机制砂含粉量的设计与优化,充分发挥出机制砂混凝土的工程性能优势,以便给海港工程施工提供可靠的材料支持。

机制砂在桥梁上构砼中的应用

文章介绍了机制砂的特点、技术指标和检验方法,分析了机制砂中石粉含量对高标号混凝土的影响,提出了机制砂在桥梁上构施工中的应用技术与施工要点。