吸光材料-激光解吸附离子化质谱用于化妆品中添加剂的快速分析

化妆品中的添加剂种类繁多,这些物质的加入可提升化妆品的使用效果和保质期限,但过量使用则可能对人体健康造成不良影响。该研究利用吸光材料-激光解吸附离子化质谱(AR-LDI MS)建立了化妆品中添加剂的快速分析方法。利用该法对化妆品中的3-亚苄基樟脑、4-甲基苄亚基樟脑、对羟基苯乙酮和环吡酮进行检测,检出限分别为4、6、40、10 mg/kg。通过加入内标物,可实现化妆品中樟脑衍生物(3-亚苄基樟脑、4-甲基苄亚基樟脑)的定量分析,其线性范围为60~140 mg/kg。该方法前处理过程简便,总分析时间不超过5 min,分析结果灵敏、准确,在化妆品原位快检中有着较为广阔的应用前景。

钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展

钙钛矿太阳能电池由纳米晶致密层、钙钛矿型光活性层CH3NH3Pb X3(X=Cl、Br、I)、空穴传输层及对电极组成。其中光活性层吸光材料的种类及其成膜技术、空穴传输层材料类型及结构设计是影响钙钛矿太阳能电池光电性能的重要因素。本文结合钙钛矿太阳能电池近年来的最新研究进展,对影响器件光电性能的关键因素:光吸收层、空穴传输层、工艺参数以及结构设计等进行综述,同时展望了钙钛矿太阳能电池未来的发展趋势。

船舶建造区域安全标志的应用及推广

基于现有造船厂的安全标志,对6家国内大型造船厂的船舶建造区域进行问卷调查,分析有效问卷中船舶建造区域在安全标志应用方面存在的安全隐患,归类总结安全标志的使用现状。针对船舶建造区域存在的安全隐患设计出符合实际生产的安全标志。吸光发光材料的应用增加了船舶建造区域安全标志的日常使用时长,提高了船舶的建造效率。

Three-dimensional MoS_2/reduced graphene oxide aerogel as a macroscopic visible-light photocatalyst

Photocatalysis is regarded as an ideal technology for solving the urgent environmental and energy issues that we face today.Among the reported photocatalysts,molybdenum disulfide（MoS2） is very promising for applications in hydrogen production and pollutant photodegradation.However,its lack of active sites and the difficulty of recovering catalysts in powder form have hindered its wide application.Here,we report the successful preparation of a macroscopic visible-light responsive MoS2/reduced graphene oxide（MoS2/RGO） aerogel.The obtained MoS2/RGO aerogel exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity towards hydrogen production and photoreduction of Cr（Ⅵ） in comparison with the MoS2 powder.In addition,the low density（56.1 mg/cm^3） of the MoS2/RGO aerogel enables it to be used as an efficient adsorption material for organic pollutants.Our results demonstrate that this very promising multifunctional aerogel has potential applications in environmental remediation and clean energy production.

发动机缸孔(套)激光淬火技术及设备

项目概况1、主要内容简介该设备由前处理、激光淬火。

Synthesis and optophysical properties of blue-emitting iridium (Ⅲ) complex bearing oxadiazole-based picolinic acid derivative

An iridium （Ⅲ） bis[（4,6-difluorophenyl）pyridinato-N, C^2][6-（6＇-（4＂-（ 5＂-phenyl- 1＂, 3＂, 4＂-oxadiazole-2＂-yl） phenoxy） hexyloxy picolinate） was synthesized and characterized by IH NMR and elementary analysis in order to study the effect of ancillary ligand of the oxadiazole-based picolinic acid derivative on optophysical properties of its iridium complex, and further to obtain an iridium complex with highly-efficient blue emission. The thermal stability, UV absorption and photoluminescent properties of this iridium complex were investigated. Compared with iridium （Ⅲ） bis[（4,6-difluorophenyl）pyridinato-N, C^2]（picolinate） reported as a highly-efficient blue electroluminescent material, this iridium complex bearing an oxadiazole-based picolinic acid derivative presents higher thermal stability, more intense UV absorption at 291 nm and similar photoluminescent spectrum peaked at 469 nm. This indicates that tuning ancillary ligand of picolinic acid with an oxadiazole unit can improve the optophysical properties of its iridium complex.

Preparation of nitric humic acid by catalytic oxidation from Guizhou coal with catalysts

Nitric humic acid was prepared by catalytic oxidation between nitric acid and Guizhou coal, with added catalysts. We investigated catalytic oxidation processes and the factors that affect the reactions. The effects of different catalysts, including NiSO4 support on active carbon （AC-NiS04）, NiS04 support on sil- icon dioxide （SiO2-NiSO4）, composites of SO42-1Fe203, Zr-iron and vanadium-iron composite were stud- ied. As well, we investigated nitric humic acid yields and the chemical structure of products by element analysis, FT-IR and E4/E6 （an absorbance ratio at wavelengths of 465 and 665 nm of humic acid alkaline extraction solutions）. The results show that the catalytic oxidation reaction with added catalysts can increase humic acid yields by 18.7%, 16.36% 12.94%, 5.61% and 8.59%, respectively. The highest yield of humic acid, i.e., 36.0%, was obtained with AC-NiSO4 as the catalyst. The amounts of C and H decreased with the amount of nitrogen. The increase in the E4/E6 ratio in catalytic oxidation of （Guizhou） coal shows that small molecular weights and high yields of nitric humic acid can be obtained by catalytic oxidation reactions.

Review on porous nanomaterials for adsorption and photocatalytic conversion of CO_2

Photocatalytic conversion of“greenhouse gas”CO2is considered to be one of the most effective ways to alleviate current energy and environmental problems without additional energy consumption and pollutant emission.The performance of many traditional semiconductor photocatalysts is not efficient enough to satisfy the requirements of practical applications because of their limited specific surface area and low CO2adsorption capacity.Therefore,the exploration of photocatalysts with high CO2uptake is significant in the field of CO2conversion.Recently the porous materials appeared to be a kind of superior candidate for enriching the CO2molecules on the surface of photocatalysts for catalytic conversion.This paper first summarizes the advances in the development of nanoporous adsorbents for CO2capture.Three main classes of porous materials are considered:inorganic porous materials,metal organic frameworks,and microporous organic polymers.Based on systematic research on CO2uptake,we then highlight the recent progress in these porous‐material‐based photocatalysts for CO2conversion.Benefiting from the improved CO2uptake capacity,the porous‐material‐based photocatalysts exhibited remarkably enhanced efficiency in the reduction of CO2to chemical fuels,such as CO,CH4,and CH3OH.Based on reported recent achievements,we predict a trend of development in multifunctional materials with both high adsorption capability and photocatalytic performance for CO2utilization.

Controllable Absorption and Dispersion Properties of an RF-driven Five-Level Atom in a Double-Band Photonic-Band-Gap Material

The probe absorption-dispersion spectra of a radio-frequency （RF）-driven five-level atom embedded in a photonic crystal are investigated by considering the isotropic double-band photonic-bandogap （PBG） reservoir. In the model used, the two transitions are, respectively, coupled by leading to some curious phenomena. Numerical simulations the upper and lower bands in such a PBG material, thus are performed for the optical spectra. It is found that when one transition frequency is inside the band gap and the other is outside the gap, there emerge three peaks in the absorption spectra. However, for the case that two transition frequencies lie inside or outside the band gap, the spectra display four absorption profiles. Especially, there appear two sharp peaks in the spectra when both transition frequencies exist inside the band gap. The influences of the intensity and frequency of the RF-driven field on the absorptive and dispersive response are analyzed under different band-edge positions. It is found that a transparency window appears in the absorption spectra and is accompanied by a very steep variation of the dispersion profile by adjusting system parameters. These results show that the absorption-dispersion properties of the system depend strongly on the RF-induced quantum interference and the density of states （DOS） of the PBG reservoir.

Preparations of Complex Bimetallic Oxides from Bimetallic Assemblies Containing Different Copper（Ⅱ） Precursors and Comparison of Some Related Systems

This is a mini-review-like article including our recent results and methods for （new） metal oxides and （previously reported） composite materials composed of metal complexes and metal oxides for comparison to enhance anisotropic structural changes intentionally. Some complex inorganic oxides are known that they may be promising color materials （absorbing visible light of certain wavelengths region） having potential application for environmentally benign catalysts, for example, photocatalysts. Chiral copper（Ⅱ） complexes having bidentate amine ligands （[CuL2]2＋） can be acted as cationic building blocks of bimetallic metal complexes. We have prepared some chiral bimetallic complexes with various anionic metal complexes such as [PtCl4]2-, [M02O7]2 and Mn12 clusters （typical single-molecule magnets） which characterized by means of solid-state electronic and CD （circular dichroism） spectra, IR （infrared） spectra, synchrotron XRD （X-ray diffraction） and XAS （soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy）. By sintering these precursor chiral bimetallic complexes, we have prepared complex inorganic oxides from them. The IR spectra indicated substituting metal-ligand bonds and losing organic moieties. The XRD pattern indicated complete changes of crystal structures. The XAS revealed replacing coordination atoms as well as oxidation of valences of metal ions. Furthermore, we will also investigate possibility of patterning by homogeneous precipitation method as bimetallic complexes to prepare desirable complex inorganic oxides.

离子型硫代双烯金属络合物近红外染料的研究进展

近红外染料因具有独特的光谱特性而越来越受到人们的关注,应用领域不断拓宽。硫代双烯金属络合物作为商品化较早的一类近红外染料,因其结构简单、光热稳定好、光电磁性优良而得到了快速发展,本文就离子型硫代双烯金属络合物的研究进展进行了总结。

我画花果

上研究生期间,我接触到一种日本的金纸,这是用金箔作底类似于和纸、高丽纸一样半生半熟的纸质材料,日本人把它当作拉门装饰画“障壁画”用纸,一般宽1米左右,正好一扇传统日本住屋拉门的宽度,一卷长度可达二十米。这样就算房子再高,每扇障壁画都不用拼接纸。我很喜欢这种金颜色的纸,通过一张又一张的绘制,渐渐发现,金箔作为底色,应该把它当一个重要的因素考虑,把它好好利用。金颜色是一种中性的色彩,不黑、不白、不冷、不暖。

High-permittivity Sb_(2)S_(3) single-crystal nanorods as a brand-new choice for electromagnetic wave absorption

The application of antimony sulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))has been limited mainly to the energy storage and photoelectric conversion fields.However,in this work,the application of Sb_(2)S_(3) is extended to the field of electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption for the first time.High-permittivity Sb_(2)S_(3) singlecrystal nanorods were prepared successfully and exhibited excellent performance,with a low reflection loss of -65.9 dB(13.0 GHz,3.8 mm)and an ultra-wide effective absorption bandwidth of 9.5 GHz(8.5-18.0 GHz,4.1 mm).After excluding the general absorption mechanisms,including conductive losses,interfacial polarization,and dipole polarization,the distinctive single-crystal volume polarization affected by shape anisotropy was proposed.This work not only meets the challenge of a single-component dielectric material design but also introduces a new concept for construction of efficient dielectric EM wave absorption material.

Phase degradation of all-inorganic perovskite CsPbI2Br films induced by a p-type CuI granular capping layer

It is necessary to evaluate the interactions between the different functional layers in optoelectronic devices to optimize device performance.Recently,the I-rich allinorganic perovskite CsPbI2 Br has attracted tremendous attention for use in solar cell applications because of its suitable band gap and favorable photo and thermal stabilities.It has been reported that the undesirable phase degradation of the photoactiveαphase CsPbI2 Br to the non-perovskiteδphase could be triggered by high humidity.To obtain stable devices,it is thus important to protect CsPbI2 Br from moisture.In this paper,CuI,a non-hygroscopic p-type hole-transporting material,is found to induce the phase degradation ofα-CsPbI2 Br to theδ-CsPbI2 Br.The rate and extent of phase degradation of CsPbI2 Br are closely associated with the heating temperature and coverage of a Cu I granular capping layer.This discovery is different from the widely reported water-induced phase degradation of CsPbI2 Br.Our work highlights the importance of careful selection of hole-transporting materials during the processing of I-rich all-inorganic CsPbX3(X=Br,I)perovskites to realize high-performance optoelectronic devices.

Recent progress on intramolecular charge-transfer compounds as photoelectric active materials

This article summarized the recent advance on the structural design and synthetic strategies of intramolec- ular charge-transfer compounds as well as their potential ap- plications in two-photon absorption chromophores, organic photovoltaics and organic light-emitting diodes.

New carbon nitride close to C_(6)N_(7) with superior visible light absorption for highly efficient photocatalysis

The rational design and construction of novel two-dimensional(2D)carbon nitrides(CNs)beyond g-C_(3)N_(4) is a hot topic in the fields of chemistry and materials.Inspired by the polymerisation of urea,we have prepared a series of novel C-C bridged heptazine CNs UO_(x)(where x is the ratio of urea to oxamide,x=1,1.5,2,2.5,and 3),which are similar to(C_(6)N_(7))n,upon the introduction of oxamide.As predicted using density functional theory(DFT)calculations,the conjugated structure of UO_(x) was effectively extended from an individual heptazine to the entire material.Consequently,its bandgap was reduced to 2.05 eV,and its absorption band edge was significantly extended to 600 nm.Furthermore,its carrier transfer and separation were significantly enhanced,establishing its superior photocatalytic activity.The optimised UO_(2) exhibits a superior photocatalytic hydrogen production rate about 108.59 lmol h^(-1)(using 10 mg of catalyst)with an apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of 36.12%and 0.33%at 420 and 600 nm,respectively,which is one of the most active novel CNs reported to date.Moreover,UO_(2) exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of diphenylhydrazine to azobenzene with conversion and selectivity reaching~100%,which represents a promising highly efficient 2D CN material.Regarding phenols degradation,UO_(2) also displayed significantly higher activity and durability during the degradation of phenol when compared to traditional g-C_(3)N_(4),highlighting its significant potential for application in energy,environment and photocatalytic organic reactions.