The Mg2Ni-type alloys with nominal compositions of Mg20Ni10-xCox(x=0,1,2,3,4,%,mass fraction) were prepared by melt-spinning technology.The structures of the alloys were studied by XRD,SEM and HRTEM.The hydrogen absor...The Mg2Ni-type alloys with nominal compositions of Mg20Ni10-xCox(x=0,1,2,3,4,%,mass fraction) were prepared by melt-spinning technology.The structures of the alloys were studied by XRD,SEM and HRTEM.The hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics and the electrochemical performances of the alloys were measured.The results show that no amorphous phase forms in the as-spun Co-free alloy,but the as-spun alloys containing Co show a certain amount of amorphous phase.The hydrogen absorption capacities of the as-cast alloys first increase and then decrease with the incremental change of Co content.The hydrogen desorption capacities of as-cast and spun alloys rise with increasing Co content.The melt spinning significantly improves the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation capacities and kinetics of the alloys.The substitution of Co for Ni clearly enhances the discharge capacities of the alloys and the cycle stability of the as-spun alloys.展开更多
The absorption of sulfur dioxide in simulated flue gas by using liquid-containing membrane was investigated.The process of sulfur dioxide desorption from the absorbent of citrate solution was explored.The influence of...The absorption of sulfur dioxide in simulated flue gas by using liquid-containing membrane was investigated.The process of sulfur dioxide desorption from the absorbent of citrate solution was explored.The influence of the gas-phase,and the liquid-phase on absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide and the influence of ultrasonic frequency,ultrasonic power and stirring speed on desorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide were examined.The results indicate that the absorption efficiency decreases with increasing flow velocity and sulfur dioxide content in gas-phase,and can be improved by increasing the concentration and the pH value of citrate solution.It is concluded that lower ultrasonic frequency results in a better degassing efficiency.The using of ultrasound in desorbing sulfur dioxide from citrate solution improves the desorbing efficiency in the some conditions,without changing the essence of chemical reaction.展开更多
Alkanolamines are widely used in the purification of the sourgas sweetening process. During the sour gas absorption process, CO_2 significantly degrades the amine solvent and creates enormous problems for plant operat...Alkanolamines are widely used in the purification of the sourgas sweetening process. During the sour gas absorption process, CO_2 significantly degrades the amine solvent and creates enormous problems for plant operation. In this work, CO_2 induced degradation of aqueous diethanolamine(DEA) solution was conducted in a 1.25 L jacketed glass reactor that functioned as an absorber and stripper at atmospheric conditions. Pure CO_2 was bubbled through the reactor until the solution became saturated. In this study, the concentrations of DEA used were in the range of concentrations between 2 mol·L^(-1) and 4 mol·L^(-1). In the degradation experiment, six generic cycles were conducted for each run. Each cycle was configured with the absorption and desorption of carbon dioxide at 55 ℃ and 100 ℃, respectively. Samples were collected after a predetermined experimental time and analyzed by ion chromatography(IC) to identify unknown ionic degradation products(DGPs). In the IC analysis, three different columns were used for anion, cation and ion exclusion systems, which are Metrosep A Supp 5150/4.0, Metrosep C Supp 4 150/4.0 and Metrosep Organic Acids, respectively. The major identified DGPs of D01 DEA2 M, D02 DEA3 M, and D03 DEA4 M are nitrite, acetate and ammonium. Phosphate product was found in the degraded amine samples which might be due to the contamination of water or chromatographic system.展开更多
Effects of ultrasound on intensification of separation process were investigated through the experiment of desorption equilibrium behavior. Tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) on NKA-II resin and phenol on a solvent impregnated...Effects of ultrasound on intensification of separation process were investigated through the experiment of desorption equilibrium behavior. Tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) on NKA-II resin and phenol on a solvent impregnated resin, CL-TBP resin, were used for desorption processes. The desorption rate was measured with and without ultrasound. Desorption equilibrium was studied under various ultrasonic power densities or thermal infusion. Results showed that the desorption rate with ultrasound was much higher than that with normal thermal infusion. Both ultrasound and thermal infusion broke the desorption equilibrium existed at room temperature. However, after the systems were cooled down, the amount of solute desorbed in the liquid phase in the presence of ultrasound was much higher than that at the temperature corresponding to the same ultrasound power. It is proved that the initial desorption equilibrium was broken as a result of the spot energy effect of ultrasound.展开更多
The adoption of grammatical modifier for im- plants or other kinds of biomaterials eventually absorbed by the body has been a long-standing confusing issue, and there are diverse terms in the large fields of research,...The adoption of grammatical modifier for im- plants or other kinds of biomaterials eventually absorbed by the body has been a long-standing confusing issue, and there are diverse terms in the large fields of research, which not only causes the difficulties when searching on the Internet, but also blurs the meaning and boundaries for researchers. Prior unification attempts at laws/standards set the basis for such research fields towards researching, labeling, marketing and instructions for use. Considering this, the typical gram- matical modifiers ＂biodegradable＂, ＂resorbable＂ ＂absorbable＂, along with their noun forms used in the decades of scien- tific research have been reviewed and explained, interdiscipli- nary in chemistry, ecology, materials science, biology, micro- biology, medicine, and based on usage customs, laws, stan- dards and markets. The term ＂biodegradable＂ has been not only used in biomaterials but also in ecology waste manage- ment, biomedicine and even natural environment. Mean- while, the term ＂resorbable＂ has long been used in biological reaction （osteoclast driven bone resorption）, but is inappro- priate for implants that do not carry the potential to grow back into their original form. The term ＂absorbable＂ focuses more on the host metabolism to the foreign biodegradation products of the implanted material/device compared with the term ＂degradable/biodegradable＂. Meanwhile the coherence and normalization of the term ＂absorbable＂ carried by its own in laws and standards contributes as well. In general, the au- thors consider the term ＂absorbable＂ to be the best grammat- ical modifier with respect to other adjectives which share the same inherence. A further internationally unified usage is proposed by us.展开更多
基金Project(2006AA05Z132) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(50871050,50701011) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(200711020703) supported by Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,ChinaProject(NJzy08071) supported by High Education Science Research Program of Inner Mongolia,China
文摘The Mg2Ni-type alloys with nominal compositions of Mg20Ni10-xCox(x=0,1,2,3,4,%,mass fraction) were prepared by melt-spinning technology.The structures of the alloys were studied by XRD,SEM and HRTEM.The hydrogen absorption/desorption kinetics and the electrochemical performances of the alloys were measured.The results show that no amorphous phase forms in the as-spun Co-free alloy,but the as-spun alloys containing Co show a certain amount of amorphous phase.The hydrogen absorption capacities of the as-cast alloys first increase and then decrease with the incremental change of Co content.The hydrogen desorption capacities of as-cast and spun alloys rise with increasing Co content.The melt spinning significantly improves the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation capacities and kinetics of the alloys.The substitution of Co for Ni clearly enhances the discharge capacities of the alloys and the cycle stability of the as-spun alloys.
基金Projects(50874087,50978212) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The absorption of sulfur dioxide in simulated flue gas by using liquid-containing membrane was investigated.The process of sulfur dioxide desorption from the absorbent of citrate solution was explored.The influence of the gas-phase,and the liquid-phase on absorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide and the influence of ultrasonic frequency,ultrasonic power and stirring speed on desorption efficiency of sulfur dioxide were examined.The results indicate that the absorption efficiency decreases with increasing flow velocity and sulfur dioxide content in gas-phase,and can be improved by increasing the concentration and the pH value of citrate solution.It is concluded that lower ultrasonic frequency results in a better degassing efficiency.The using of ultrasound in desorbing sulfur dioxide from citrate solution improves the desorbing efficiency in the some conditions,without changing the essence of chemical reaction.
基金the Ministry of Science,Technology and Innovation,Malaysia(MOSTI),for funding the project:RG003/09AET as well as the University of Malaya for allowing full access to several key laboratories to perform experimental work
文摘Alkanolamines are widely used in the purification of the sourgas sweetening process. During the sour gas absorption process, CO_2 significantly degrades the amine solvent and creates enormous problems for plant operation. In this work, CO_2 induced degradation of aqueous diethanolamine(DEA) solution was conducted in a 1.25 L jacketed glass reactor that functioned as an absorber and stripper at atmospheric conditions. Pure CO_2 was bubbled through the reactor until the solution became saturated. In this study, the concentrations of DEA used were in the range of concentrations between 2 mol·L^(-1) and 4 mol·L^(-1). In the degradation experiment, six generic cycles were conducted for each run. Each cycle was configured with the absorption and desorption of carbon dioxide at 55 ℃ and 100 ℃, respectively. Samples were collected after a predetermined experimental time and analyzed by ion chromatography(IC) to identify unknown ionic degradation products(DGPs). In the IC analysis, three different columns were used for anion, cation and ion exclusion systems, which are Metrosep A Supp 5150/4.0, Metrosep C Supp 4 150/4.0 and Metrosep Organic Acids, respectively. The major identified DGPs of D01 DEA2 M, D02 DEA3 M, and D03 DEA4 M are nitrite, acetate and ammonium. Phosphate product was found in the degraded amine samples which might be due to the contamination of water or chromatographic system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 29476245) and Foundation of Tsinghua University (No. Q9515).
文摘Effects of ultrasound on intensification of separation process were investigated through the experiment of desorption equilibrium behavior. Tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) on NKA-II resin and phenol on a solvent impregnated resin, CL-TBP resin, were used for desorption processes. The desorption rate was measured with and without ultrasound. Desorption equilibrium was studied under various ultrasonic power densities or thermal infusion. Results showed that the desorption rate with ultrasound was much higher than that with normal thermal infusion. Both ultrasound and thermal infusion broke the desorption equilibrium existed at room temperature. However, after the systems were cooled down, the amount of solute desorbed in the liquid phase in the presence of ultrasound was much higher than that at the temperature corresponding to the same ultrasound power. It is proved that the initial desorption equilibrium was broken as a result of the spot energy effect of ultrasound.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1102402)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 51431002)the NSFC and the Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme (51361165101 and 5161101031)
文摘The adoption of grammatical modifier for im- plants or other kinds of biomaterials eventually absorbed by the body has been a long-standing confusing issue, and there are diverse terms in the large fields of research, which not only causes the difficulties when searching on the Internet, but also blurs the meaning and boundaries for researchers. Prior unification attempts at laws/standards set the basis for such research fields towards researching, labeling, marketing and instructions for use. Considering this, the typical gram- matical modifiers ＂biodegradable＂, ＂resorbable＂ ＂absorbable＂, along with their noun forms used in the decades of scien- tific research have been reviewed and explained, interdiscipli- nary in chemistry, ecology, materials science, biology, micro- biology, medicine, and based on usage customs, laws, stan- dards and markets. The term ＂biodegradable＂ has been not only used in biomaterials but also in ecology waste manage- ment, biomedicine and even natural environment. Mean- while, the term ＂resorbable＂ has long been used in biological reaction （osteoclast driven bone resorption）, but is inappro- priate for implants that do not carry the potential to grow back into their original form. The term ＂absorbable＂ focuses more on the host metabolism to the foreign biodegradation products of the implanted material/device compared with the term ＂degradable/biodegradable＂. Meanwhile the coherence and normalization of the term ＂absorbable＂ carried by its own in laws and standards contributes as well. In general, the au- thors consider the term ＂absorbable＂ to be the best grammat- ical modifier with respect to other adjectives which share the same inherence. A further internationally unified usage is proposed by us.
