肥胖病人急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术中冲吸杆的应用

目的:探讨冲吸杆在肥胖病人急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用价值。方法:常规人工CO_2气腹,用冲吸杆分离解剖胆囊三角36例,采用剥离、刮、吸相结合的方法,充分游离出胆囊管,予夹闭切断,再分离出胆囊动脉,并夹闭切断。结果:36例均顺利完成手术,无手术并发症,1例分破胆囊壶腹与胆囊管交界处。结论:此法操作简便,解剖分离方便,减少术中器械更换、缩短手术时间,能保持术野清晰。

ARO型四臂锚杆钻车用新型干式吸尘钻杆的研发

针对ARO型四臂锚杆钻车所需的国产Ф22×5-2200、2500 mm干式吸尘回转钻杆的弹性不足、质量波动大、出现早期断裂和弯曲的问题,经多次现场试钻调查和残体分析,并结合所积累的信息和经验,从Ф22×5 mm管坯以及钻杆的几何结构参数、钢种、钢质标准、钢管冶轧工艺、钻杆制造工艺(含机加工、热处理、表面强化)和使用技术等6个方面,进行了系统地创新和改进,机械性能与质量稳定性全面提升.

四臂锚杆钻车用新型干式吸尘钻杆的研发

国内生产的ARO型四臂锚杆钻车用!22×5-2200、2500mm干式吸尘回转钻杆,矿山反映弹性不足,质量波动大,出现早期断裂和弯曲。通过多次现场试钻调查和残体分析,从!22×5mm管坯以及钻杆的几何结构参数、钢种、钢质标准、钢管冶轧工艺、钻杆制造工艺(含机加工、热处理、表面强化)和使用技术等六个方面,进行了系统的创新和改进。研发的《天隆》1#、2#、3#、4#等四个系列的新型干式吸尘钻杆,机械性能与质量稳定性均获矿方好评。

Φ22-H28/B16-Φ27新型干式吸尘钻具的工业考核

近几年来,我国煤炭行业在煤层顶板和围岩加固作业中广泛引用锚杆钻车。锚杆钻车大量耗用的干式吸尘锚杆钻具(钻杆、杆尾、钻头),正处于进口产品国产化的进程中。我国迄今尚无适合干式吸尘钻杆所需的专用无缝钢管。中国神华集团神东煤田进口的澳大利亚ARO型四臂锚杆钻车,所用的准22×5-2200、2500mm干式吸尘钻杆,按照承受静载条件的现行国标GB/T8162-1999《结构用无缝钢管》选用的准22×5mm无缝钢管,在几何结构参数、钢种、钢质、冶轧与成品制造工艺方面存在缺陷,不能满足生产需要。经过各有关方面一年来的艰苦攻关,大批量工业考核证明:用TLM2#钢准22×5mm"热穿-冷拔法"无缝钢管生产的《天隆》准22-H28/B16新型干式吸尘钻杆,在单轴抗压强度σD=40～90MPa的细砂岩中,平均使用寿命已稳定在300m以上,主要技术经济指标均达到或超过了同类进口产品;经过改进的准27mm干式吸尘钻头,纯钻速达到60～100cm/min,平均使用寿命稳定在150～200m/支,在使用中产生了显著的经济效益。

ARO型四臂锚杆钻车用新型干式吸尘钻杆的研发

对澳大利亚 ARO 型四臂锚杆钻车所需的φ22×5-2 200、2 500 mm 干式吸尘回转钻杆进行了国产化的研发,从φ22×5 mm 管坯以及钻杆的几何结构参数、钢种、钢质标准、钢管冶轧工艺、钻杆制造工艺和使用技术等6个方面,进行了系统的创新和改进。所研发的4个系列新型干式吸尘钻杆,机械性能与质量稳定性全面提升,均获矿方好评。

纸张交接反折故障的排除

DT400型四开自动平台印刷机在高速印刷过程中,有时纸张在吸送进入输纸台完成交接定位的瞬间,因前臂吸杆带有余量吸力,在吸嘴回程中纸张叼口边向后反折,以致滚筒咬牙叼不上纸,引起纸张卷入胶辊,无法实现正常印刷,降低了生产效率。 上述故障的出现,多表现为印刷四开幅面的薄型纸张,且机器转速越快,纸张交接反折现象越严重,反之,降低机器转速,上述现象则消失。但低速运行印刷,电流大。

多组件配页机供纸部分的改进

针对配页机配页慢等常出现的问题,对配页机的吸咀位置做了改变,并增加了夹纸器、顶柱、吹咀、分气箱等装置,使原本依次进行的几个动作能同时进行,提高了效率和精度。为了适应不同材质与厚度的纸张,对其吸咀和吹咀做了改造,使同一配页机可以对不同材质与厚度的纸张进行配页,增强了配页机的通用性。

Adsorption and Insecticidal Activity of Toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis on Rectorite

The adsorption and desorption of the toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis strain WG-001 on rectorite were studied at different toxin and/or rectorite concentrations, pH values and temperatures. The insecticidal activity of the adsorbed toxin was evaluated by determining the lethal concentration to kill 50% of the larvae of Heliothis armigera （LC50）. The adsorption of the toxin on rectorite in sodium carbonate buffer （pH 9） reached equilibrium within 0.5-1.0 h and the adsorption isotherm of the toxin followed the Langmuir equation （R^2 〉 0.99）. In the pH range from 9 to 11 （carbonate buffer）, the adsorbed toxin decreased with increasing pH. The adsorption amounts decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio. The adsorption was not significantly affected by the temperature between 10 and 50 ℃. The X- ray diffraction analysis indicated occurrence of the intercalation of the rectorite by the toxin. The infrared absorption spectrum showed that the binding of the toxin did not alter its structure. The LC50 wlues of the adsorbed toxin were smaller than those of the free toxin. The rectorite protected the toxin from ultraviolet irradiation damage. The desorption of the adsorbed toxin in water ranged from 37.5% to 56.4% and from 27.4% to 41.8% in a carbonate buffer. The desorption percentage also decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio.

Adsorption characteristics of thiobacillus ferrooxidans on surface of sulfide minerals

By using thiobacillus ferrooxidans (T.f) from Qixiashan, Hubei Province, China, the adsorption characteristics of T.f on surface of sulfide mineral were studied. The influences of adsorption time, pH value, temperature, initial inoculated concentration of bacteria, concentration of sulfide mineral powder, and variety of minerals on the adsorption characteristics were firstly investigated by using the ninhydrin colorimetric method, and the changes of contact angles and Zeta potentials of mineral surface during the bacterial adsorption were then determined. The results show that when the leaching experiments are performed for a long time from several days to a month, the maximal quantity of adsorption of T.f on the surface of pyrite is obtained under the following conditions: leaching for 20 d, pH value in range of 12 and temperature at 30 ℃, respectively; when the bio-leaching experiments are performed for a shorter leaching time, the maximal quantity of adsorption is obtained under the conditions: bio-leaching for 2 h, at 2.4×107 cell/mLof initial inoculated bacteria concentration, and at 10% of mineral powder concentration; and the adsorption quantities are different form one sulfide mineral to another, and the adsorption of T.f on the surface of sulfide minerals includes three phases: increasing phase, stationary phase and decreasing phase.

Helicobacter pylori infection and respiratory diseases:a review

In the past few years,a variety of extradigestive disorders, including cardiovascular,skin,rheumatic and liver diseases, have been associated with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection.The activation of inflammatory mediators by H.pylori seems to be the pathogenetic mechanism underlying the observed associations.The present review summarizes the current literature,including our own studies,concerning the association between H.pyloriinfection and respiratory diseases. A small number of epidemiological and serologic,case- control studies suggest that H.pylori infection may be associated with the development of chronic bronchitis.A frequent coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and H.pylori infection has also been found.Moreover,recent studies have shown an increased H.pyloriseroprevalence in patients with bronchiectasis and in those with lung cancer.On the other hand,bronchial asthma seems not to be related with H.pylori infection. All associations between H.pylori infection and respiratory diseases are primarily based on case-control studies, concerning relatively small numbers of patients.Moreover, there is a lack of studies focused on the pathogenetic link between respiratory diseases and H.pylori infection. Therefore,we believe that larger studies should be undertaken to confirm the observed results and to clarify the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.

Analysis of radial stiffness of rubber bush used in dynamic vibration absorber

In order to study the influence of the structural parameters of the rubber bush on its radial stiffness, the constitutive relation of rubber materiel is used to obtain the calculation formula of the dimensionless radial stiffness coefficient. The obtained theoretical result is consistent with previous research results in both long rubber bushes and short rubber bushes. The simulation case was conducted by the finite element method to verify the correctness of the theory. The axial compression experiment was conducted to obtain the parameters needed in the simulation. The result shows that the percentage difference between the theoretical result and the simulation one is only 2.75%. A series of simulations were conducted to compare with previous work, and the largest magnitude of the percentage difference is only about 5%. Finally, the radial stiffness experiment was conducted by using a dynamic vibration absorber, and the influence of the structural parameters of the rubber bush on its radial stiffness is obtained. The result shows that the radial stiffness of the rubber bush increases with the increase in the length and the inner radius, but decreases with the increase in the outer radius.

Interactions between CagA and smoking in gastric cancer

AIM: To examine the interactions between cytotoxinassociated gene (CagA) positive Helicobacter pylori infection and smoking in non-cardiac gastric cancer.METHODS: A case-control study (257 cases and 514 frequency-matched controls) was conducted from September 2008 to July 2010 in Xi’an,China.Cases were newly diagnosed,histologically confirmed non-cardiac cancer.Controls were randomly selected from similar communities to the cases and were further matched by sex and age (± 5 years).A face-to-face interview was performed by the investigators for each participant.Data were obtained using a standardized questionnaire that included questions regarding known or suspected lifestyle and environmental risk factors of gastric cancer.A 5 mL sample of fasting venous blood was taken.CagA infection was serologically detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assays.RESULTS: Smoking and CagA infection were statistically significant risk factors of non-cardiac cancer.CagA was categorized in tertiles,and the odds ratio (OR) was 12.4 (95% CI: 6.1-20.3,P = 0.003) for CagA after being adjusted for confounding factors when the highexposure category was compared with the low-exposure category.Smokers had an OR of 5.4 compared with subjects who never smoked (95% CI: 2.3-9.0,P = 0.002).The OR of non-cardiac cancer was 3.5 (95% CI: 1.8-5.3) for non-smokers with CagA infection,3.5 (95% CI: 1.9-5.1) for smokers without CagA infection,and 8.7 (95% CI: 5.1-11.9) for smokers with CagA infection compared with subjects without these risk factors.After adjusting for confounding factors,the corresponding ORs of non-cardiac cancer were 3.2 (95% CI: 1.5-6.8),2.7 (95% CI: 1.3-4.9) and 19.5 (95% CI: 10.3-42.2),respectively.There was a multiplicative interaction between smoking and CagA,with a synergistic factor of 2.257 (Z = 2.315,P = 0.021).CONCLUSION: These findings support a meaningful interaction between CagA and smoking for the risk of gastric cancer which may have implications for its early detection.

Adsorption of Cu^(2+), Zn^(2+) and Cd^(2+) on Bacillus subtilis

A process of biosorption of Cu^2＋, Zn^2＋ and Cd^2＋ on Bacillus subtilis was investigated. The experiments show that the process of biosorption is quite fast, The maximum adsorption was reached after 5 min and hardly changed with time. The experimental data was analyzed using four sorption kinetic models： the pseudo-first-order, the Ritchie second-order, the modified second-order and the Elovich equations, which helped to determine the best-fit equation for the sorption of metal ions onto biomass, The results show that both the Ritchie second-order and modified secondorder equations can fit the experimental data. The Langmuir model is able to accurately describe adsorption of Cu^2＋ and Zn^2＋ on B. subtilis. The experimental data points of adsorption Cd^2＋ and Zn^2＋ on B. subtilis are described by Freundlich isotherms model.

Comparison of a monoclonal antigen stool test (Hp StAR) with the ^(13)C-urea breath test in monitoring Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy

AIM： To evaluate the agreement between a mAb-based stool test （HP STAR） and the urea breath test （UBT） in monitoring （H pylon） infection after eradication therapy. METHODS： Patients with discordant results on UBT and Hp STAR underwent endoscopy with biopsies for rapid urease test, culture, and histology to confirm H pylori status. RESULTS： Among 250 patients （50±14 years）, 240 （96.0%） had concordant UBT and Hp STAR tests with a significant correlation between DOB and A values （R = 0.87; P〈0.0001）. The remaining 10 （4.0%） patients had discordant tests （positive Hp STAR and negative UBT） with the Hp STAR inaccurate in five cases （false positive） and UBT inaccurate in the other five cases （false negative）. The “maximal expected” sensitivity, specificity, ＋PV, -PV, ＋LR, and -LR were 91%, 100%, 100%, 97.4%, ∞, and 8.2 respectively, for the UBT, and 100%, 97.4%, 91%, 100%, 38.8, and 0, respectively, for the Hp STAR. Overall accuracy for both tests was 98%. CONCLUSION： Both the UBT and the Hp StAR are equally accurate in monitoring H pylori infection. Nowadays, the choice of the “best” non-invasive H pylori test in the post-treatment setting should be done not only in terms of diagnostic accuracy but also in view of cost and local facilities.

Role of Helicobacter pylori in functional dyspepsia

The aetiology of dyspepsia is unknown in the majority of patients. Helicobacter pylori （H pylon） is the cause in a subset of patients. A non invasive test to assess the presence of H pylori is recommended in the management of patients under the age of 50 presenting tO a family practitioner with dyspepsia. A urea breath test or a stool antigen test are the most reliable non invasive tests. Eradication of H pylori will reduce the risk to the patient with dyspepsia of developing a peptic ulcer, reduce the complication rate if prescribed nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs and later reduce the risk of gastric cancer. The recommended treatment for non ulcer dyspepsia associated with a H pylon infection should be a 10-d course of treatment with a PPI and two antibiotics. Treatment efficacy should be assessed four weeks after completing treatment with a urea breath test or a stool antigen test.

Association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity and digestive tract cancers

AIM： To explore the role of Helicobacter pylori （Hpylori） infection on the risk of digestive tract cancers. METHODS： In total, 199 oral squamous-cell carcinoma （SCC）, 317 esophagea! SCC, 196 gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma and 240 colon adenocarcinoma patients were recruited for serum tests of Hpylori infection. Two hospital- and one community-based control groups were used for the comparisons. Hpylori seropositivity was determined by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method against Hpylori IgG. RESULTS： Presence of H pylori infection was significantly inversely associated with esophageal SCC [adjusted odds ratio （AOR）： 0.315-0.472, all P-value 〈 0.05] but positively associated with gastric adenocarcinoma （both cardia and non-cardia） （AOR： 1.636-3.060, all P-value 〈 0.05） in comparison to the three control groups. Similar results were not found in cancers of the oral cavity and colon. CONCLUSION： Our findings support the finding that H pylori seropositivity is inversely associated with esophageal SCC risk, but increases the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

A research on an energy-saving software for pumping units based on FNN intelligent control

An energy-saving scheme for pumping units via intermission start-stop performance is proposed. Because of the complexity of the oil extraction process, Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) intelligent control is adopted. The structure of the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy neural network model is introduced and modified. FNNs are trained with sample information from oil fields and expert knowledge. Finally, pumping unit energy-saving FNN software, which cuts down power costs substantially, is presented.

Validity and cost comparison of ^(14)carbon urea breath test for diagnosis of H Pylori in dyspeptic patients

AIM： To validate and compare the cost of microdose ^14C urea breath test （UBT） with histology and rapid urease test for the diagnosis of H Py/ori. METHODS： Ninety-four consecutive patients with dyspeptic symptoms undergoing gastroscopy were enrolled. Gastric biopsies were taken for histology and rapid urease test. UBT was performed after gastroscopy by microdose ^14 urea capsules. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of UBT were calculated and compared with histology and rapid urease test. Cost comparison of these tests was also performed. RESULTS： H pylori was diagnosed by histology and rapid urease test in 66 （70%） and 61 （65%） patients, while ^14C UBT detected infection in 63 （67%）. Accuracy of UBT was 93% in comparison with histology while its positive and negative predictive values were 97% and 84%, respectively. Comparison of ^14C UBT with rapid urease test gives an accuracy of 96%, with positive and negative predictive values of 95% and 97%, respectively. These results were highly reproducible with a Kappa test （P value 〈 0.001）. Cost of histology or rapid urease test with gastroscopy was 110 USD or 95 USD respectively while the cost of UBT was 15 USD.CONCLUSION： Microdose ^14C UBT was comparable to histology and rapid urease test. ^14C UBT is an economical, self sufficient and suitable test to diagnose active Hpylori infection in less developed countries.

TAXONOMIC STATUS OF CAR BACILLUS BASED ON THE SMALL SUBUNIT RIBOSOMAL RNA SEQUENCES

In an attempt to identify the taxonomic relationship between CAR bacillus and other bacteria, the SSU rRNA gene sequences of two CAR bacillus strains, CBM and CBR isolated from mice and rats respectively were used in the present studies. The SSU rRNA gene sequences, approximately 1. 5 kb in size amplified from genomic DNAs from both strains, were determined and 96. 8% homologies were found to exist between them. Those sequences were aligned to most eubacteria with a computer search showing high homology with those of Flavobacter/Flexibacter species especially closed to Fx. sancti and Fv. ferrugineum.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CAR bacillus belongs to a species close to Fx. sancti and Fv. ferrugineum subdivision.

Serum pepsinogen Ⅱ is a better diagnostic marker in gastric cancer

AIM:To investigate screening makers for gastric cancer,we assessed the association between gastric cancer and serum pepsinogens(PGs).METHODS:The subjects comprised 450 patients with gastric cancer,111 individuals with gastric atrophy,and 961 healthy controls.Serum anti-Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) immunoglobulin G(IgG),PGⅠand PG Ⅱ were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Gastric atrophy and gastric cancer were diagnosed by endoscopy and histopathological examinations.Odds ratios and 95%CIs were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS:Rates of H.pylori infection remained high in Northeastern China.Rates of H.pylori IgG positivity were greater in the gastric cancer and gastric atrophy groups compared to the control group(69.1% and 75.7% vs 49.7%,P < 0.001).Higher levels of PG Ⅱ(15.9 μg/L and 13.9 μg/L vs 11.5 μg/L,P < 0.001) and lower PGⅠ/PG Ⅱ ratio(5.4 and 4.6 vs 8.4,P < 0.001) were found in patients with gastric cancer or gastric atrophy compared to healthy controls,whereas no correlation was found between the plasma PGⅠconcentration and risk of gastric cancer(P = 0.537).In addition,multivariate logistic analysis indicated that H.pylori infection and atrophic gastritis were independent risk factors for gastric cancer.Lower plasma PGⅠ/PG Ⅱ ratio was associated with higher risks of atrophy and gastric cancer.Furthermore,plasma PG Ⅱ?level?significantly?correlated?with?H.pyloriinfected gastric cancer.CONCLUSION:Serum PG Ⅱ concentration and PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio are potential biomarkers for H.pyloriinfected gastric disease.PG Ⅱ is independently associated with risk of gastric cancer.