球红假单胞菌对活性炭的降解转化

以活性炭作为含碳金矿中碳质物的替代物,研究了球红假单胞菌对其的降解转化及吸金能力的影响.通过正交试验确定了球红假单胞菌降解活性炭的最优工艺组合:粒度<74μm、炭浆质量分数5%、降解时间14 d、菌液用量1 m L/100 m L,此时活性炭的降解率高达28.35%.金吸附性试验表明,球红假单胞菌可使活性炭的吸金能力降低11.46%.球红假单胞菌使活性炭的微晶结构发生变化;一些芳环结构被破坏;含氧基团和芳香族结构的数量增多.这说明球红假单胞菌在降低碳质物劫金性方面是一种有效微生物.

Absorption capacity of major urban afforestation species in north-eastern China to heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere

Totally 24 arbor tree species and 6 shrub species were measured on their absorption capacities to heavy metal Pb, Cd, Cr, and Hg by collecting and analyzing the leaves of trees along different streets in Harbin city in Sept. to Oct. of 2003. The results showed that all the measured species had certain absorbency to the pollutants (Pb, Cd, Cr and Hg), but there existed significant difference in absorption capacity for different species to different pollutants. The measured tree species were classified into three categories by their absorption quantum of heavy metal pollutants. Among the species measured,Betula platyphylla, Ulmus pumila var.pendula, andPrunus persicaf.rubro-plena had high capacity in absorbing Pb;Populus xiahei, P. nigra var.Italica, P. alba x P. berolinensis andSalix matsudana had had high capacity in absorbing Cd;Phellodendron amurense, Syringa oblata, Salix matsudana, Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis, Picea koraiensis, Prunus persica f.rubro-plena, P. triloba andAcer negundo, etc. had high capacity in absorption of Cr;Prunus triloba, Quercus mongolica, Salix matsudana, Sambucus williamsii, Pyrus ussuuriensis andSpiraea fritschiana were good at absorption of Hg. This study might offer scientific foundation for selection of urban afforestation species in different polluted conditions caused by heavy metals. Keywords Greening tree species - Heavy metal - Pollutants - Plumbum - Cadmium - Chromium - Mercury - Absorptivity CLC number S731.2 - X501 Document code A Foundation item: This study is financially supported by the Special Programme for Agriculture under Ministry of Chinese Science and Technology (No. 2002BA516A15-01).Biography: MU Li-qiang (1966-), female, Associate professor in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Zhu Hong

Comparison of Absorption Capacity of Different Flue-cured Tobacco Cultivars for Six Kinds of Heavy Metals

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the differences in absorption capacity of different flue-cured tobacco cultivars for chromium （Cr）, arsenic （As）, cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb）, mercury （Hg） and copper （Cu）. [Method] With 4 flue-cured tobacco cultivars as the experimental materials, their absorption capacity for 6 kinds of heavy metals was compared by pot experiment. [Result] There were great differences in absorption capacity of different flue-cured tobacco cultivars for the six kinds of heavy metals. According to the absorption capacity of different flue-cured tobacco cultivars for the heavy metals, the six heavy metals could be classified into three categories. The first category included only Cd with average enrichment coefficient of 8.564; the second category included Hg with average enrichment coefficient of 0.753; and the third category included Cr, As, Pb and Cu with average enrichment coefficients below or equivalent to 0.114. [Conclusion] The absorption capacity of different flue-cured tobacco cultivars for heavy metals was grasped by this study, thereby providing reference data for screening of high-yielding and high-quality flue-cured tobacco cultivars.

Absorptive Capacities for Sustainability Technologies:Perspectives from the BRICS and China

For the development process in the rapidly growing economies, knowledge transfer and technology cooperation are becoming important issues. Research and technological competences are key indicators for the absorptive capacity of sustainability technologies and for the ability to export them. These issues are analyzed empirically for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). Sustainability related research in BRICS is mostly carried out within broader, more sector oriented programmes. Specialization patterns of international patents and in foreign trade indicate various strengths and weaknesses of the BRICS countries. The differences within the countries imply that the analysis must proceed at a technology specific level. China has considerable capabilities in technologies such as photovoltaics, solar thermal or buildings. There is a strong need for strategic positioning of the countries and for coordination of the various policy fields involved.

ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF ACTIVATED CARBON FIBER FABRIC IN CYANIDE LEACHING LIQUOR OF GOLD ORES

Adsorption capacity of ACFF in cyanide leaching liquor of gold ores was studied with cyanide leaching liquor of gold ores, containing various kinds of ions. The adsorbed leaching liquor was analyzed by atomic emission spectroscopy and colorimetric method. The contents of various kinds of ions in ACFF were determined with X-ray photoctron spectroscopy. ACFF not only adsorbed gold but also adsorbed arsenic, nickel, zinc, calcium, sulphur, bismuth, copper, iron, silver and cyanide anion. Atomic percentage of C and those of O, N, Zn, Fe increase and decrease respectively with the increase of the layer depth, while those of Ca, Au, Ag keep constant.

Recovery of Gold from Aqueous Solution Containing Au（Ⅲ） by Silicon Organic Polymer

The silicon organic polymer containing PSOT-3 （dioxothiocarbamide groups） has been synthesized and characterized, and the adsorption of Au（III） on PSOT-3 was investigated. The results showed that PSOT-3 had good adsorption capacity for Au（III）, and the adsorption of Au（III） was found to be the most effective in 0.1-0.3 mol/dm^3 hydrochloric acid solution. The adsorption is physical and the process is endothermic, and Freundlich isotherm fits the data better than the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption can be generally described by electrostatic interaction （Coulomb＇s force） between the adsorbent and the adsorbate. The high adsorption capacity of this sorbent has significant potential for gold recovery from aqueous solutions.

The Influence of the Foreign Companies in Developing the Technological Absorption Capacity of the Romanian Economy During the Current Financial Crisis

Creating companies abroad, in ex-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, has experienced a strong progression, following the amplification process of globalization of world markets, intensification of international trade and technological development. We are witnessing a regional disparity regarding the volume of foreign investments in this area, which is due to the difference of attractiveness of host countries economy. The attractiveness of these economies is conditioned, in its turn, by the importance of economic factors and the quality of existing infrastructures, which is at their turn facing an increasing complexity of technology. Business relocation of foreign investors is influenced also by the institutional environment, because foreign investors hope to capitalize on the collateral effects offered by the investment environment in the host country, such as research laboratories and existing infrastructure, without neglecting the benefits of a highly qualified workforce at reduced costs, some geopolitical advantages, etc.. After EU accession, the attractiveness index of business environment in Romania has increased from （-59%） in 2005 to 66% （2008）, and Romania was considered among the most attractive economies in Central and Eastern Europe, along with Russia where the attractiveness index increased from 63% （2007） to 72% （2008） and Ukraine which has seen an increase in the attractiveness index of the business environment from 56% （2007） to 67% （2008）. This paper aims to highlight the positive effects induced by international business companies in assessing technological absorption capacity of the Romanian economy and to provide economic analysis of the ＂cause-effect＂ link between the attractiveness of the Romanian economy-governance--the intake of foreign investment straight to the active processing export of Romania under the impact of the overall effects of international financial crisis.

USING FLY ASH TO STUDY ON THE MECHANISM OF THE ABSORPTION OF HEAVY METAL IONS IN WASTEWATER

Using the method of sedentary thermal experiment, the use of fly ash to remove Zn 2+ ,Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ in waste water was studied. Special attention was paid to the effects of pH and time degree of activity on absorbing ability. The freundlich model applicable to the absorption data was set. Also the mechanism of absorption and ultra micro structure of fly ash with the help of TEM was put forward.

Cu2O-Au Nanocomposites with Novel Structures and Remarkable Chemisorption Capacity and Photocatalytic Activity

The decomposition of Cull nanoparticles in aqueous solution has been successfully developed as a novel method for the preparation of Cu2O nanoparticles. In particular, we found that the decomposition of Cull nanoparticles in aqueous solution could be catalyzed by Au colloids, forming CU2O-Au nanocomposites. The composition and structure of the resulting Cu2O-Au nanocomposites have been characterized in detail by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Their visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity toward various dye molecules has also been investigated. Depending on the Au：Cu ratio, Cu20-Au nanocomposites exhibit different novel nanostructures including a beautiful flower-like nanostructure that consists of polycrystalline Cu2O, amorphous Cu2O and Au colloids. We propose that the rapidly-generated bubbles of H2 during the course of the catalytic decomposition reaction drive the simultaneously-formed Cu2O to form amorphous curved thin foils and might also act as a template to assemble curved thin foils of amorphous Cu2O, polycrystalline Cu2O and Au colloids into uniform nanostructures. A Cu2O-Au nanocomposite with a Cu：Au ratio of 40 exhibits remarkable chemisorption capacity and visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity towards methyl orange and acid orange 7 and is a promising chemisorption-photocatalysis integrated catalyst. The catalytic decomposition of the metal hydride might open up a new approach for the fabrication of other metal/metal oxide nanocomposites with novel nanostructures and properties.