吸附电解氧化法处理印染助剂JFC废水的研究

采用吸附电解氧化法对印染助剂JFC废水的处理进行了研究 ,并获得适宜的工艺参数 :电流强度为 5 0 0mA ,废水停留时间为 30min ,pH的 6.5 试验表明 :与电解氧化法相比 ,吸附电解氧化法能够使JFC废水的CODCr去除率提高 62 .7% ,使活性炭纤维的再生周期延长 4倍 ,同时也降低了能耗 因此 。

吸附电解氧化法处理印染废水的研究

采用附电解氧化法对印染废水的处理进行了研究，获得适宜工艺参数：电流强度为400mA，废水停留时间为25rain，pH为6．0-7．0。试验表明：吸附电解氧化法能够使印染废水的CODcr 的去除率提高，使活性炭颗粒的再生周期延长。同时，从技术和经济上论证采用电解絮凝一吸附电解氧化法串联工艺处理印染废水的可行性，因此吸附电解氧化法在废水处理中具有一定的实用意义。

混凝沉降—微电解—氧化—吸附法处理高COD_(Cr)气田水

气田水矿化度通常为几万至十余万mg/L ,CODCr值一般在 5 0 0mg/L左右 ,由于采气过程中各种油田化学剂的使用 ,可使CODCr值高达数千mg/L。文章以川中角 5 3井气田水为研究对象 ,实验研究了高CODCr值气田水的处理方法 ,首次将微电解技术用于气田水的处理 ,采用混凝沉降—微电解—氧化—吸附工艺处理高CODCr值气田水 ,并筛选出最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明 ,该法可使原水CODCr值从 15 6 7mg/L降至 15 0mg/L以下 ,出水各项指标均达到排放标准。

金矿石堆浸活性炭吸附解吸电解一体化新装置的研制与应用

针对金矿石堆浸生产中原有的活性炭吸附、解吸、电解工艺中存在的问题 ,成功地研制出了吸附解吸电解一体化装置。该装置已在四川省的某些金矿堆浸场投入使用 ,其吸附率在 99%以上 ,解吸率在 98%以上 ,电解率在 99%以上 ,解吸电解时间 10～12h ,解吸电解成本只相当于委托外加工费的 14。

穿流式电解-吸附原位耦合强化染料降解与机理分析

为了提高电化学氧化效率,在阴阳两极间隙填充不同类型的吸附材料,设计了一种原位集成的穿流式电解-吸附耦合反应器(EA-R),并选取了典型染料酸性红G(ARG)作为模拟污染物。结果表明,电解耦合PANI/TiO_(2)吸附对ARG模拟废水呈现较好的处理效果,脱色率和COD去除率远高于单独电解处理。同时,发现电解和PANI/TiO_(2)吸附之间存在协同效应。将四种常用填料(石英砂、天然沸石、焦炭和活性炭)分别与PANI/TiO_(2)均匀混合,以降低废水穿流阻力,提高EA-R渗水能力。结果表明,四种电解-吸附模式均具有协同效应,其中填充PANI/TiO_(2)+焦炭的EA-R对废水脱色和COD去除呈现最大协同系数(Sc),分别为62.5%和61.7%,同时相比与单独电解处理单位COD能耗下降65.3%。UV-Vis、FT-IR和GC-MS分析表明,ARG在电解过程中的降解机理非常复杂,包括氧化还原、电化学聚合、相互反应等,其中ARG分子偶氮双键更易受到破坏,导致废水脱色显著。

不同因素对纳米TiO2半导体染料电解吸附的影响实验

纳米TiO2半导体染料作为太阳能电池的重要原料,其电解吸附性能直接决定太阳能电池的效能。针对纳米TiO2半导体染料敏化剂在电解吸附中存在诸多影响因素,进而制约了太阳能电池的光电转化率问题,以纳米TiO2半导体染料和N719为原料,采用三电极体系探讨在不同电解温度、电解时间、电解吸附液浓度和薄膜厚度等因素下的吸附量,并通过Langmiur温吸附理论,构建动力学方程,进而得到纳米TiO2表面染料分子电解吸附的内在机理,即可以通过调节以上因素来控制其反应的速率。

银电解生产工艺的改进

通过对银电解生产过程电解液吸附方式与阴极导电方式进行改进 ,既增加了有效的生产作业时间 ,又解决了原导电方式铆耳易松动、脱落等缺陷 ,降低了电解电耗 ,提高了电效 .

热电池用氮化硼纤维基复合隔膜的研制及性能研究

以氮化硼纤维平纹布为载体,用前驱体转化法在平纹布内部均匀复合纳米氧化镁颗粒,制备出了氮化硼纤维基复合隔膜。用SEM、厚度测试、热处理、TG-DSC、电解液吸附能力测试等手段研究了复合隔膜的结构、稳定性及电解液吸附能力。研究表明:所制备的复合隔膜结构致密,厚度为300μm左右,内部均匀复合纳米氧化镁颗粒,具有良好的高温稳定性能。复合处理工艺能够显著提高隔膜的电解液吸附能力和保持能力,电解液吸附率达160%以上。

Electron Attachment Studies for CHCl3 Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry

The dissociative electron attachment process for CHCl3 at different electric field have been studied with nitrogen as drift and carrier gas using corona discharge ionization source ion mobility spectrometry （CD-IMS）. The corresponding electron attachment rate constants varied from 1.26×10-8 cm3/（molecules s） to 8.24×10-9 cm3/（molecules s） as the electric field changed from 200 V/cm to 500 V/cm. At a fixed electric field in the drift region, the attachment rate constants are also detected at different sample concentration. The ionmolecule reaction rate constants for the further reaction between Cl^- and CHCl3 are also detected, which indicates that the technique maybe becomes a new method to research the rate constants between ions and neural molecules. And the reaction rate constants between Cl- and CHCl3 are the first time detected using CD-IMS.

吸附-电解协同法处理铜氨络合废水

针对铜氨络合废水处理难度大、工艺复杂等问题,提出了吸附-电解协同处理的新方法。以模拟铜氨络合废水为研究对象,考察了电解时间、电流密度、电解温度等因素对电解法的影响;并以此为基础,将改性油酸吸附剂涂覆在阴极表面,采用正交试验方法研究了吸附-电解联合处理铜氨络合废水的协同作用。结果表明,吸附-电解协同法在电流密度为0.01 A/cm2时对铜氨络合废水处理15 min,即可使铜离子去除率达到93%以上,电流密度小、处理时间短且电流效率明显提高。

试纸法检测ACP

精斑(seminal stain)是检验强奸案的常用物证,因此做好精斑检验十分重要。ACP试验以其灵敏度极高(1/2万)和简便、直观而成为基层法医物症检验人员最常用的精斑预试验方法,但其缓冲液及显色剂的配制很繁琐,并且,容易失效(4℃冰箱中的储存期为半个月左右),需经常配制,至使试剂的使用效率极低,造成药品的浪费。 笔者通过多次试验,证明定性滤纸具有吸水性强,均匀吸附电解质,易干燥等特点,可将ACP试验用试剂吸附于定性滤纸上,凉干,得到ACP试纸。现将该试纸的制作、使用方法及优点介绍如下:

火电厂循环水无药剂化处理技术应用研究

提出了循环水完全无药剂化且经济环保处理的理念,将低压电解除垢、电解、电吸附、高压静电水处理技术合理组合,并充分利用各技术的独特优势,设计形成一种新的循环水处理技术——电解吸附融合技术。相比于单一的物理阻垢技术,电解吸附融合技术处理循环水时在降碱度、降硬度、电解Cl-、脱盐、对水分子的偶极作用等方面的处理效果均有明显提高,既能保证阻垢、防腐及杀菌效果,又能大幅降低循环水排污水的回用难度,是一种真正的绿色环保技术。

Effects of Organic Anions on Phosphate Adsorption and Desorption from Variable-Charge Clay Minerals and Soil

Effects of citrate and tartrate on phosphate adsorption and desorption from kaolinite, goethite, amorphous Al-oxide and Ultisol were studied. P adsorption was significantly decreased as the concentration of the organic anions increased from 10-5 to 10-1 M. At 0.1 M and pH 7.0, tartrate decreased P adsorption by 27.6% - 50.6% and citrate by 37.9 - 80.4%, depending on the kinds of adsorbent. Little Al and/ or Fe were detected in the equilibrium solutions, even at the highest concentration of the organic anions. Effects of the organic anions on phosphate adsorption follow essentially the competitive adsorption mechanism.The selectivity coefficients for competitive adsorption can be used to compare the effectiveness of different organic anions in reducing P adsorption under given conditions.Phosphate desorption was increased by 3 to 100 times in the presence of 0.001 M citrate or tartrate compared to that in 0.02 M KC1 solution alone. However, for all the soil and clay minerals studied the amount of P desorbed by citrate or tartrate was generally lower than or close to that of isotopically exchangeable P. The effect of organic anions on phosphate desorption arises primarily from ligand exchange.

Sb(Ⅴ) removal from copper electrorefining electrolyte: Comparative study by different sorbents

Removal of Sb（V） from copper electrolyte by different sorbents such as activated carbon, bentonite, kaolin, resin, zeolite and white sand was investigated. Adsorption capacity of Sb（V） removal from copper electrolyte was as follows： white sand 〈 anionic resin 〈 zeolite 〈 kaolin 〈 activated carbon 〈 bentonite. Bentonite was characterized using FTIR, XRF, XRD, SEM and BET methods. The results show specific surface area of 95 m2/g and particles size of 175 nm for bentonite. The optimum conditions for the maximum removal of Sb are contact time 10 min, 4 g bentonite and temperature of 40 ° C. The adsorption of Sb（V） on bentonite is followed by pseudo-second-order kinetic （R2=0.996 and k=9×10？5 g/（mg· min））. Thermodynamic results reveal that the adsorption of Sb（V） onto bentonite from copper electrolyte is endothermic and spontaneous process （ΔGΘ=？4806 kJ/（mol· K）. The adsorption data fit both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Bentonite has the maximum adsorption capacity of 10000 mg/g for adsorption of Sb（V） in copper electrolyte. The adsorption of Zn, Co, Cu and Bi that present in the copper electrolyte is very low and insignificant.

Synergetic effects for p-nitrophenol abatement using a combinedactivated carbon adsorption-electrooxidation process

A novel fluidized electrochemical reactor that integrated advanced electrochemical oxidation with activated carbon (AC) fluidization in a single cell was developed to model pollutant p-nitrophenol (PNP) abatement. AC fluidization could enhance COD removal by 22%-30%. In such a combined process, synergetic effects on PNP and COD removal was found, with their removal rate being enhanced by 137.8% and 97.8%, respectively. AC could be electrochemically regenerated and reused, indicating the combined process would be promising for treatment of biorefractory organic pollutants.

Adsorption of hexavalent chromium onto kaolin clay based adsorbent

A low-cost adsorbent modified kaolin clay(MKC) was synthesized and utilized for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. Adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of adsorbent dosage, solution pH, Cr(VI) mass concentration, contact time, electrolyte, and temperature. It is found that the adsorption efficiency is high within a wide pH range of 2.5-11.5, and equilibrium is achieved within 180 min. Increases in temperature and electrolyte concentration decrease the adsorption. The adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm shows better fit than Freundlich isotherm. The maximum uptake capacities calculated from the Langmuir model are 15.82, 15.55 and 15.22 mg/g at 298, 308 and 318 K, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters reveals the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption. The FTIR study indicates that hydroxyl groups, NH4+ ions and NO3- ions on MKC surface play a key role in Cr(VI) adsorption. The Cr(VI) desorbability of 86.53% is achieved at a Na2CO3 solution. The results show that MKC is suitable as a low-cost adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal which has higher adsorption capacity and faster adsorption rate at pH close to that where pollutants are usually found in the environment.

Kinetics of K Desorption from Soils in a Constant Electric Field (Electro-Ultrafiltration) and Its Application

Kdesorption from soils in a constant electric field(field strength:44.5Vcm-1) by means of electro-ultrafil-tration (EUF) followed second-order kinetics and could be described by the equation dd/dt = k(D-d)2. From theequation, such kinetic parameters relating to K desorption from soils as the maximum desorbable quantity D, quantity of K desorbed within 40 minutes d40, initial desorption rate Vo, desorption rate constant k and half-time t1/2 could be calculated. An expression which describes the relationships between the kinetic parameters on the one hand and the responses of barley to fertilizer-K in the field experiments in different sites and the potassium-supplying power of soils on the other was established. Vo, D and d40 were significantly correlated with barley relative yield, K uptake by barley and the content of soil available potassium. The rate constants of K desorption varied between 4.42 × 10-4-1.80 × 10-3kg mg-1 min-1 and highly correlated with the relative yield of barley. The kinetic parameters including Vo, D, d40 and k were successfully used to estimate the K-supplying power of soils.

Synthesis of novel silica-supported chelating resin containing tert-butyl 2-picolyamino-N-acetate and its properties for selective adsorption of copper from simulated nickel electrolyte

A novel silica-supported tert-butyl 2-picolyamino-N-acetate chelating resin (Si-AMPY-1) was successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, SEM and 13 C CP/MAS NMR. The adsorption behaviors of the Si-AMPY-1 resin for Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) were studied with batch and column methods. The batch experiments indicated that the Si-AMPY-1 resin adsorbed Ni(Ⅱ) mainly via physisorption, while adsorbed Cu(II) via chemisorption. The column dynamic breakthrough curves revealed thatthe Si-AMPY-1 resin can efficiently separate Cu(Ⅱ) from the simulated nickel electrolyte before the breakthrough point. Moreover, the concentration of Cu(Ⅱ) in the column effluent was decreased to be less than 3 mg/L within the first 43 BV (bed volumes), and the mass ratio of Cu/Ni was 21:1 in the saturated resin, which completely satisfied the industrial requirements of the nickel electrorefining process. Therefore, it was concluded that the Si-AMPY-1 resin can be a promising candidate for the deep removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from the nickel electrolyte.

某钨矿选矿废水处理及回用试验研究

某钨矿选矿过程中加入了大量硅酸钠和其他浮选药剂,造成了尾矿沉降缓慢,选矿废水黏度大,废水中TAs、CODCr等指标超标无法外排等问题,而且将此尾矿澄清水回用到选矿中,浮选指标严重恶化。针对此问题,本文对该钨矿选矿废水进行了脱稳除硅试验和除砷降CODCr试验,试验结果表明,“石灰沉淀-铁碳微电解-吸附材料吸附”工艺处理该钨矿选矿废水效果明显,处理后的废水后液中TAs与CODCr指标均可达到国家地表水Ⅱ类水质标准,将其返回选矿流程,选矿指标接近清水指标。