The relationship between the growth and nutrient uptake by perennial crop such as pepper is poorly understood and improved understanding of such relationship is important for the establishment of rational crop managem...The relationship between the growth and nutrient uptake by perennial crop such as pepper is poorly understood and improved understanding of such relationship is important for the establishment of rational crop management practices. In order to characterize the growth performance and quantify the nutrient removed, this study presents results of three consecutive cropping years, fertilized with 1, 2 and 3 ton ha1 of NPK fertilizer respectively. Plant biomass accumulated was evaluated every two months, separating plant into stems, branches, leaves, berries, fruit spikes and flowers. Total biomass of pepper increased linearly and reach maximum at 22 months after planting. Thereafter, a decrease in dry matter was observed due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest. However, at the 28 months of planting, the biomass of pepper vine showing some increasing trend indicating the vegetative growth was reassumed for the next flowering. At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium. Based on data obtained, the nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient applied suggested that fertilizer had been overused for pepper production. In light of these results obtained, the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year.展开更多
A magnesia adsorbent was prepared from straw pulp black liquor and magnesium sulfate for the first time, and its adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution was examined. The characteristics of the adsorbent were teste...A magnesia adsorbent was prepared from straw pulp black liquor and magnesium sulfate for the first time, and its adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution was examined. The characteristics of the adsorbent were tested through chemical analysis, surface analysis, X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. The effects of various factors, such as dose, adsorption time and adsorption temperature, on phenol adsorption behavior were studied. The results show that the adsorption processes can be fitted to the isotherm Langmuir model very well. It was found that the adsorption process was strongly influenced by temperature and the optimal temperature for phenol removal was 40 ℃. The optimum adsorption time was 10 min, and desorption would happen afterwards. Between the models of Langmuir and Freundlich, the adsorption process of phenol onto magnesia fitted the Langmuir equation better.展开更多
Acidic black 10B dye wastewater was treated by chemical oxidation and adsorption of activated carbon fixed bed and all kinds of influential factors of removal CODcr were discussed. When the initial concentration of th...Acidic black 10B dye wastewater was treated by chemical oxidation and adsorption of activated carbon fixed bed and all kinds of influential factors of removal CODcr were discussed. When the initial concentration of the dye was 150 mg/L, CODer was 432 mg/L and chrome was 2800 times, the appropriate conditions determined by the experiment were as follows： r（NaC10）--4.84 g/L, 25 min, pH=6, height of activated carbon fixed bed was 10 cm. Under these conditions, the decolorizing rate can come up to about 100% and total removed rate of CODer reached at 89.6%. Comparison of UV-Vis adsorption spectrums before and after treatment showed that decomposition effects of chemical oxidation and adsorption of activated carbon fixed bed on acidic black 10B dye wastewater were satisfactory.展开更多
Super P carbon black (SPCB) has been widely used as a conducting additive in Li/Na ion batteries to improve the electronic conductivity. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive study on its structure and elect...Super P carbon black (SPCB) has been widely used as a conducting additive in Li/Na ion batteries to improve the electronic conductivity. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive study on its structure and electrochemical properties for Li/Na ion uptake, though it is important to characterize its contribution in any study of active materials that uses this additive in non-negligible amounts. In this article the structure of SPCB has been characterized and a comprehensive study on the electrochemical Li/Na ion uptake capability and reaction mechanisms are reported. SPCB exhibits a considerable lithiation capacity (up to 310 mAh g^(–1)) from the Li ion intercalation in the graphite structure. Sodiation in SPCB undergoes two stages: Na ion intercalation into the layers between the graphene sheets and the Na plating in the pores between the nano-graphitic domains, and a sodiation capacity up to 145 mAh g^(–1) has been achieved. Moreover, the influence of the type and content of binders on the lithiation and sodiation properties has been investigated. The cycling stability is much enhanced with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) binder in the electrode and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte; and a higher content of binder improves the Coulombic efficiency during dis-/charge.展开更多
文摘The relationship between the growth and nutrient uptake by perennial crop such as pepper is poorly understood and improved understanding of such relationship is important for the establishment of rational crop management practices. In order to characterize the growth performance and quantify the nutrient removed, this study presents results of three consecutive cropping years, fertilized with 1, 2 and 3 ton ha1 of NPK fertilizer respectively. Plant biomass accumulated was evaluated every two months, separating plant into stems, branches, leaves, berries, fruit spikes and flowers. Total biomass of pepper increased linearly and reach maximum at 22 months after planting. Thereafter, a decrease in dry matter was observed due to fruit export and fallen leaves at harvest. However, at the 28 months of planting, the biomass of pepper vine showing some increasing trend indicating the vegetative growth was reassumed for the next flowering. At 30 months, the pepper had removed 293.08 kg of nitrogen, 46.41 kg of phosphorus, 264.95 kg of potassium, 35.4 kg of magnesium and 74.82 kg of calcium. Based on data obtained, the nutrient uptake rates were lower than nutrient applied suggested that fertilizer had been overused for pepper production. In light of these results obtained, the optimum fertilizer dosage would be 62-10-62-6-18 kg/ha, 237-22-246-22-65 kg/ha and 390-62-352-47-100 kg/ha of N-P-K-Mg-Ca for the year 1, year 2 and year 3 of cropping year.
基金the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20477041)
文摘A magnesia adsorbent was prepared from straw pulp black liquor and magnesium sulfate for the first time, and its adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution was examined. The characteristics of the adsorbent were tested through chemical analysis, surface analysis, X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy. The effects of various factors, such as dose, adsorption time and adsorption temperature, on phenol adsorption behavior were studied. The results show that the adsorption processes can be fitted to the isotherm Langmuir model very well. It was found that the adsorption process was strongly influenced by temperature and the optimal temperature for phenol removal was 40 ℃. The optimum adsorption time was 10 min, and desorption would happen afterwards. Between the models of Langmuir and Freundlich, the adsorption process of phenol onto magnesia fitted the Langmuir equation better.
文摘Acidic black 10B dye wastewater was treated by chemical oxidation and adsorption of activated carbon fixed bed and all kinds of influential factors of removal CODcr were discussed. When the initial concentration of the dye was 150 mg/L, CODer was 432 mg/L and chrome was 2800 times, the appropriate conditions determined by the experiment were as follows： r（NaC10）--4.84 g/L, 25 min, pH=6, height of activated carbon fixed bed was 10 cm. Under these conditions, the decolorizing rate can come up to about 100% and total removed rate of CODer reached at 89.6%. Comparison of UV-Vis adsorption spectrums before and after treatment showed that decomposition effects of chemical oxidation and adsorption of activated carbon fixed bed on acidic black 10B dye wastewater were satisfactory.
基金supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC), Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanicsthe “A Green Deal in Energy Materials” (ADEM) grant funded by Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and ADEM industrial partners
文摘Super P carbon black (SPCB) has been widely used as a conducting additive in Li/Na ion batteries to improve the electronic conductivity. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive study on its structure and electrochemical properties for Li/Na ion uptake, though it is important to characterize its contribution in any study of active materials that uses this additive in non-negligible amounts. In this article the structure of SPCB has been characterized and a comprehensive study on the electrochemical Li/Na ion uptake capability and reaction mechanisms are reported. SPCB exhibits a considerable lithiation capacity (up to 310 mAh g^(–1)) from the Li ion intercalation in the graphite structure. Sodiation in SPCB undergoes two stages: Na ion intercalation into the layers between the graphene sheets and the Na plating in the pores between the nano-graphitic domains, and a sodiation capacity up to 145 mAh g^(–1) has been achieved. Moreover, the influence of the type and content of binders on the lithiation and sodiation properties has been investigated. The cycling stability is much enhanced with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) binder in the electrode and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte; and a higher content of binder improves the Coulombic efficiency during dis-/charge.
