地球化学研究与人类疾病——以肺癌的发生与元素生物-地球化学行为周期性变化的关系为例

元素地球化学行为统计上周期性变化的规律研究,衍生出“大凡一切元素的化学行为统计量必呈周期性变化趋势”的科学猜想。用地球化学研究方法,对已发表的各类肺癌、癌旁和正常组织的几十种元素含量的算术平均值数据进行了计算机处理,结果证实了关于元素任意生物-地球化学行为在统计上必定会出现周期性变化的普遍规律,周期性变化趋势尽管有偏差,但和门捷列夫元素周期律基本吻合。研究表明该方法可成功地区分出元素生物地球化学周期性行为-第一电离能型和元素生物地球化学周期性行为-离子型两类元素,后一种类型元素与肺癌关联度较大,在肺组织中的迁移、分布、赋存方式与肺癌的发生有密切的病理学关系。按照系统论的观点,用表征元素生物地球化学行为的重要参数-相似度,和Ni+Cu+Pb/Fe+Zn构建的协变图,成功地划分出肺癌、癌旁和正常组织元素分布的区域。

3D modeling for effect of tool eccentricity on coupled thermal and material flow characteristics during friction stir welding

A novel three-dimensional numerical model is proposed to investigate the effect of tool eccentricity on the coupled thermal and material flow characteristics in friction stir welding(FSW) process.An asymmetrical boundary condition at the tool-workpiece interface,and the dynamic mesh technique are both employed for the consideration of the tool eccentricity during tool rotating.It is found that tool eccentricity induces the periodical variation of the heat densities both at the tool-workpiece interface and inside the shear layer,but the fluctuation amplitudes of the heat density variations are limited.However,it is demonstrated that tool eccentricity results in significant variation of the material flow behavior in one tool rotating period.Moreover,the material velocity variation at the retreating side is particularly important for the formation of the periodic characteristics in FSW.The modeling result is found to be in good agreement with the experimental one.

哲学原理在证券投资中的指导意义

笔者通过介绍"肯定否定规律""对立统一规律""现象与本质"及"偶然与必然"等哲学原理,揭示了多数股民在股市投资中容易出现的问题及容易忽略的思路,进而阐述了哲学思维对股票投资的指导意义。

Globular adiponectin induces differentiation and fusion of skeletal muscle cells

The growing interest in skeletal muscle regeneration is associated with the opening of new therapeutic strategies for muscle injury after trauma, as well as several muscular degenerative pathologies, including dystrophies, muscu- lar atrophy, and cachexia. Studies focused on the ability of extracellular factors to promote myogenesis are therefore highly promising. We now report that an adipocyte-derived factor, globular adiponectin （gAd）, is able to induce mus- cle gene expression and cell differentiation, gAd, besides its well-known ability to regulate several metabolic func- tions in muscle, including glucose uptake and consumption and fatty acid catabolism, is able to block cell cycle entry of myoblasts, to induce the expression of specific skeletal muscle markers such as myosin heavy chain or caveolin-3, as well as to provoke cell fusion into multinucleated syncytia and, finally, muscle fibre formation, gAd exerts its pro- differentiative activity through redox-dependent activation of p38, Akt and 5＇-AMP-activated protein kinase path- ways. Interestingly, differentiating myoblasts are autocrine for adiponectin, and the mimicking of pro-inflammatory settings or exposure to oxidative stress strongly increases the production of the hormone from differentiating cells. These data suggest a novel function of adiponectin, directly coordinating the myogenic differentiation program and serving an autocrine function during skeletal myogenesis.

Anti-periodic traveling wave solution to a forced two-dimensional generalized KdV-Burgers equation

The anti-periodic traveling wave solutions to a forced two-dimensional generalized KdV-Burgers equation are studied. Some theorems concerning the boundness, existence and uniqueness of the solution to this equation are proved.

STOCHASTIC MODEL OF PERIODIC OPERATION PERFORMANCE FOR THE CONTINUOUS COUNTER－CURRENT ADSORPTION PROCESS

A stochastic model is developed to predict the peniodic operation performance ofthe continuous counter-current adsorption process. The model takes into account theeffects of random backmixing of particles, axial dispersion of liquid phase, liquid- film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion and panticle shape, and can revealclearly the behavior of solid and liquid phase in adsorption process. The simulation results agree with the experimental data rather well.

Enterprises＇ inventory Fluctuations Useful in Monitoring the Economic Cycle

It has been demonstrated by both domestic and international theories and empirical studies that inventory fluctuations are cyclical in nature, which makes it useful in monitoring how the economy is currently operating. Based on a survey o foyer 5,000 enterprises conducted by the People＇s Bank of China, we have attempted to compile a finished goods inventory index of the 5,000 enterprises. Through our analysis, we are able to determine that the 5,000 enterprises inventory index displays the basic features of pro-cyclicality and fits the business cycle with a lag of one quarter. Currently, the inventory index shows signs of declining after five consecutive months of increases, indicating that the expansion of enterprises＇production is temporarily slowing down.

Stability of motion state and bifurcation properties of planetary gear train

A nonlinear lateral-torsional coupled vibration model of a planetary gear system was established by taking transmission errors,time varying meshing stiffness and multiple gear backlashes into account.The bifurcation diagram of the system's motion state with rotational speed of sun gear was conducted through four steps.As a bifurcation parameter,the effect of rotational speed on the bifurcation properties of the system was assessed.The study results reveal that periodic motion is the main motion state of planetary gear train in low speed region when ns<2 350 r/min,but chaos motion state is dominant in high speed region when ns>2 350 r/min,The way of periodic motion to chaos is doubling bifurcation.There are two kinds of unstable modes and nine unstable regions in the speed region when 1 000 r/min<ns<3 000 r/min.

Periodic Traveling Wave Solution to a Forced Two-Dimensional Generalized KdV-Burgers Equation

We study the periodic traveling wave solutions to a forced two-dimensional generalized KdV-Burgers equation， Some theorems concerning the boundness, existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved，

Second-order two-scale method for bending behavior analysis of composite plate with 3-D periodic configuration and its approximation

This paper considers the bending behaviors of composite plate with 3-D periodic configuration.A second-order two-scale(SOTS)computational method is designed by means of construction way.First,by 3-D elastic composite plate model,the cell functions which are defined on the reference cell are constructed.Then the effective homogenization parameters of composites are calculated,and the homogenized plate problem on original domain is defined.Based on the Reissner-Mindlin deformation pattern,the homogenization solution is obtained.And then the SOTS’s approximate solution is obtained by the cell functions and the homogenization solution.Second,the approximation of the SOTS’s solution in energy norm is analyzed and the residual of SOTS’s solution for 3-D original in the pointwise sense is investigated.Finally,the procedure of SOTS’s method is given.A set of numerical results are demonstrated for predicting the effective parameters and the displacement and strains of composite plate.It shows that SOTS’s method can capture the 3-D local behaviors caused by3-D micro-structures well.

On Triply Periodic Wave Solutions for(2+1)-Dimensional Boussinesq Equation

By employing Hirota bilinear method and Riemann theta functions of genus one,explicit triply periodic wave solutions for the(2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation are constructed under the Backlund transformation u =(1 /6)(u0 1) + 2[ln f(x,y,t)] xx,four kinds of triply periodic wave solutions are derived,and their long wave limit are discussed.The properties of one of the solutions are shown in Fig.1.

On quasi-weakly almost periodic points

The core problem of dynamical systems is to study the asymptotic behaviors of orbits and their topological structures. It is well known that the orbits with certain recurrence and generating ergodic (or invariant) measures are important, such orbits form a full measure set for all invariant measures of the system, its closure is called the measure center of the system. To investigate this set, Zhou introduced the notions of weakly almost periodic point and quasi-weakly almost periodic point in 1990s, and presented some open problems on complexity of discrete dynamical systems in 2004. One of the open problems is as follows: for a quasi-weakly almost periodic point but not weakly almost periodic, is there an invariant measure generated by its orbit such that the support of this measure is equal to its minimal center of attraction (a closed invariant set which attracts its orbit statistically for every point and has no proper subset with this property)? Up to now, the problem remains open. In this paper, we construct two points in the one-sided shift system of two symbols, each of them generates a sub-shift system. One gives a positive answer to the question above, the other answers in the negative. Thus we solve the open problem completely. More important, the two examples show that a proper quasi-weakly almost periodic orbit behaves very differently with weakly almost periodic orbit.

Cell cycle reactivation in mature neurons: a link with brain plasticity, neuronal injury and neurodegenerative diseases?

Although the cell cycle machinery is essentially linked to cellular proliferation, recent findings suggest that neuronal cell death is frequently concurrent with the aberrant expression of cell cycle proteins in post-mitotic neurons. The present work reviews the evidence of cell cycle reentry and expression of cell cycle-associated proteins as a complex response of neurons to insults in the adult brain but also as a mechanism underlying brain plasticity. The basic aspects of cell cycle mechanisms, as well as the evidence showing cell cycle protein expression in the injured brain, are reviewed. The discussion includes recent experimental work attempting to establish a correlation between altered brain plasticity and neuronal death, and an analysis of recent evidence on how neural cell cycle dysregulation is related to neurodegenerative diseases especially the Alzheimer＇s disease. Understanding the mechanisms that control reexpression of proteins required for cell cycle progression which is involved in brain remodeling, may shed new light into the mechanisms involved in neuronal demise under diverse pathological circumstances. This would provide valuable clues about the possible therapeu tic targets, leading to potential treatment of presently challenging neurodegenerative diseases.

Triad mode resonant interactions in suspended cables

A triad mode resonance, or three-wave resonance, is typical of dynamical systems with quadratic nonlinearities. Suspended cables are found to be rich in triad mode resonant dynamics. In this paper, modulation equations for cable's triad resonance are formulated by the multiple scale method. Dynamic conservative quantities, i.e., mode energy and Manley-Rowe relations, are then constructed. Equilibrium/dynamic solutions of the modulation equations are obtained, and full investigations into their stability and bifurcation characteristics are presented. Various bifurcation behaviors are detected in cable's triad resonant responses, such as saddle-node, Hopf, pitchfork and period-doubling bifurcations. Nonlinear behaviors, like jump and saturation phenomena, are also found in cable's responses. Based upon the bifurcation analysis, two interesting properties associated with activation of cable's triad resonance are also proposed, i.e., energy barrier and directional dependence. The first gives the critical amplitude of high-frequency mode to activate cable's triad resonance, and the second characterizes the degree of difficulty for activating cable's triad resonance in two opposite directions, i.e., with positive or negative internal detuning parameter.

Optimized Ewald sum for electrostatics in molecular self-assembly systems at interfaces

We extend the recent formulation of the Ewald sum for electrostatics in a two-dimensionally periodic three-dimensional multi- atom layer or two-dimensional single-atom layer system with a rectangular periodic boundary condition （J Chem Theory, Comput, 2014, 10： 534-542） to that with a parallelogrammic periodic boundary condition in general. Following the discussion of an efficient implementation of the formula, we suggest a simple setup of parameters using a relatively smaller screening factor and the associated larger real space cutoff distance to reach an optimized algorithm of an order N computational cost. The connection between the previous application of the Ewald sum to ionic crystal systems and the future application to mo- lecular self-assembly or disassembly systems on solid surfaces or at liquid-liquid interfaces ate illustrated to demonstrate the applicability of the present work to simulate the self-assembly process and to produce dynamical, structural and thermody- namic properties of experimental self-assembly systems of interest.