循环荷载下密砂孔压发展的试验研究

循环加载条件下砂土的行为特性研究过去主要集中在松砂和中密砂方面。本文利用全自动三轴仪,对相对密度为80%的平潭砂进行了单调和循环荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了围压、固结侧压力系数、循环应力比对不排水条件下密砂超静孔压发展的影响规律。结果表明,固结侧压力系数和循环应力比共同影响土体的偏应力状态,它们对密砂的孔压发展有着决定性的作用。固结侧压力系数较大时,偏应力出现周期性的反向,超静孔压增长较快,砂土表现出典型的循环流动现象;而固结侧压力系数较小时,循环加载过程中偏应力始终在三轴压缩区内,产生的超静孔压较小,经过一定的周期数后,一个周期内由剪胀引起的超静孔压减小值正好等于由于剪缩所引起的超静孔压增大值,累积的超静孔压不再随周期数的增加而增大,密砂进入"周期稳定状态",而在文献中关于松砂和中密砂的循环加载试验尚无存在该现象的报道。

Does Working Capital Cause Profitability？ --The Nigerian Experience

The paper investigates the long run relationship and causality issues between working capital and profitability in 66 firms in Nigeria by using the panel cointegration method for the period 1999-2007. The empirical results show that there is long run steady-state relationship between working capital and profitability. However, the short run causal relationship runs from working capital to profitability suggesting that inefficient working capital management may harm profitability.