目的:建立一种基于CT影像特征的先天性寰枢椎脱位分型方法,探讨其对寰枢椎手术方式选择的指导价值。方法:2020年1月~2022年12月,共纳入61例先天性寰枢椎脱位患者,其中男性26例、女性35例;年龄32±12岁(6~61岁)。对61例患者的术前CT...目的:建立一种基于CT影像特征的先天性寰枢椎脱位分型方法,探讨其对寰枢椎手术方式选择的指导价值。方法:2020年1月~2022年12月,共纳入61例先天性寰枢椎脱位患者,其中男性26例、女性35例;年龄32±12岁(6~61岁)。对61例患者的术前CT影像学特征进行分析,并根据其寰枢侧块关节及寰齿关节的畸形程度分为三种类型:A型(23例,侧块关节轻度畸形,不伴寰齿关节畸形);B型(20例,侧块关节中度畸形,不伴寰齿关节畸形);C型(18例,侧块关节重度畸形或伴寰齿关节畸形)。根据不同分型采用不同手术策略:A型或B型患者先行全麻下寰枢椎后路器械撑开复位内固定术,对复位效果不佳的患者增加寰枢椎后路侧块关节松解术;C型患者行经口咽前路寰枢椎截骨改造、松解复位内固定手术(transoral osteotomy,releasing,reduction and fixation with plate,TORP)。随访时间为10~18个月。记录并比较各分型患者的手术时间及出血量;术后1周复查颈椎CT及MRI,观察并测量寰枢椎脱位复位指标,计算寰枢椎脱位的整体复位率;术后3个月采用日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分评价术后脊髓功能恢复情况,通过CT检查评价术后骨融合情况。结果:共实施全麻牵引下寰枢椎后路器械撑开复位内固定术22例(A型20例,B型2例),全麻牵引下寰枢椎后路侧块关节松解并后路器械撑开复位内固定术21例(A型3例,B型18例),实施TORP术18例(均C型)。61例患者术后1周的CT及MRI显示寰枢椎复位良好,脊髓压迫解除。术后所有患者的脊髓功能均有不同程度的改善,A型JOA评分由术前9.8±2.7分改善为术后3个月的13.9±2.8分(P<0.05);B型JOA评分由术前9.5±2.4分改善为术后3个月的13.7±3.1分(P<0.05);C型JOA评分由术前9.1±2.9分改善为术后3个月的13.3±2.5分(P<0.05)。A型患者术前及术后1周寰齿间隙(atlas-dens interval,ADI)为5.8±2.5mm、0.8±0.4mm,齿状突顶点距Chamberlain线的垂直距离(vertical distance from dens to Chamberlain line,VDI)为5.7±3.6mm、1.0±0.8mm,脑干延髓角(cervical medullary angle,CMA)为138.4°±12.4°、156.5°±13.3°,斜坡枢椎角(clivus axis angle,CAA)为131.6°±11.5°、149.5°±14.4°;B型术前及术后1周ADI为6.9±3.8mm、1.1±0.9mm,VDI为5.9±4.3mm、1.1±1.0mm,CMA为135.1°±15.2°、157.3°±13.2°,CAA为128.4°±13.5°、152.5°±13.4°;C型术前及术后1周ADI为7.2±3.9mm、1.2±1.5mm,VDI为8.8±5.1mm、1.5±1.8mm,CMA为132.7°±10.9°、158.2°±15.3°,CAA为124.5°±17.8°、153.8°±11.2°;各分型术后ADI、VDI、CMA和CAA值均得到显著改善(P<0.05)。A型整体复位率84.30%,B型整体复位率82.68%,C型整体复位率81.53%,各组之间复位率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除1例B型患者因骨融合不佳,发生螺钉松动,后实施经口咽前路翻修手术外,其余60例患者均在术后10~12个月得到了稳定的骨性融合。结论:本研究建立的关于先天性寰枢椎脱位的CT影像学分型方法,可为寰枢椎手术方式选择提出精准、可靠的指导意见。展开更多
Objective： To observe the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） morphological features of radiation encephalopathy （REP） in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） and investigate their diagnostic value. Methods： The MRI da...Objective： To observe the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） morphological features of radiation encephalopathy （REP） in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） and investigate their diagnostic value. Methods： The MRI data of 160 lesions from 104 NPC patients with the diagnosis of temporal lobe REP were retrospectively analyzed. The MRI was performed after radiation therapy of NPC with an interval ranged from 8 months to 13 years. The imaging sequences included T1-weighted imaging and T2-weighted imaging. Additionally T1-weighted imaging with injection of the contrast agent of Gd-DTPA was performed in 111 lesions and fluid attenuated inversion recovery （FLAIR） was performed on 37 lesions, and among them, 2 cases were subjected to MR perfusion weighted imaging （PWI）. Results： Unilateral temporal lobe was involved in 48 cases of REP, bilateral temporal lobe in 56 cases of REP respectively, with a total of 160 lesions. The REP in the white matter displayed hyper-intensity signal on T2-weighted imaging which could be homogenous, whereas areas with heterogeneous hypo-intensity signal could be seen in 59 of them otherwise with hyper-intensity signal, and 91 lesions of white matter were associated with gray matter lesions with an appearance of hypo-intensity signal on T1-weighted imaging and hyper-intensity signal on T2-weighted imaging. In 111 lesions with the Gd-DTPA enhanced T1-weigthed imaging, 91 showed the enhancement of brain parenchyma. Hemorrhage and hemosiderosis occurred in 5 lesions of REP. Conclusion： REP in NPC has a multiplicity of the imaging features on MRI, in addition to the common involvement of white matter, including other relatively frequent findings, such as the involvement of gray matter, hemorrhage, hemosiderosis and blood-brain barrier destruction, those could be clearly revealed on MRI.展开更多
Objective： We compared positron emission tomography （PET） using 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose （FDG）, enhanced computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in detecting skull base invasion of nasop...Objective： We compared positron emission tomography （PET） using 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose （FDG）, enhanced computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in detecting skull base invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinomas （NPC） and to evaluate the value of these three methods in determining the existence of skull base invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Methods： The images of enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT scans, performed at intervals -〈 20 days on 57 NPC patients from July 2004 to February 2007, were selected and reviewed. The endpoints of the comparison were sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value （PPV） and negative predictive value （NPV） of Enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT, based on histopathologic findings or clinical imaging follow-up for at least 6 months. Results： For detecting skull base invasion of NPC, the sensitivity of enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT were 68.18%, 84.09%, 97.67% respectively; speci- ficity were 76.92%, 69.23%, 57.14% respectively; accuracy were 70.18%, 80.7%, 87.72% respectively; PPV were 90.9%, 90.24%, 87.5% respectively; NPV were 41.67%, 56.25%, 88.89% respectively. Conclusion： PET-CT has obvious advantages in sensitivity over CT （P 〈 0.05） and MRI, better than the two methods in accuracy and NPV and may be more valuable for new patients in detecting skull base invasion of NPC patients.展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi (Grant No. 2013GXNSFAA019284)State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Grant No. 123104)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41162002)~~
文摘目的:建立一种基于CT影像特征的先天性寰枢椎脱位分型方法,探讨其对寰枢椎手术方式选择的指导价值。方法:2020年1月~2022年12月,共纳入61例先天性寰枢椎脱位患者,其中男性26例、女性35例;年龄32±12岁(6~61岁)。对61例患者的术前CT影像学特征进行分析,并根据其寰枢侧块关节及寰齿关节的畸形程度分为三种类型:A型(23例,侧块关节轻度畸形,不伴寰齿关节畸形);B型(20例,侧块关节中度畸形,不伴寰齿关节畸形);C型(18例,侧块关节重度畸形或伴寰齿关节畸形)。根据不同分型采用不同手术策略:A型或B型患者先行全麻下寰枢椎后路器械撑开复位内固定术,对复位效果不佳的患者增加寰枢椎后路侧块关节松解术;C型患者行经口咽前路寰枢椎截骨改造、松解复位内固定手术(transoral osteotomy,releasing,reduction and fixation with plate,TORP)。随访时间为10~18个月。记录并比较各分型患者的手术时间及出血量;术后1周复查颈椎CT及MRI,观察并测量寰枢椎脱位复位指标,计算寰枢椎脱位的整体复位率;术后3个月采用日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分评价术后脊髓功能恢复情况,通过CT检查评价术后骨融合情况。结果:共实施全麻牵引下寰枢椎后路器械撑开复位内固定术22例(A型20例,B型2例),全麻牵引下寰枢椎后路侧块关节松解并后路器械撑开复位内固定术21例(A型3例,B型18例),实施TORP术18例(均C型)。61例患者术后1周的CT及MRI显示寰枢椎复位良好,脊髓压迫解除。术后所有患者的脊髓功能均有不同程度的改善,A型JOA评分由术前9.8±2.7分改善为术后3个月的13.9±2.8分(P<0.05);B型JOA评分由术前9.5±2.4分改善为术后3个月的13.7±3.1分(P<0.05);C型JOA评分由术前9.1±2.9分改善为术后3个月的13.3±2.5分(P<0.05)。A型患者术前及术后1周寰齿间隙(atlas-dens interval,ADI)为5.8±2.5mm、0.8±0.4mm,齿状突顶点距Chamberlain线的垂直距离(vertical distance from dens to Chamberlain line,VDI)为5.7±3.6mm、1.0±0.8mm,脑干延髓角(cervical medullary angle,CMA)为138.4°±12.4°、156.5°±13.3°,斜坡枢椎角(clivus axis angle,CAA)为131.6°±11.5°、149.5°±14.4°;B型术前及术后1周ADI为6.9±3.8mm、1.1±0.9mm,VDI为5.9±4.3mm、1.1±1.0mm,CMA为135.1°±15.2°、157.3°±13.2°,CAA为128.4°±13.5°、152.5°±13.4°;C型术前及术后1周ADI为7.2±3.9mm、1.2±1.5mm,VDI为8.8±5.1mm、1.5±1.8mm,CMA为132.7°±10.9°、158.2°±15.3°,CAA为124.5°±17.8°、153.8°±11.2°;各分型术后ADI、VDI、CMA和CAA值均得到显著改善(P<0.05)。A型整体复位率84.30%,B型整体复位率82.68%,C型整体复位率81.53%,各组之间复位率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除1例B型患者因骨融合不佳,发生螺钉松动,后实施经口咽前路翻修手术外,其余60例患者均在术后10~12个月得到了稳定的骨性融合。结论:本研究建立的关于先天性寰枢椎脱位的CT影像学分型方法,可为寰枢椎手术方式选择提出精准、可靠的指导意见。
文摘Objective： To observe the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） morphological features of radiation encephalopathy （REP） in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） and investigate their diagnostic value. Methods： The MRI data of 160 lesions from 104 NPC patients with the diagnosis of temporal lobe REP were retrospectively analyzed. The MRI was performed after radiation therapy of NPC with an interval ranged from 8 months to 13 years. The imaging sequences included T1-weighted imaging and T2-weighted imaging. Additionally T1-weighted imaging with injection of the contrast agent of Gd-DTPA was performed in 111 lesions and fluid attenuated inversion recovery （FLAIR） was performed on 37 lesions, and among them, 2 cases were subjected to MR perfusion weighted imaging （PWI）. Results： Unilateral temporal lobe was involved in 48 cases of REP, bilateral temporal lobe in 56 cases of REP respectively, with a total of 160 lesions. The REP in the white matter displayed hyper-intensity signal on T2-weighted imaging which could be homogenous, whereas areas with heterogeneous hypo-intensity signal could be seen in 59 of them otherwise with hyper-intensity signal, and 91 lesions of white matter were associated with gray matter lesions with an appearance of hypo-intensity signal on T1-weighted imaging and hyper-intensity signal on T2-weighted imaging. In 111 lesions with the Gd-DTPA enhanced T1-weigthed imaging, 91 showed the enhancement of brain parenchyma. Hemorrhage and hemosiderosis occurred in 5 lesions of REP. Conclusion： REP in NPC has a multiplicity of the imaging features on MRI, in addition to the common involvement of white matter, including other relatively frequent findings, such as the involvement of gray matter, hemorrhage, hemosiderosis and blood-brain barrier destruction, those could be clearly revealed on MRI.
文摘Objective： We compared positron emission tomography （PET） using 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose （FDG）, enhanced computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in detecting skull base invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinomas （NPC） and to evaluate the value of these three methods in determining the existence of skull base invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Methods： The images of enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT scans, performed at intervals -〈 20 days on 57 NPC patients from July 2004 to February 2007, were selected and reviewed. The endpoints of the comparison were sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value （PPV） and negative predictive value （NPV） of Enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT, based on histopathologic findings or clinical imaging follow-up for at least 6 months. Results： For detecting skull base invasion of NPC, the sensitivity of enhanced CT, MRI and PET-CT were 68.18%, 84.09%, 97.67% respectively; speci- ficity were 76.92%, 69.23%, 57.14% respectively; accuracy were 70.18%, 80.7%, 87.72% respectively; PPV were 90.9%, 90.24%, 87.5% respectively; NPV were 41.67%, 56.25%, 88.89% respectively. Conclusion： PET-CT has obvious advantages in sensitivity over CT （P 〈 0.05） and MRI, better than the two methods in accuracy and NPV and may be more valuable for new patients in detecting skull base invasion of NPC patients.
