The superiority of wheat grain yield under no-till has been reported by many authors, and others reported significant interaction between wheat cultivar and tillage system for grain yield and other related traits. Hen...The superiority of wheat grain yield under no-till has been reported by many authors, and others reported significant interaction between wheat cultivar and tillage system for grain yield and other related traits. Hence, new breeding initiatives are needed to introgress favorable traits into wheat and other crops in areas where no-tillage is being adopted. The identification of such traits is solely possible via the assessment ofgermplasm under no-tillage. Moreover, Moroccan wheat breeding programs are carried out solely under conventional tillage system whilst the conservation one is becoming widely adopted. So, the ultimate objective of this research is to find out if the used wheat commercial cultivars behave differentially under no tillage system and to propose the use of appropriate cultivars for the appropriate tillage system and to implement a breeding program specifically for no tillage system. The experiment has been carried out during 2006-2007 at Douyet （F6s）. Cultivars have been sown according to a strip-split plot design. At maturity, yield, yield components and related traits have been recorded. The results indicated that both water regime （WR） and variety （Vat） had a highly significant effect on all measured traits. In contrast, tillage system （TS） had similar effect on yield, grains m-2, biomass, and plant height, but had no effect on harvest index, 1000-kernel weight and heading date. The TSxVar interaction has been significant to highly so on all traits except on heading date. The magnitude of the interaction for grain yield was more important under irrigated treatment than under rainfed one. On the whole, No Tillage yielded more grains than conventional one. Moreover, Achtar and Areal （bread wheat cultivars） and Marjana and Marzak （durum wheat cultivars） yielded more under No-Till. The significant interaction between TS and Var paves the way for the implementation of a breeding program under no till system.展开更多
The susceptibility of Sogatella furcifera female adults on N22 to malathion increased as feeding time prolonged, while the day change of susceptibility to isoprocarb showed a inverse tendency. The activities of es...The susceptibility of Sogatella furcifera female adults on N22 to malathion increased as feeding time prolonged, while the day change of susceptibility to isoprocarb showed a inverse tendency. The activities of esterase and carboxylesterase were induced significantly after on N22 for one day, and then declined. The non susceptible level of adults to insecticides and enzyme activities seemed to be heightened after feeding on ASD7, a variety resistant to Nilaparvata lugens. The total phenol content in rice leaf sheath was the highest in N22, and could be regarded as one of the factors, which caused chages in susceptibility of S. furcifera to insecticide after feeding different rice varieties. It was recommended that suitable insecticides and planthopper resistant varieties should be coordinately used in practice so that they contribute more effects respectively.展开更多
基金The authors thank the staff of the INRA-CRRA Meknes, mainly the manager of Douyet Experimental station. This study was partially financed by the National Science Foundation of Spain （CICYT）： Grant No. AGL 2005-05767.
文摘The superiority of wheat grain yield under no-till has been reported by many authors, and others reported significant interaction between wheat cultivar and tillage system for grain yield and other related traits. Hence, new breeding initiatives are needed to introgress favorable traits into wheat and other crops in areas where no-tillage is being adopted. The identification of such traits is solely possible via the assessment ofgermplasm under no-tillage. Moreover, Moroccan wheat breeding programs are carried out solely under conventional tillage system whilst the conservation one is becoming widely adopted. So, the ultimate objective of this research is to find out if the used wheat commercial cultivars behave differentially under no tillage system and to propose the use of appropriate cultivars for the appropriate tillage system and to implement a breeding program specifically for no tillage system. The experiment has been carried out during 2006-2007 at Douyet （F6s）. Cultivars have been sown according to a strip-split plot design. At maturity, yield, yield components and related traits have been recorded. The results indicated that both water regime （WR） and variety （Vat） had a highly significant effect on all measured traits. In contrast, tillage system （TS） had similar effect on yield, grains m-2, biomass, and plant height, but had no effect on harvest index, 1000-kernel weight and heading date. The TSxVar interaction has been significant to highly so on all traits except on heading date. The magnitude of the interaction for grain yield was more important under irrigated treatment than under rainfed one. On the whole, No Tillage yielded more grains than conventional one. Moreover, Achtar and Areal （bread wheat cultivars） and Marjana and Marzak （durum wheat cultivars） yielded more under No-Till. The significant interaction between TS and Var paves the way for the implementation of a breeding program under no till system.
文摘The susceptibility of Sogatella furcifera female adults on N22 to malathion increased as feeding time prolonged, while the day change of susceptibility to isoprocarb showed a inverse tendency. The activities of esterase and carboxylesterase were induced significantly after on N22 for one day, and then declined. The non susceptible level of adults to insecticides and enzyme activities seemed to be heightened after feeding on ASD7, a variety resistant to Nilaparvata lugens. The total phenol content in rice leaf sheath was the highest in N22, and could be regarded as one of the factors, which caused chages in susceptibility of S. furcifera to insecticide after feeding different rice varieties. It was recommended that suitable insecticides and planthopper resistant varieties should be coordinately used in practice so that they contribute more effects respectively.
