新疆木垒长眉双峰驼品种资源调查

通过对新疆木垒哈萨克自治县木垒长眉双峰驼品种遗传资源进行的调查,提出保护良种驼资源的建议,推动养驼业的发展。

上杭槐猪种质资源保护和利用研究进展

上杭县积极开展槐猪这一珍贵地方品种资源的保护与利用,并取得了一定成果。该文主要阐述了上杭槐猪的品种来源与遗传资源保护利用相关进展,归纳了品种种质研究方面取得的成果,并提出品种保护与利用的建议,旨在为上杭槐猪遗传资源的保护和利用提供参考。

野生动物保护的基础法律概念研究

2022年12月30日修订的《中华人民共和国野生动物保护法》加大了对涉及野生动物的违法行为的处罚力度,全面完善了野生动物保护和管理制度,但仍然存在概念不明、执法依据不清等问题。为避免野生动物保护领域的“监管失灵”和“公地悲剧”,也为了保护公民在合法范围内的饮食自由,应当对野生动物的概念框架做更新调整,对陆生野生动物的内涵做细化明确。我国《野生动物保护法》应当将珍贵、濒危的陆生、水生野生动物和具有重要生态、科学、社会价值的陆生野生动物作为主要保护对象,同时明确对其他野生动物给予同样保护,积极回应现实存在的法律适用问题,构建完善的野生动物保护法律体系。

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Constructing Core Collection Based on Phenotypes in Cotton

In that DNA diversity detected nowadays could not mean phenotypic diversity,it is the precondition of breeding project and basic research of crop improvement that genetic diversity analysis and sampling of core collection by phenotypes.Phenotyping and statistic analysis on 9 traits of 92 accessions of cotton germplasm resource from three species（Gossypium hirsutum L.,Gossypium barbadence L.and Gossypium arboreum L.）were conducted.And the statistics（variation coefficient,proportion of special accessions and Shannon-Weaver information index）indicated that initial collection had abundant phenotypic diversity;software NTSYS-pc and the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic（UPGMA）were used for the cluster analysis on genetic similarity coefficient and genetic distance matrix,and the result showed that the genetic relationship among accessions was highly consistent with the pedigree;22 accessions of core collection were selected by software QGAStation,four statistics,such as variance difference percentage（VD%）,mean difference percentage（MD%）,coincidence rate（CR%）and variable rate（VR%）,showed that the genetic diversity of core collection was approximately equal to the initial collection.The results of genetic diversity analysis based on phenotypic data and sampling of core collection would provide reference for breeding projects and basic research.

Collecting Landraces of Vegetable Crop Species in the South-West Romania

A collecting mission was carried out in south-west Romania in October 2013 with the aims： （1） to collect autochthonous crop genetic resources which still present in the south-west of Romania; （2） to assess the presence of on farm of plant genetic resources; （3） to determine the species and the amount of genetic diversity still cultivated and （4） to obtain information from germplasm owners to be used to evaluate the feasibility of an on farm conservation program. Out of 24 explored towns, in 8, landraces were grown and in all, instances seeds could be obtained. Fifty-three accessions from different crop species were collected in 17 sites, belonging to 10 botanical families, of which solanaceae was the most represented （32%）, followed by fabaceae （17%）, cueurbitaceae （11%） and alliaceae and brassicaceae （9%）. As expected, vegetable crops were the most collected, reaching a value as 58.5%, spices 20.8%, while pulses 15.1% and cereals 5.7% of the total. This collecting mission showed that in internal areas of Romania, germplasm of old landraces of many vegetable and crop species still survive, and indicated the urgency to continue also in other agricultural districts of Romania.

Research on Oxalate Oxidase and Its Genes in Plants

This paper introduces the discovery,composition and structure of oxalate oxidase,as well as illustrates the biological functions of this enzyme.With a comprehensive introduction upon previous researches upon gene cloning and heredity transformation of this enzyme,it indicates that heredity transformation can increase the content of oxalate oxidase within the plants and also enhance their resistance.The paper also points out the problems such as lack of gene resources and difficulty in the transformation of heterologous genes,and the focus in later researches should be laid upon the exploration of plant resources relative to this enzyme and selection of resistant species.

Morphogenic Variability of Some Autochthonous Plum Cultivars in the Region of North Montenegro

Plum is the major fruit species in the area of North Montenegro. Over a long period of growing in this region, autochthonous cultivars adapted, and have been achieving satisfactory results, despite poor growing conditions. A study conducted over a period of three years in a North Montenegro region included in situ identification of autochthonous plum cultivars. Observation and recording of their phenological and pomological traits were performed using International Board for Plant Genetic Resources （IBPGR） and International union for the Protection of New Varieties of plants （UPOV） methodologies. Eighteen cultivars derived from Prunusdomestica L. and two cultivars derived from P. insititia L. were identified. Flowering started between March 26th and April 12th and fruit ripening between 13th of July （Petrovaca） and 18th September （Trnovaca）. Fruit weight ranged from 6.65 g ± 0.235 g to 53.88 g ± 0.654 g respectively and stone weight from 0.16 g ±0.003 g to 2.20 g ± 0.711 g. The cultivars were classified as being extremely small in terms of fruit size, except for cvs Crvenadurgulja （big fruit size）. Rounded fruit shape and light green ground color were dominant. Skin color ranged from amber to black. Yellow green was a dominant flesh color and medium flesh firmness predominated. The fruits of the above cultivars could be processed, particularly into plum brandy, or they could be used fresh or dried. The selected plum cultivars can be used in breeding programmes, as rootstocks as well as in further disease related systematic studies under field and laboratory conditions.

The Importance of Fiber Production for Conservation of Native Sheep and Goat Breeds and Silkworm Lines in Turkey

In Turkey, studies devoted to conservation of animal genetic resources are carried out by general directorate of agricultural research （TAGEM） under the ministry of food, agriculture and livestock. There are 9 sheep and 3 goat breeds and 3 silkworm lines which produce animal fiber have been put under conservation by TAGEM since 1996. A considerable amount of these genotypcs are preserved as in situ. The success of this conservation method is directly associated with economically making the best of these genotypes which are preserved. Hence, making the most of fiber production alongside meat and milk production would make a great contribution to their conservation. For this purpose, determining production biology of mohair and textile features of Ankara goats at present, determining all features of traditional items （especially handicrafts） made of fibers obtained from these breeds and lines which have been put under protection and creating new usage areas have been issues worked upon. Along with this, in recent years, just as the world, especially EU countries, interests and studies for issues such as organic animal fiber production, rural development and geographical indications have been increasing in Turkey, as well. In the near future, this situation is supposed to have a great effect on increasing of animal fiber production in a positive way, too. Hence, to benefit more effectively from fibers obtained from these breeds which have been put under protection will make a great contribution to be protected by breeders. For this purpose, there will be studies in the near future devoted to determining production biology of fiber and determining features of textile in breeds and lines and increasing the consumption of products to be obtained from these fibers as well as Ankara goats. Therefore, in this article, it was emphasized on the more efficient of ways to be benefited from fiber production in these breeds and lines under protected.