Theories with ingredients like the Higgs mechanism, gravitons, and inflaton fields rejuvenate the idea that relativistic kinematics is dynamically emergent. Eternal inflation treats the Hubble constant H as depending ...Theories with ingredients like the Higgs mechanism, gravitons, and inflaton fields rejuvenate the idea that relativistic kinematics is dynamically emergent. Eternal inflation treats the Hubble constant H as depending on location. Microscopic dynamics implies that H is over much smaller lengths than pocket universes to be understood as a local space reproduction rate. We illustrate this via discussing that even exponential inflation in TeV-gravity is slow on the relevant time scale. In our on small scales inhomogeneous cosmos, a reproduction rate H depends on position. We therefore discuss Einstein-Strauss vacuoles and a Lindquist-Wheeler like lattice to connect the local rate properly with the scaling of an expanding cosmos. Consistency allows H to locally depend on Weyl curvature similar to vacuum polarization. We derive a proportionality constant known from Kepler＇s third law and discuss the implications for the finiteness of the cosmological constant.展开更多
In this paper, the assignment of acomplex 8-spin-half system （7,7-dichloro-6-oxo-2-tio-bicycle [3.2.0] heptane-4-carboxlic acid） using nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） techniques is presented and the hamiltonian o...In this paper, the assignment of acomplex 8-spin-half system （7,7-dichloro-6-oxo-2-tio-bicycle [3.2.0] heptane-4-carboxlic acid） using nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） techniques is presented and the hamiltonian obtained, was used to demonstrate universal control. The system has 313C and 51H,in our work, we carried out traditional 1-D and 2-D experiments and also made use of coherent control together with simulation to get the full hamiltonian of this weakly coupled system. Spin-echo J-resolved 2-D experiments were used to obtain the heteronuclear and homonuclear coupling values; COSY45 experiments were used to obtain the signs of homonuclear coupling constants. The signs of heteronuclear coupling constants were obtained using the polarization transfer method. All the data obtained in the experiments were used in the simulation of the 1-D spectra and then optimized using the least square fitting method. After obtaining the full hamiltonian of the 8-spin system, we used it in QIP, prepared pseudopure states and implemented 1-qubit and 2-qubit gates on one of its 6-qubit subsystems.展开更多
The democracy itself does not guarantee the automatic solution of ethnic problems. Kazakhstan model of interethnic communication distinguished with the fundamental principles of ethnic, confessional, cultural, and lan...The democracy itself does not guarantee the automatic solution of ethnic problems. Kazakhstan model of interethnic communication distinguished with the fundamental principles of ethnic, confessional, cultural, and language diversity. The Kazakhstan model considered a polyethnicity, without forgetting that ethnicity continues to play an important role. The people of Kazakhstan are the main subject of the state ethnic policy. The conceptual tbrmula ＂We Are the People of Kazakhstan＂ of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan expresses a community principle of all citizens of the country irrespective of an ethnic origin. The sphere of the interethnic communications represents difficult and rather delicate part of political life of Kazakhstan. Any insignificant event can have impact on a condition and further development of a situation in this sphere. Thus, despite relative stability, a number of tendencies observed here are capable to lead to its violation at a certain combination of circumstances. For strengthening and improving the Kazakhstan model of interethnic tolerance and a public consent, as well as for lbrmation of national idea further democratization of society is definitely necessary.展开更多
Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, ...Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, including weather, topography, road conditions and other traffic conditions in China's Mainland during 2000-2001, were collected and analyzed. Results: (1) During 2000-2001, there were (3 365) extremely severe RTCs with (13 666) deaths, (12 204) injuries and a direct economical loss of 136 million RMB. (2) Most extremely severe RTCs occurred in fine weather days and in the daytime. The high occurrence sites were plain areas, horizontal and straight roads, Grade B and C roads, ordinary road segment, and asphalt, smooth and mixed roads. (3) Compared with other RTCs, extremely severe RTCs were more likely to happen under following conditions: on cloudy, snowing, misty and blustering days; in hill and mountainous areas; on crooked and sloping roads; on freeway, Grade A, B, and C roads; mixed roads; ordinary, bridge, narrow and transitional roads; sand and dirt-roads; without traffic control measures; night without lighting. (4) Extremely severe RTCs of mountainous area or crooked and sloping roads were most severe in terms of deaths and injures per crash. Conclusions: Extremely severe RTCs are closely related with environmental factors. Rational road programming, enhancing road establishment and improving road conditions are probably effective measures to reduce the road traffic injuries.展开更多
Numerical results of three-dimensional separated flow and heat transfer in an enlarged rectangular channel are presented in this paper.The expansion ratio and aspect ratio of the channel are 2.0 and 16.0,respectively....Numerical results of three-dimensional separated flow and heat transfer in an enlarged rectangular channel are presented in this paper.The expansion ratio and aspect ratio of the channel are 2.0 and 16.0,respectively.Reynolds number of the flow is 200 and it is over the critical Reynolds number.Over the critical Reynolds number,the flow in the symmetric channel becomes asymmetric and deflects to one side of the walls.Effects of the pulsating fluctuation at the inlet upon the flow in the channel are investigated.It is clarified that the inlet flow with a pulsating fluctuation of Strouhal number 0.05 and 0.10 strongly affects on the flow in the channel,and heat transfer on the walls is enhanced,especially on the wall surface covered with long separation bubble.On the other hand,the pulsation of St=0.0125 oscillates the shear layer more weakly than that of St=0.05,0.10 and the enhancement of heat transfer is smaller,though some vortices are shed from the vicinity of the side wall near the reattachment region.The oscillation of the main flow calms down gradually as the Strouhal number of the pulsation increases over 0.10.The influence of pulsation of St=0.20 on the flow is restricted in the near downstream of the step,and heat transfer on the walls is almost similar to that of the steady flow in the channel.展开更多
文摘Theories with ingredients like the Higgs mechanism, gravitons, and inflaton fields rejuvenate the idea that relativistic kinematics is dynamically emergent. Eternal inflation treats the Hubble constant H as depending on location. Microscopic dynamics implies that H is over much smaller lengths than pocket universes to be understood as a local space reproduction rate. We illustrate this via discussing that even exponential inflation in TeV-gravity is slow on the relevant time scale. In our on small scales inhomogeneous cosmos, a reproduction rate H depends on position. We therefore discuss Einstein-Strauss vacuoles and a Lindquist-Wheeler like lattice to connect the local rate properly with the scaling of an expanding cosmos. Consistency allows H to locally depend on Weyl curvature similar to vacuum polarization. We derive a proportionality constant known from Kepler＇s third law and discuss the implications for the finiteness of the cosmological constant.
文摘In this paper, the assignment of acomplex 8-spin-half system （7,7-dichloro-6-oxo-2-tio-bicycle [3.2.0] heptane-4-carboxlic acid） using nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） techniques is presented and the hamiltonian obtained, was used to demonstrate universal control. The system has 313C and 51H,in our work, we carried out traditional 1-D and 2-D experiments and also made use of coherent control together with simulation to get the full hamiltonian of this weakly coupled system. Spin-echo J-resolved 2-D experiments were used to obtain the heteronuclear and homonuclear coupling values; COSY45 experiments were used to obtain the signs of homonuclear coupling constants. The signs of heteronuclear coupling constants were obtained using the polarization transfer method. All the data obtained in the experiments were used in the simulation of the 1-D spectra and then optimized using the least square fitting method. After obtaining the full hamiltonian of the 8-spin system, we used it in QIP, prepared pseudopure states and implemented 1-qubit and 2-qubit gates on one of its 6-qubit subsystems.
文摘The democracy itself does not guarantee the automatic solution of ethnic problems. Kazakhstan model of interethnic communication distinguished with the fundamental principles of ethnic, confessional, cultural, and language diversity. The Kazakhstan model considered a polyethnicity, without forgetting that ethnicity continues to play an important role. The people of Kazakhstan are the main subject of the state ethnic policy. The conceptual tbrmula ＂We Are the People of Kazakhstan＂ of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan expresses a community principle of all citizens of the country irrespective of an ethnic origin. The sphere of the interethnic communications represents difficult and rather delicate part of political life of Kazakhstan. Any insignificant event can have impact on a condition and further development of a situation in this sphere. Thus, despite relative stability, a number of tendencies observed here are capable to lead to its violation at a certain combination of circumstances. For strengthening and improving the Kazakhstan model of interethnic tolerance and a public consent, as well as for lbrmation of national idea further democratization of society is definitely necessary.
文摘Objective: To make an epidemiological analysis of the effect of environment on extremely severe road traffic crashes (RTCs). Methods: Epidemiologic data of extremely severe RTCs associated with environmental factors, including weather, topography, road conditions and other traffic conditions in China's Mainland during 2000-2001, were collected and analyzed. Results: (1) During 2000-2001, there were (3 365) extremely severe RTCs with (13 666) deaths, (12 204) injuries and a direct economical loss of 136 million RMB. (2) Most extremely severe RTCs occurred in fine weather days and in the daytime. The high occurrence sites were plain areas, horizontal and straight roads, Grade B and C roads, ordinary road segment, and asphalt, smooth and mixed roads. (3) Compared with other RTCs, extremely severe RTCs were more likely to happen under following conditions: on cloudy, snowing, misty and blustering days; in hill and mountainous areas; on crooked and sloping roads; on freeway, Grade A, B, and C roads; mixed roads; ordinary, bridge, narrow and transitional roads; sand and dirt-roads; without traffic control measures; night without lighting. (4) Extremely severe RTCs of mountainous area or crooked and sloping roads were most severe in terms of deaths and injures per crash. Conclusions: Extremely severe RTCs are closely related with environmental factors. Rational road programming, enhancing road establishment and improving road conditions are probably effective measures to reduce the road traffic injuries.
基金These results were partly obtained with a supercomputer SX-9 of Cyberscience Center,Tohoku University
文摘Numerical results of three-dimensional separated flow and heat transfer in an enlarged rectangular channel are presented in this paper.The expansion ratio and aspect ratio of the channel are 2.0 and 16.0,respectively.Reynolds number of the flow is 200 and it is over the critical Reynolds number.Over the critical Reynolds number,the flow in the symmetric channel becomes asymmetric and deflects to one side of the walls.Effects of the pulsating fluctuation at the inlet upon the flow in the channel are investigated.It is clarified that the inlet flow with a pulsating fluctuation of Strouhal number 0.05 and 0.10 strongly affects on the flow in the channel,and heat transfer on the walls is enhanced,especially on the wall surface covered with long separation bubble.On the other hand,the pulsation of St=0.0125 oscillates the shear layer more weakly than that of St=0.05,0.10 and the enhancement of heat transfer is smaller,though some vortices are shed from the vicinity of the side wall near the reattachment region.The oscillation of the main flow calms down gradually as the Strouhal number of the pulsation increases over 0.10.The influence of pulsation of St=0.20 on the flow is restricted in the near downstream of the step,and heat transfer on the walls is almost similar to that of the steady flow in the channel.
